parser.py revision 6877:2a1a3d916ca8
1# Copyright (c) 2009 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company
2# All rights reserved.
3#
4# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
6# met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
7# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
8# redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
9# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
10# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
11# neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
12# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
13# this software without specific prior written permission.
14#
15# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
16# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
17# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
18# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
19# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
20# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
21# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
25# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26#
27# Authors: Nathan Binkert
28
29import os.path
30import re
31import sys
32
33from m5.util.grammar import Grammar, TokenError, ParseError
34
35import slicc.ast as ast
36import slicc.util as util
37from slicc.symbols import SymbolTable
38
39def read_slicc(sources):
40    if not isinstance(sources, (list,tuple)):
41        sources = [ sources ]
42
43    for source in sources:
44        for sm_file in file(source, "r"):
45            sm_file = sm_file.strip()
46            if not sm_file:
47                continue
48            if sm_file.startswith("#"):
49                continue
50            yield sm_file
51
52class SLICC(Grammar):
53    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
54        super(SLICC, self).__init__(**kwargs)
55        self.decl_list_vec = []
56        self.current_file = None
57        self.symtab = SymbolTable()
58
59    def parse(self, filename):
60        self.current_file = filename
61        f = file(filename, 'r')
62        text = f.read()
63        try:
64            decl_list = super(SLICC, self).parse(text)
65        except (TokenError, ParseError), e:
66            sys.exit("%s: %s:%d" % (e, filename, e.token.lineno))
67        self.decl_list_vec.append(decl_list)
68        self.current_file = None
69
70    def _load(self, *filenames):
71        filenames = list(filenames)
72        while filenames:
73            f = filenames.pop(0)
74            if isinstance(f, (list, tuple)):
75                filenames[0:0] = list(f)
76                continue
77
78            yield f
79            if f.endswith(".slicc"):
80                dirname,basename = os.path.split(f)
81                filenames[0:0] = [ os.path.join(dirname, x) \
82                                   for x in read_slicc(f)]
83            else:
84                assert f.endswith(".sm")
85                self.parse(f)
86
87    def load(self, *filenames, **kwargs):
88        verbose = kwargs.pop("verbose", False)
89        if kwargs:
90            raise TypeError
91
92        gen = self._load(*filenames)
93        if verbose:
94            return gen
95        else:
96            # Run out the generator if we don't want the verbosity
97            for foo in gen:
98                pass
99
100    def findMachines(self):
101        for decl_list in self.decl_list_vec:
102            decl_list.findMachines()
103
104    def generate(self):
105        for decl_list in self.decl_list_vec:
106            decl_list.generate()
107
108    def writeCodeFiles(self, code_path):
109        util.makeDir(code_path)
110        self.symtab.writeCodeFiles(code_path)
111
112    def writeHTMLFiles(self, code_path):
113        util.makeDir(code_path)
114        self.symtab.writeHTMLFiles(code_path)
115
116    def files(self):
117        f = set([
118            'MachineType.cc',
119            'MachineType.hh',
120            'Types.hh' ])
121
122        for decl_list in self.decl_list_vec:
123            f |= decl_list.files()
124
125        return f
126
127    t_ignore = '\t '
128
129    # C or C++ comment (ignore)
130    def t_c_comment(self, t):
131        r'/\*(.|\n)*?\*/'
132        t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
133
134    def t_cpp_comment(self, t):
135        r'//.*'
136
137    # Define a rule so we can track line numbers
138    def t_newline(self, t):
139        r'\n+'
140        t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
141
142    reserved = {
143        'global' : 'GLOBAL',
144        'machine' : 'MACHINE',
145        'in_port' : 'IN_PORT',
146        'out_port' : 'OUT_PORT',
147        'action' : 'ACTION',
148        'transition' : 'TRANS',
149        'structure' : 'STRUCT',
150        'external_type' : 'EXTERN_TYPE',
151        'enumeration' : 'ENUM',
152        'peek' : 'PEEK',
153        'enqueue' : 'ENQUEUE',
154        'copy_head' : 'COPY_HEAD',
155        'check_allocate' : 'CHECK_ALLOCATE',
156        'check_stop_slots' : 'CHECK_STOP_SLOTS',
157        'if' : 'IF',
158        'else' : 'ELSE',
159        'return' : 'RETURN',
160        'THIS' : 'THIS',
161        'CHIP' : 'CHIP',
162        'void' : 'VOID',
163        'new' : 'NEW',
164    }
165
166    literals = ':[]{}(),='
167
168    tokens = [ 'EQ', 'NE', 'LT', 'GT', 'LE', 'GE',
169               'LEFTSHIFT', 'RIGHTSHIFT',
170               'NOT', 'AND', 'OR',
171               'PLUS', 'DASH', 'STAR', 'SLASH',
172               'DOUBLE_COLON', 'SEMI',
173               'ASSIGN', 'DOT',
174               'IDENT', 'LIT_BOOL', 'FLOATNUMBER', 'NUMBER', 'STRING' ]
175    tokens += reserved.values()
176
177    t_EQ = r'=='
178    t_NE = r'!='
179    t_LT = r'<'
180    t_GT = r'>'
181    t_LE = r'<='
182    t_GE = r'>='
183    t_LEFTSHIFT = r'<<'
184    t_RIGHTSHIFT = r'>>'
185    t_NOT = r'!'
186    t_AND = r'&&'
187    t_OR = r'\|\|'
188    t_PLUS = r'\+'
189    t_DASH = r'-'
190    t_STAR = r'\*'
191    t_SLASH = r'/'
192    t_DOUBLE_COLON = r'::'
193    t_SEMI = r';'
194    t_ASSIGN = r':='
195    t_DOT = r'\.'
196
197    precedence = (
198        ('left', 'AND', 'OR'),
199        ('left', 'EQ', 'NE'),
200        ('left', 'LT', 'GT', 'LE', 'GE'),
201        ('left', 'RIGHTSHIFT', 'LEFTSHIFT'),
202        ('left', 'PLUS', 'DASH'),
203        ('left', 'STAR', 'SLASH'),
204        ('right', 'NOT', 'UMINUS'),
205    )
206
207    def t_IDENT(self, t):
208        r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*'
209        if t.value == 'true':
210            t.type = 'LIT_BOOL'
211            t.value = True
212            return t
213
214        if t.value == 'false':
215            t.type = 'LIT_BOOL'
216            t.value = False
217            return t
218
219        # Check for reserved words
220        t.type = self.reserved.get(t.value, 'IDENT')
221        return t
222
223    def t_FLOATNUMBER(self, t):
224        '[0-9]+[.][0-9]+'
225        try:
226            t.value = float(t.value)
227        except ValueError:
228            raise TokenError("Illegal float", t)
229        return t
230
231    def t_NUMBER(self, t):
232        r'[0-9]+'
233        try:
234            t.value = int(t.value)
235        except ValueError:
236            raise TokenError("Illegal number", t)
237        return t
238
239    def t_STRING1(self, t):
240        r'\"[^"\n]*\"'
241        t.type = 'STRING'
242        t.value = t.value[1:-1]
243        return t
244
245    def t_STRING2(self, t):
246        r"\'[^'\n]*\'"
247        t.type = 'STRING'
248        t.value = t.value[1:-1]
249        return t
250
251    def p_file(self, p):
252        "file : decls"
253        p[0] = p[1]
254
255    def p_empty(self, p):
256        "empty :"
257
258    def p_decls(self, p):
259        "decls : declsx"
260        p[0] = ast.DeclListAST(self, p[1])
261
262    def p_declsx__list(self, p):
263        "declsx : decl declsx"
264        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[2]
265
266    def p_declsx__none(self, p):
267        "declsx : empty"
268        p[0] = []
269
270    def p_decl__machine(self, p):
271        "decl : MACHINE '(' ident pairs ')' ':' params '{' decls '}'"
272        p[0] = ast.MachineAST(self, p[3], p[4], p[7], p[9])
273
274    def p_decl__action(self, p):
275        "decl : ACTION '(' ident pairs ')' statements"
276        p[0] = ast.ActionDeclAST(self, p[3], p[4], p[6])
277
278    def p_decl__in_port(self, p):
279        "decl : IN_PORT '(' ident ',' type ',' var pairs ')' statements"
280        p[0] = ast.InPortDeclAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[7], p[8], p[10])
281
282    def p_decl__out_port(self, p):
283        "decl : OUT_PORT '(' ident ',' type ',' var pairs ')' SEMI"
284        p[0] = ast.OutPortDeclAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[7], p[8])
285
286    def p_decl__trans0(self, p):
287        "decl : TRANS '(' idents ',' idents ',' ident pairs ')' idents"
288        p[0] = ast.TransitionDeclAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[7], p[8], p[10])
289
290    def p_decl__trans1(self, p):
291        "decl : TRANS '(' idents ',' idents           pairs ')' idents"
292        p[0] = ast.TransitionDeclAST(self, p[3], p[5], None, p[6], p[8])
293
294    def p_decl__extern0(self, p):
295        "decl : EXTERN_TYPE '(' type pairs ')' SEMI"
296        p[4]["external"] = "yes"
297        p[0] = ast.TypeDeclAST(self, p[3], p[4], [])
298
299    def p_decl__extern1(self, p):
300        "decl : EXTERN_TYPE '(' type pairs ')' '{' type_methods '}'"
301        p[4]["external"] = "yes"
302        p[0] = ast.TypeDeclAST(self, p[3], p[4], p[7])
303
304    def p_decl__global(self, p):
305        "decl : GLOBAL '(' type pairs ')' '{' type_members '}'"
306        p[4]["global"] = "yes"
307        p[0] = ast.TypeDeclAST(self, p[3], p[4], p[7])
308
309    def p_decl__struct(self, p):
310        "decl : STRUCT '(' type pairs ')' '{' type_members '}'"
311        p[0] = ast.TypeDeclAST(self, p[3], p[4], p[7])
312
313    def p_decl__enum(self, p):
314        "decl : ENUM '(' type pairs ')' '{' type_enums   '}'"
315        p[4]["enumeration"] = "yes"
316        p[0] = ast.EnumDeclAST(self, p[3], p[4], p[7])
317
318    def p_decl__object(self, p):
319        "decl : type ident pairs SEMI"
320        p[0] = ast.ObjDeclAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[3])
321
322    def p_decl__func_decl(self, p):
323        """decl : void ident '(' params ')' pairs SEMI
324                | type ident '(' params ')' pairs SEMI"""
325        p[0] = ast.FuncDeclAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[4], p[6], None)
326
327    def p_decl__func_def(self, p):
328        """decl : void ident '(' params ')' pairs statements
329                | type ident '(' params ')' pairs statements"""
330        p[0] = ast.FuncDeclAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[4], p[6], p[7])
331
332    # Type fields
333    def p_type_members__list(self, p):
334        "type_members : type_member type_members"
335        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[2]
336
337    def p_type_members__empty(self, p):
338        "type_members : empty"
339        p[0] = []
340
341    def p_type_member__1(self, p):
342        "type_member : type ident pairs SEMI"
343        p[0] = ast.TypeFieldMemberAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[3], None)
344
345    def p_type_member__2(self, p):
346        "type_member : type ident ASSIGN expr SEMI"
347        p[0] = ast.TypeFieldMemberAST(self, p[1], p[2],
348                                      ast.PairListAST(self), p[4])
349
350    # Methods
351    def p_type_methods__list(self, p):
352        "type_methods : type_method type_methods"
353        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[2]
354
355    def p_type_methods(self, p):
356        "type_methods : empty"
357        p[0] = []
358
359    def p_type_method(self, p):
360        "type_method : type_or_void ident '(' types ')' pairs SEMI"
361        p[0] = ast.TypeFieldMethodAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[4], p[6])
362
363    # Enum fields
364    def p_type_enums__list(self, p):
365        "type_enums : type_enum type_enums"
366        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[2]
367
368    def p_type_enums__empty(self, p):
369        "type_enums : empty"
370        p[0] = []
371
372    def p_type_enum(self, p):
373        "type_enum : ident pairs SEMI"
374        p[0] = ast.TypeFieldEnumAST(self, p[1], p[2])
375
376    # Type
377    def p_types__multiple(self, p):
378        "types : type ',' types"
379        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[3]
380
381    def p_types__one(self, p):
382        "types : type"
383        p[0] = [ p[1] ]
384
385    def p_types__empty(self, p):
386        "types : empty"
387        p[0] = []
388
389    def p_type(self, p):
390        "type : ident"
391        p[0] = ast.TypeAST(self, p[1])
392
393    def p_void(self, p):
394        "void : VOID"
395        p[0] = ast.TypeAST(self, p[1])
396
397    def p_type_or_void(self, p):
398        """type_or_void : type
399                        | void"""
400        p[0] = p[1]
401
402    # Formal Param
403    def p_params__many(self, p):
404        "params : param ',' params"
405        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[3]
406
407    def p_params__one(self, p):
408        "params : param"
409        p[0] = [ p[1] ]
410
411    def p_params__none(self, p):
412        "params : empty"
413        p[0] = []
414
415    def p_param(self, p):
416        "param : type ident"
417        p[0] = ast.FormalParamAST(self, p[1], p[2])
418
419    def p_param__default(self, p):
420        "param : type ident '=' NUMBER"
421        p[0] = ast.FormalParamAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[4])
422
423    # Idents and lists
424    def p_idents__braced(self, p):
425        "idents : '{' identx '}'"
426        p[0] = p[2]
427
428    def p_idents__bare(self, p):
429        "idents : ident"
430        p[0] = [ p[1] ]
431
432    def p_identx__multiple_1(self, p):
433        """identx : ident SEMI identx
434                  | ident ',' identx"""
435        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[3]
436
437    def p_identx__multiple_2(self, p):
438        "identx : ident identx"
439        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[2]
440
441    def p_identx__single(self, p):
442        "identx : empty"
443        p[0] = [ ]
444
445    def p_ident(self, p):
446        "ident : IDENT"
447        p[0] = p[1]
448
449    # Pair and pair lists
450    def p_pairs__list(self, p):
451        "pairs : ',' pairsx"
452        p[0] = p[2]
453
454    def p_pairs__empty(self, p):
455        "pairs : empty"
456        p[0] = ast.PairListAST(self)
457
458    def p_pairsx__many(self, p):
459        "pairsx : pair ',' pairsx"
460        p[0] = p[3]
461        p[0].addPair(p[1])
462
463    def p_pairsx__one(self, p):
464        "pairsx : pair"
465        p[0] = ast.PairListAST(self)
466        p[0].addPair(p[1])
467
468    def p_pair__assign(self, p):
469        """pair : ident '=' STRING
470                | ident '=' ident"""
471        p[0] = ast.PairAST(self, p[1], p[3])
472
473    def p_pair__literal(self, p):
474        "pair : STRING"
475        p[0] = ast.PairAST(self, "short", p[1])
476
477    # Below are the rules for action descriptions
478    def p_statements__inner(self, p):
479        "statements : '{' statements_inner '}'"
480        p[0] = ast.StatementListAST(self, p[2])
481
482    def p_statements__none(self, p):
483        "statements : '{' '}'"
484        p[0] = ast.StatementListAST(self, [])
485
486    def p_statements_inner__many(self, p):
487        "statements_inner : statement statements_inner"
488        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[2]
489
490    def p_statements_inner__one(self, p):
491        "statements_inner : statement"
492        p[0] = [ p[1] ]
493
494    def p_exprs__multiple(self, p):
495        "exprs : expr ',' exprs"
496        p[0] = [ p[1] ] + p[3]
497
498    def p_exprs__one(self, p):
499        "exprs : expr"
500        p[0] = [ p[1] ]
501
502    def p_exprs__empty(self, p):
503        "exprs : empty"""
504        p[0] = []
505
506    def p_statement__expression(self, p):
507        "statement : expr SEMI"
508        p[0] = ast.ExprStatementAST(self, p[1])
509
510    def p_statement__assign(self, p):
511        "statement : expr ASSIGN expr SEMI"
512        p[0] = ast.AssignStatementAST(self, p[1], p[3])
513
514    def p_statement__enqueue(self, p):
515        "statement : ENQUEUE '(' var ',' type pairs ')' statements"
516        p[0] = ast.EnqueueStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[6], p[8])
517
518    def p_statement__peek(self, p):
519        "statement : PEEK '(' var ',' type pairs ')' statements"
520        p[0] = ast.PeekStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[6], p[8], "peek")
521
522    def p_statement__copy_head(self, p):
523        "statement : COPY_HEAD '(' var ',' var pairs ')' SEMI"
524        p[0] = ast.CopyHeadStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[6])
525
526    def p_statement__check_allocate(self, p):
527        "statement : CHECK_ALLOCATE '(' var ')' SEMI"
528        p[0] = ast.CheckAllocateStatementAST(self, p[3])
529
530    def p_statement__check_stop(self, p):
531        "statement : CHECK_STOP_SLOTS '(' var ',' STRING ',' STRING ')' SEMI"
532        p[0] = ast.CheckStopStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[7])
533
534    def p_statement__return(self, p):
535        "statement : RETURN expr SEMI"
536        p[0] = ast.ReturnStatementAST(self, p[2])
537
538    def p_statement__if(self, p):
539        "statement : if_statement"
540        p[0] = p[1]
541
542    def p_if_statement__if(self, p):
543        "if_statement : IF '(' expr ')' statements"
544        p[0] = ast.IfStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5], None)
545
546    def p_if_statement__if_else(self, p):
547        "if_statement : IF '(' expr ')' statements ELSE statements"
548        p[0] = ast.IfStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[7])
549
550    def p_statement__if_else_if(self, p):
551        "if_statement : IF '(' expr ')' statements ELSE if_statement"
552        p[0] = ast.IfStatementAST(self, p[3], p[5],
553                                  ast.StatementListAST(self, p[7]))
554
555    def p_expr__var(self, p):
556        "aexpr : var"
557        p[0] = p[1]
558
559    def p_expr__literal(self, p):
560        "aexpr : literal"
561        p[0] = p[1]
562
563    def p_expr__enumeration(self, p):
564        "aexpr : enumeration"
565        p[0] = p[1]
566
567    def p_expr__func_call(self, p):
568        "aexpr : ident '(' exprs ')'"
569        p[0] = ast.FuncCallExprAST(self, p[1], p[3])
570
571    def p_expr__new(self, p):
572        "aexpr : NEW type"
573        p[0] = ast.NewExprAST(self, p[2])
574
575    # globally access a local chip component and call a method
576    def p_expr__local_chip_method(self, p):
577        "aexpr : THIS DOT var '[' expr ']' DOT var DOT ident '(' exprs ')'"
578        p[0] = ast.LocalChipMethodAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[8], p[10], p[12])
579
580    # globally access a local chip component and access a data member
581    def p_expr__local_chip_member(self, p):
582        "aexpr : THIS DOT var '[' expr ']' DOT var DOT field"
583        p[0] = ast.LocalChipMemberAST(self, p[3], p[5], p[8], p[10])
584
585    # globally access a specified chip component and call a method
586    def p_expr__specified_chip_method(self, p):
587        "aexpr : CHIP '[' expr ']' DOT var '[' expr ']' DOT var DOT ident '(' exprs ')'"
588        p[0] = ast.SpecifiedChipMethodAST(self, p[3], p[6], p[8], p[11], p[13],
589                                          p[15])
590
591    # globally access a specified chip component and access a data member
592    def p_expr__specified_chip_member(self, p):
593        "aexpr : CHIP '[' expr ']' DOT var '[' expr ']' DOT var DOT field"
594        p[0] = ast.SpecifiedChipMemberAST(self, p[3], p[6], p[8], p[11], p[13])
595
596    def p_expr__member(self, p):
597        "aexpr : aexpr DOT ident"
598        p[0] = ast.MemberExprAST(self, p[1], p[3])
599
600    def p_expr__member_method_call(self, p):
601        "aexpr : aexpr DOT ident '(' exprs ')'"
602        p[0] = ast.MemberMethodCallExprAST(self, p[1], p[3], p[5])
603
604    def p_expr__member_method_call_lookup(self, p):
605        "aexpr : aexpr '[' exprs ']'"
606        p[0] = ast.MemberMethodCallExprAST(self, p[1], "lookup", p[3])
607
608    def p_expr__class_method_call(self, p):
609        "aexpr : type DOUBLE_COLON ident '(' exprs ')'"
610        p[0] = ast.ClassMethodCallExprAST(self, p[1], p[3], p[5])
611
612    def p_expr__aexpr(self, p):
613        "expr : aexpr"
614        p[0] = p[1]
615
616    def p_expr__binary_op(self, p):
617        """expr : expr STAR  expr
618                | expr SLASH expr
619                | expr PLUS  expr
620                | expr DASH  expr
621                | expr LT    expr
622                | expr GT    expr
623                | expr LE    expr
624                | expr GE    expr
625                | expr EQ    expr
626                | expr NE    expr
627                | expr AND   expr
628                | expr OR    expr
629                | expr RIGHTSHIFT expr
630                | expr LEFTSHIFT  expr"""
631        p[0] = ast.InfixOperatorExprAST(self, p[1], p[2], p[3])
632
633    # FIXME - unary not
634    def p_expr__unary_op(self, p):
635        """expr : NOT expr
636                | DASH expr %prec UMINUS"""
637        p[0] = PrefixOperatorExpr(p[1], p[2])
638
639    def p_expr__parens(self, p):
640        "aexpr : '(' expr ')'"
641        p[0] = p[2]
642
643    def p_literal__string(self, p):
644        "literal : STRING"
645        p[0] = ast.LiteralExprAST(self, p[1], "string")
646
647    def p_literal__number(self, p):
648        "literal : NUMBER"
649        p[0] = ast.LiteralExprAST(self, p[1], "int")
650
651    def p_literal__float(self, p):
652        "literal : FLOATNUMBER"
653        p[0] = ast.LiteralExprAST(self, p[1], "int")
654
655    def p_literal__bool(self, p):
656        "literal : LIT_BOOL"
657        p[0] = ast.LiteralExprAST(self, p[1], "bool")
658
659    def p_enumeration(self, p):
660        "enumeration : ident ':' ident"
661        p[0] = ast.EnumExprAST(self, ast.TypeAST(self, p[1]), p[3])
662
663    def p_var(self, p):
664        "var : ident"
665        p[0] = ast.VarExprAST(self, p[1])
666
667    def p_field(self, p):
668        "field : ident"
669        p[0] = p[1]
670