x86: Rework opcode parsing to support 3 byte opcodes properly.

Instead of counting the number of opcode bytes in an instruction and recording
each byte before the actual opcode, we can represent the path we took to get to
the actual opcode byte by using a type code. That has a couple of advantages.
First, we can disambiguate the properties of opcodes of the same length which
have different properties. Second, it reduces the amount of data stored in an
ExtMachInst, making them slightly easier/faster to create and process. This
also adds some flexibility as far as how different types of opcodes are
handled, which might come in handy if we decide to support VEX or XOP
instructions.

This change also adds tables to support properly decoding 3 byte opcodes.
Before we would fall off the end of some arrays, on top of the ambiguity
described above.

This change doesn't measureably affect performance on the twolf benchmark.