process.cc revision 5183 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 The Regents of The University of Michigan
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
7 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
9 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
12 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
13 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
14 * this software without specific prior written permission.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
17 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
18 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
19 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
20 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
21 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
22 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
26 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 *
28 * Authors: Gabe Black
29 *          Ali Saidi
30 */
31
32#include "arch/sparc/asi.hh"
33#include "arch/sparc/handlers.hh"
34#include "arch/sparc/isa_traits.hh"
35#include "arch/sparc/process.hh"
36#include "arch/sparc/types.hh"
37#include "base/loader/object_file.hh"
38#include "base/loader/elf_object.hh"
39#include "base/misc.hh"
40#include "cpu/thread_context.hh"
41#include "mem/page_table.hh"
42#include "sim/process_impl.hh"
43#include "mem/translating_port.hh"
44#include "sim/system.hh"
45
46using namespace std;
47using namespace SparcISA;
48
49
50SparcLiveProcess::SparcLiveProcess(LiveProcessParams * params,
51        ObjectFile *objFile)
52    : LiveProcess(params, objFile)
53{
54
55    // XXX all the below need to be updated for SPARC - Ali
56    brk_point = objFile->dataBase() + objFile->dataSize() + objFile->bssSize();
57    brk_point = roundUp(brk_point, VMPageSize);
58
59    // Set pointer for next thread stack.  Reserve 8M for main stack.
60    next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - (8 * 1024 * 1024);
61
62    //Initialize these to 0s
63    fillStart = 0;
64    spillStart = 0;
65}
66
67void SparcLiveProcess::handleTrap(int trapNum, ThreadContext *tc)
68{
69    switch(trapNum)
70    {
71      case 0x01: //Software breakpoint
72        warn("Software breakpoint encountered at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
73        break;
74      case 0x02: //Division by zero
75        warn("Software signaled a division by zero at pc %#x.\n",
76                tc->readPC());
77        break;
78      case 0x03: //Flush window trap
79        flushWindows(tc);
80        break;
81      case 0x04: //Clean windows
82        warn("Ignoring process request for clean register "
83                "windows at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
84        break;
85      case 0x05: //Range check
86        warn("Software signaled a range check at pc %#x.\n",
87                tc->readPC());
88        break;
89      case 0x06: //Fix alignment
90        warn("Ignoring process request for os assisted unaligned accesses "
91                "at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
92        break;
93      case 0x07: //Integer overflow
94        warn("Software signaled an integer overflow at pc %#x.\n",
95                tc->readPC());
96        break;
97      case 0x32: //Get integer condition codes
98        warn("Ignoring process request to get the integer condition codes "
99                "at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
100        break;
101      case 0x33: //Set integer condition codes
102        warn("Ignoring process request to set the integer condition codes "
103                "at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
104        break;
105      default:
106        panic("Unimplemented trap to operating system: trap number %#x.\n", trapNum);
107    }
108}
109
110void
111Sparc32LiveProcess::startup()
112{
113    if (checkpointRestored)
114        return;
115
116    argsInit(32 / 8, VMPageSize);
117
118    //From the SPARC ABI
119
120    //The process runs in user mode with 32 bit addresses
121    threadContexts[0]->setMiscReg(MISCREG_PSTATE, 0x0a);
122
123    //Setup default FP state
124    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_FSR, 0);
125
126    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TICK, 0);
127    //
128    /*
129     * Register window management registers
130     */
131
132    //No windows contain info from other programs
133    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_OTHERWIN, 0);
134    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6, 0);
135    //There are no windows to pop
136    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANRESTORE, 0);
137    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, 0);
138    //All windows are available to save into
139    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANSAVE, NWindows - 2);
140    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, NWindows - 2);
141    //All windows are "clean"
142    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CLEANWIN, NWindows);
143    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 5, NWindows);
144    //Start with register window 0
145    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CWP, 0);
146    //Always use spill and fill traps 0
147    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_WSTATE, 0);
148    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 7, 0);
149    //Set the trap level to 0
150    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TL, 0);
151    //Set the ASI register to something fixed
152    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_ASI, ASI_PRIMARY);
153
154    /*
155     * T1 specific registers
156     */
157    //Turn on the icache, dcache, dtb translation, and itb translation.
158    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_MMU_LSU_CTRL, 15);
159}
160
161void
162Sparc64LiveProcess::startup()
163{
164    argsInit(sizeof(IntReg), VMPageSize);
165
166    //From the SPARC ABI
167
168    //The process runs in user mode
169    threadContexts[0]->setMiscReg(MISCREG_PSTATE, 0x02);
170
171    //Setup default FP state
172    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_FSR, 0);
173
174    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TICK, 0);
175
176    /*
177     * Register window management registers
178     */
179
180    //No windows contain info from other programs
181    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_OTHERWIN, 0);
182    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6, 0);
183    //There are no windows to pop
184    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANRESTORE, 0);
185    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, 0);
186    //All windows are available to save into
187    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANSAVE, NWindows - 2);
188    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, NWindows - 2);
189    //All windows are "clean"
190    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CLEANWIN, NWindows);
191    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 5, NWindows);
192    //Start with register window 0
193    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CWP, 0);
194    //Always use spill and fill traps 0
195    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_WSTATE, 0);
196    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 7, 0);
197    //Set the trap level to 0
198    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TL, 0);
199    //Set the ASI register to something fixed
200    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_ASI, ASI_PRIMARY);
201
202    /*
203     * T1 specific registers
204     */
205    //Turn on the icache, dcache, dtb translation, and itb translation.
206    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_MMU_LSU_CTRL, 15);
207}
208
209M5_32_auxv_t::M5_32_auxv_t(int32_t type, int32_t val)
210{
211    a_type = TheISA::htog(type);
212    a_val = TheISA::htog(val);
213}
214
215M5_64_auxv_t::M5_64_auxv_t(int64_t type, int64_t val)
216{
217    a_type = TheISA::htog(type);
218    a_val = TheISA::htog(val);
219}
220
221void
222Sparc64LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize)
223{
224    typedef M5_64_auxv_t auxv_t;
225    Process::startup();
226
227    string filename;
228    if(argv.size() < 1)
229        filename = "";
230    else
231        filename = argv[0];
232
233    Addr alignmentMask = ~(intSize - 1);
234
235    // load object file into target memory
236    objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem);
237
238    enum hardwareCaps
239    {
240        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH = 1,
241        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR = 2,
242        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP = 4,
243        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV = 8,
244        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 = 16,
245        //This one should technically only be set
246        //if there is a cheetah or cheetah_plus tlb,
247        //but we'll use it all the time
248        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3 = 32
249    };
250
251    const int64_t hwcap =
252        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH |
253        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR |
254        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP |
255        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV |
256        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 |
257        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3;
258
259
260    //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion.
261    //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables.
262    ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile);
263    if(elfObject)
264    {
265        //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities
266        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_HWCAP, hwcap));
267        //The system page size
268        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PAGESZ, SparcISA::VMPageSize));
269        //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source.
270        //Frequency at which times() increments
271        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_CLKTCK, 100));
272        // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the
273        // program header tables if they appear in the executable image
274        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable()));
275        // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file.
276        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize()));
277        // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file.
278        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount()));
279        //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set
280        //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else
281        //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries.
282        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_BASE, 0));
283        //This is hardwired to 0 in the elf loading code in the kernel
284        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_FLAGS, 0));
285        //The entry point to the program
286        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint()));
287        //Different user and group IDs
288        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_UID, uid()));
289        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EUID, euid()));
290        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_GID, gid()));
291        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EGID, egid()));
292        //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable
293        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_SECURE, 0));
294    }
295
296    //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be
297
298    // The unaccounted for 0 at the top of the stack
299    int mysterious_size = intSize;
300
301    //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack
302    //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file.
303    int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1;
304
305    int env_data_size = 0;
306    for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) {
307        env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1;
308    }
309    int arg_data_size = 0;
310    for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) {
311        arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1;
312    }
313
314    //The info_block needs to be padded so it's size is a multiple of the
315    //alignment mask. Also, it appears that there needs to be at least some
316    //padding, so if the size is already a multiple, we need to increase it
317    //anyway.
318    int info_block_size =
319        (file_name_size +
320        env_data_size +
321        arg_data_size +
322        intSize) & alignmentMask;
323
324    int info_block_padding =
325        info_block_size -
326        file_name_size -
327        env_data_size -
328        arg_data_size;
329
330    //Each auxilliary vector is two 8 byte words
331    int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1);
332
333    int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1);
334    int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1);
335
336    int argc_size = intSize;
337    int window_save_size = intSize * 16;
338
339    int space_needed =
340        mysterious_size +
341        info_block_size +
342        aux_array_size +
343        envp_array_size +
344        argv_array_size +
345        argc_size +
346        window_save_size;
347
348    stack_min = stack_base - space_needed;
349    stack_min &= alignmentMask;
350    stack_size = stack_base - stack_min;
351
352    // map memory
353    pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize),
354                     roundUp(stack_size, pageSize));
355
356    // map out initial stack contents
357    Addr mysterious_base = stack_base - mysterious_size;
358    Addr file_name_base = mysterious_base - file_name_size;
359    Addr env_data_base = file_name_base - env_data_size;
360    Addr arg_data_base = env_data_base - arg_data_size;
361    Addr auxv_array_base = arg_data_base - aux_array_size - info_block_padding;
362    Addr envp_array_base = auxv_array_base - envp_array_size;
363    Addr argv_array_base = envp_array_base - argv_array_size;
364    Addr argc_base = argv_array_base - argc_size;
365#ifndef NDEBUG
366    // only used in DPRINTF
367    Addr window_save_base = argc_base - window_save_size;
368#endif
369
370    DPRINTF(Sparc, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n");
371    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base);
372    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base);
373    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base);
374    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base);
375    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base);
376    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base);
377    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base);
378    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - window save\n", window_save_base);
379    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min);
380
381    // write contents to stack
382
383    // figure out argc
384    uint64_t argc = argv.size();
385    uint64_t guestArgc = TheISA::htog(argc);
386
387    //Write out the mysterious 0
388    uint64_t mysterious_zero = 0;
389    initVirtMem->writeBlob(mysterious_base,
390            (uint8_t*)&mysterious_zero, mysterious_size);
391
392    //Write the file name
393    initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str());
394
395    //Copy the aux stuff
396    for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++)
397    {
398        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize,
399                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize);
400        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize,
401                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize);
402    }
403    //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector
404    const uint64_t zero = 0;
405    initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(),
406            (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize);
407
408    copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem);
409    copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem);
410
411    initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize);
412
413    //Stuff the trap handlers into the processes address space.
414    //Since the stack grows down and is the highest area in the processes
415    //address space, we can put stuff above it and stay out of the way.
416    int fillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numFillInsts;
417    int spillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numSpillInsts;
418    fillStart = stack_base;
419    spillStart = fillStart + fillSize;
420    initVirtMem->writeBlob(fillStart, (uint8_t*)fillHandler64, fillSize);
421    initVirtMem->writeBlob(spillStart, (uint8_t*)spillHandler64, spillSize);
422
423    //Set up the thread context to start running the process
424    assert(NumArgumentRegs >= 2);
425    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[0], argc);
426    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[1], argv_array_base);
427    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min - StackBias);
428
429    Addr prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint();
430    threadContexts[0]->setPC(prog_entry);
431    threadContexts[0]->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst));
432    threadContexts[0]->setNextNPC(prog_entry + (2 * sizeof(MachInst)));
433
434    //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary.
435    stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize);
436
437//    num_processes++;
438}
439
440void
441Sparc32LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize)
442{
443    typedef M5_32_auxv_t auxv_t;
444    Process::startup();
445
446    string filename;
447    if(argv.size() < 1)
448        filename = "";
449    else
450        filename = argv[0];
451
452    //Even though this is a 32 bit process, the ABI says we still need to
453    //maintain double word alignment of the stack pointer.
454    Addr alignmentMask = ~(8 - 1);
455
456    // load object file into target memory
457    objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem);
458
459    //These are the auxilliary vector types
460    enum auxTypes
461    {
462        SPARC_AT_HWCAP = 16,
463        SPARC_AT_PAGESZ = 6,
464        SPARC_AT_CLKTCK = 17,
465        SPARC_AT_PHDR = 3,
466        SPARC_AT_PHENT = 4,
467        SPARC_AT_PHNUM = 5,
468        SPARC_AT_BASE = 7,
469        SPARC_AT_FLAGS = 8,
470        SPARC_AT_ENTRY = 9,
471        SPARC_AT_UID = 11,
472        SPARC_AT_EUID = 12,
473        SPARC_AT_GID = 13,
474        SPARC_AT_EGID = 14,
475        SPARC_AT_SECURE = 23
476    };
477
478    enum hardwareCaps
479    {
480        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH = 1,
481        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR = 2,
482        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP = 4,
483        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV = 8,
484        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 = 16,
485        //This one should technically only be set
486        //if there is a cheetah or cheetah_plus tlb,
487        //but we'll use it all the time
488        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3 = 32
489    };
490
491    const int64_t hwcap =
492        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH |
493        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR |
494        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP |
495        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV |
496        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 |
497        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3;
498
499
500    //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion.
501    //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables.
502    ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile);
503    if(elfObject)
504    {
505        //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities
506        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_HWCAP, hwcap));
507        //The system page size
508        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PAGESZ, SparcISA::VMPageSize));
509        //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source.
510        //Frequency at which times() increments
511        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_CLKTCK, 100));
512        // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the
513        // program header tables if they appear in the executable image
514        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable()));
515        // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file.
516        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize()));
517        // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file.
518        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount()));
519        //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set
520        //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else
521        //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries.
522        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_BASE, 0));
523        //This is hardwired to 0 in the elf loading code in the kernel
524        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_FLAGS, 0));
525        //The entry point to the program
526        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint()));
527        //Different user and group IDs
528        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_UID, uid()));
529        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_EUID, euid()));
530        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_GID, gid()));
531        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_EGID, egid()));
532        //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable
533        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_SECURE, 0));
534    }
535
536    //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be
537
538    // The unaccounted for 8 byte 0 at the top of the stack
539    int mysterious_size = 8;
540
541    //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack
542    //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file.
543    int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1;
544
545    int env_data_size = 0;
546    for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) {
547        env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1;
548    }
549    int arg_data_size = 0;
550    for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) {
551        arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1;
552    }
553
554    //The info_block - This seems to need an pad for some reason.
555    int info_block_size =
556        (mysterious_size +
557        file_name_size +
558        env_data_size +
559        arg_data_size + intSize);
560
561    //Each auxilliary vector is two 4 byte words
562    int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1);
563
564    int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1);
565    int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1);
566
567    int argc_size = intSize;
568    int window_save_size = intSize * 16;
569
570    int space_needed =
571        info_block_size +
572        aux_array_size +
573        envp_array_size +
574        argv_array_size +
575        argc_size +
576        window_save_size;
577
578    stack_min = stack_base - space_needed;
579    stack_min &= alignmentMask;
580    stack_size = stack_base - stack_min;
581
582    // map memory
583    pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize),
584                     roundUp(stack_size, pageSize));
585
586    // map out initial stack contents
587    uint32_t window_save_base = stack_min;
588    uint32_t argc_base = window_save_base + window_save_size;
589    uint32_t argv_array_base = argc_base + argc_size;
590    uint32_t envp_array_base = argv_array_base + argv_array_size;
591    uint32_t auxv_array_base = envp_array_base + envp_array_size;
592    //The info block is pushed up against the top of the stack, while
593    //the rest of the initial stack frame is aligned to an 8 byte boudary.
594    uint32_t arg_data_base = stack_base - info_block_size + intSize;
595    uint32_t env_data_base = arg_data_base + arg_data_size;
596    uint32_t file_name_base = env_data_base + env_data_size;
597    uint32_t mysterious_base = file_name_base + file_name_size;
598
599    DPRINTF(Sparc, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n");
600    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base);
601    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base);
602    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base);
603    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base);
604    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base);
605    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base);
606    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base);
607    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - window save\n", window_save_base);
608    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min);
609
610    // write contents to stack
611
612    // figure out argc
613    uint32_t argc = argv.size();
614    uint32_t guestArgc = TheISA::htog(argc);
615
616    //Write out the mysterious 0
617    uint64_t mysterious_zero = 0;
618    initVirtMem->writeBlob(mysterious_base,
619            (uint8_t*)&mysterious_zero, mysterious_size);
620
621    //Write the file name
622    initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str());
623
624    //Copy the aux stuff
625    for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++)
626    {
627        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize,
628                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize);
629        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize,
630                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize);
631    }
632    //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector
633    const uint64_t zero = 0;
634    initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(),
635            (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize);
636
637    copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem);
638    copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem);
639
640    initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize);
641
642    //Stuff the trap handlers into the processes address space.
643    //Since the stack grows down and is the highest area in the processes
644    //address space, we can put stuff above it and stay out of the way.
645    int fillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numFillInsts;
646    int spillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numSpillInsts;
647    fillStart = stack_base;
648    spillStart = fillStart + fillSize;
649    initVirtMem->writeBlob(fillStart, (uint8_t*)fillHandler32, fillSize);
650    initVirtMem->writeBlob(spillStart, (uint8_t*)spillHandler32, spillSize);
651
652    //Set up the thread context to start running the process
653    //assert(NumArgumentRegs >= 2);
654    //threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[0], argc);
655    //threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[1], argv_array_base);
656    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min);
657
658    uint32_t prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint();
659    threadContexts[0]->setPC(prog_entry);
660    threadContexts[0]->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst));
661    threadContexts[0]->setNextNPC(prog_entry + (2 * sizeof(MachInst)));
662
663    //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary.
664    stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize);
665
666//    num_processes++;
667}
668
669void Sparc32LiveProcess::flushWindows(ThreadContext *tc)
670{
671    IntReg Cansave = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3);
672    IntReg Canrestore = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4);
673    IntReg Otherwin = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6);
674    MiscReg CWP = tc->readMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP);
675    MiscReg origCWP = CWP;
676    CWP = (CWP + Cansave + 2) % NWindows;
677    while(NWindows - 2 - Cansave != 0)
678    {
679        if (Otherwin) {
680            panic("Otherwin non-zero.\n");
681        } else {
682            tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, CWP);
683            //Do the stores
684            IntReg sp = tc->readIntReg(StackPointerReg);
685            for (int index = 16; index < 32; index++) {
686                IntReg regVal = tc->readIntReg(index);
687                regVal = htog(regVal);
688                if (!tc->getMemPort()->tryWriteBlob(
689                        sp + (index - 16) * 4, (uint8_t *)&regVal, 4)) {
690                    warn("Failed to save register to the stack when "
691                            "flushing windows.\n");
692                }
693            }
694            Canrestore--;
695            Cansave++;
696            CWP = (CWP + 1) % NWindows;
697        }
698    }
699    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, Cansave);
700    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, Canrestore);
701    tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, origCWP);
702}
703
704void Sparc64LiveProcess::flushWindows(ThreadContext *tc)
705{
706    IntReg Cansave = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3);
707    IntReg Canrestore = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4);
708    IntReg Otherwin = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6);
709    MiscReg CWP = tc->readMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP);
710    MiscReg origCWP = CWP;
711    CWP = (CWP + Cansave + 2) % NWindows;
712    while(NWindows - 2 - Cansave != 0)
713    {
714        if (Otherwin) {
715            panic("Otherwin non-zero.\n");
716        } else {
717            tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, CWP);
718            //Do the stores
719            IntReg sp = tc->readIntReg(StackPointerReg);
720            for (int index = 16; index < 32; index++) {
721                IntReg regVal = tc->readIntReg(index);
722                regVal = htog(regVal);
723                if (!tc->getMemPort()->tryWriteBlob(
724                        sp + 2047 + (index - 16) * 8, (uint8_t *)&regVal, 8)) {
725                    warn("Failed to save register to the stack when "
726                            "flushing windows.\n");
727                }
728            }
729            Canrestore--;
730            Cansave++;
731            CWP = (CWP + 1) % NWindows;
732        }
733    }
734    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, Cansave);
735    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, Canrestore);
736    tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, origCWP);
737}
738