base.cc revision 14010:0e1e887507c0
110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu/*
210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * Copyright (c) 2014, 2016 ARM Limited
310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * All rights reserved
410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu *
510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * licensed hereunder.  You may use the software subject to the license
1010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
1110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * unmodified and in its entirety in all distributions of the software,
1210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
1310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu *
1410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
1510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
1610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
1710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
1810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
1910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
2010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
2110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
2210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
2310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * this software without specific prior written permission.
2410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu *
2510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
2610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
2710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
2810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
2910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
3010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
3110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
3210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
3310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
3410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
3510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
3610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu *
3710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu * Authors: Andreas Sandberg
3810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu */
3910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
4010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu#include "dev/virtio/base.hh"
4110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
4210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu#include "debug/VIO.hh"
4310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu#include "params/VirtIODeviceBase.hh"
4410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu#include "params/VirtIODummyDevice.hh"
4510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
4610448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::VirtDescriptor(PortProxy &_memProxy, VirtQueue &_queue,
4710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu                               Index descIndex)
4810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    : memProxy(&_memProxy), queue(&_queue), _index(descIndex),
4910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu      desc{0, 0, 0, 0}
5010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
5110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
5210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
5310448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::VirtDescriptor(VirtDescriptor &&other) noexcept
5410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
5510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    *this = std::forward<VirtDescriptor>(other);
5610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
5710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
5810448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::~VirtDescriptor() noexcept
5910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
6010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
6110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
6210448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor &
6310448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::operator=(VirtDescriptor &&rhs) noexcept
6410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
6510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    memProxy = std::move(rhs.memProxy);
6610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    queue = std::move(rhs.queue);
6710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    _index = std::move(rhs._index);
6810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    desc = std::move(rhs.desc);
6910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
7010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    return *this;
7110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
7210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
7310448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
7410448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::update()
7510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
7610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    const Addr vq_addr(queue->getAddress());
7710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    // Check if the queue has been initialized yet
7810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (vq_addr == 0)
7910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        return;
8010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
8110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    assert(_index < queue->getSize());
8210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    const Addr desc_addr(vq_addr + sizeof(desc) * _index);
8310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    vring_desc guest_desc;
8410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    memProxy->readBlob(desc_addr, &guest_desc, sizeof(guest_desc));
8510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    desc = vtoh_legacy(guest_desc);
8610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    DPRINTF(VIO,
8710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            "VirtDescriptor(%i): Addr: 0x%x, Len: %i, Flags: 0x%x, "
8810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            "Next: 0x%x\n",
8910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            _index, desc.addr, desc.len, desc.flags, desc.next);
9010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
9110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
9210448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
9310448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::updateChain()
9410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
9510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    VirtDescriptor *desc(this);
9610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    do {
9710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        desc->update();
9810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    } while ((desc = desc->next()) != NULL && desc != this);
9910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
10010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (desc == this)
10110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        panic("Loop in descriptor chain!\n");
10210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
10310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
10410448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
10510448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::dump() const
10610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
10710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (!DTRACE(VIO))
10810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        return;
10910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
11010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    DPRINTF(VIO, "Descriptor[%i]: "
11110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            "Addr: 0x%x, Len: %i, Flags: 0x%x, Next: 0x%x\n",
11210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            _index, desc.addr, desc.len, desc.flags, desc.next);
11310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
11410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (isIncoming()) {
11510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        uint8_t data[desc.len];
11610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        read(0, data, desc.len);
11710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        DDUMP(VIO, data, desc.len);
11810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    }
11910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
12010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
12110448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
12210448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::dumpChain() const
12310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
12410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (!DTRACE(VIO))
12510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        return;
12610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
12710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    const VirtDescriptor *desc(this);
12810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    do {
12910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        desc->dump();
13010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    } while ((desc = desc->next()) != NULL);
13110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
13210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
13310448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor *
13410448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::next() const
13510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
13610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (hasNext()) {
13710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        return queue->getDescriptor(desc.next);
13810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    } else {
13910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        return NULL;
14010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    }
14110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
14210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
14310448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
14410448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::read(size_t offset, uint8_t *dst, size_t size) const
14510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
14610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    DPRINTF(VIO, "VirtDescriptor(%p, 0x%x, %i)::read: offset: %i, dst: 0x%x, size: %i\n",
14710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            this, desc.addr, desc.len, offset, (long)dst, size);
14810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    assert(size <= desc.len - offset);
14910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (!isIncoming())
15010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        panic("Trying to read from outgoing buffer\n");
15110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
15210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    memProxy->readBlob(desc.addr + offset, dst, size);
15310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
15410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
15510448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
15610448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::write(size_t offset, const uint8_t *src, size_t size)
15710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
15810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    DPRINTF(VIO, "VirtDescriptor(%p, 0x%x, %i)::write: offset: %i, src: 0x%x, size: %i\n",
15910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            this, desc.addr, desc.len, offset, (long)src, size);
16010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    assert(size <= desc.len - offset);
16110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (!isOutgoing())
16210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        panic("Trying to write to incoming buffer\n");
16310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
16410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    memProxy->writeBlob(desc.addr + offset, src, size);
16510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
16610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
16710448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
16810448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::chainRead(size_t offset, uint8_t *dst, size_t size) const
16910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
17010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    const VirtDescriptor *desc(this);
17110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    const size_t full_size(size);
17210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    do {
17310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        if (offset < desc->size()) {
17410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            const size_t chunk_size(std::min(desc->size() - offset, size));
17510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            desc->read(offset, dst, chunk_size);
17610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            dst += chunk_size;
17710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            size -= chunk_size;
17810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            offset = 0;
17910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        } else {
18010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            offset -= desc->size();
18110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        }
18210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    } while ((desc = desc->next()) != NULL && desc->isIncoming() && size > 0);
18310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
18410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (size != 0) {
18510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        panic("Failed to read %i bytes from chain of %i bytes @ offset %i\n",
18610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu              full_size, chainSize(), offset);
18710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    }
18810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
18910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
19010448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduvoid
19110448Snilay@cs.wisc.eduVirtDescriptor::chainWrite(size_t offset, const uint8_t *src, size_t size)
19210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu{
19310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    VirtDescriptor *desc(this);
19410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    const size_t full_size(size);
19510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    do {
19610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        if (offset < desc->size()) {
19710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            const size_t chunk_size(std::min(desc->size() - offset, size));
19810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            desc->write(offset, src, chunk_size);
19910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            src += chunk_size;
20010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            size -= chunk_size;
20110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            offset = 0;
20210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        } else {
20310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu            offset -= desc->size();
20410448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        }
20510448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    } while ((desc = desc->next()) != NULL && size > 0);
20610448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
20710448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    if (size != 0) {
20810448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu        panic("Failed to write %i bytes into chain of %i bytes @ offset %i\n",
20910448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu              full_size, chainSize(), offset);
21010448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu    }
21110448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu}
21210448Snilay@cs.wisc.edu
21310448Snilay@cs.wisc.edusize_t
214VirtDescriptor::chainSize() const
215{
216    size_t size(0);
217    const VirtDescriptor *desc(this);
218    do {
219        size += desc->size();
220    } while ((desc = desc->next()) != NULL);
221
222    return size;
223}
224
225
226
227VirtQueue::VirtQueue(PortProxy &proxy, uint16_t size)
228    : _size(size), _address(0), memProxy(proxy),
229      avail(proxy, size), used(proxy, size),
230      _last_avail(0)
231{
232    descriptors.reserve(_size);
233    for (int i = 0; i < _size; ++i)
234        descriptors.emplace_back(proxy, *this, i);
235}
236
237void
238VirtQueue::serialize(CheckpointOut &cp) const
239{
240    SERIALIZE_SCALAR(_address);
241    SERIALIZE_SCALAR(_last_avail);
242}
243
244void
245VirtQueue::unserialize(CheckpointIn &cp)
246{
247    Addr addr_in;
248
249    paramIn(cp, "_address", addr_in);
250    UNSERIALIZE_SCALAR(_last_avail);
251
252    // Use the address setter to ensure that the ring buffer addresses
253    // are updated as well.
254    setAddress(addr_in);
255}
256
257void
258VirtQueue::setAddress(Addr address)
259{
260    const Addr addr_avail(address + _size * sizeof(struct vring_desc));
261    const Addr addr_avail_end(addr_avail + sizeof(struct vring_avail) +
262                              _size * sizeof(uint16_t));
263    const Addr addr_used((addr_avail_end + sizeof(uint16_t) +
264                          (ALIGN_SIZE - 1)) & ~(ALIGN_SIZE - 1));
265    _address = address;
266    avail.setAddress(addr_avail);
267    used.setAddress(addr_used);
268}
269
270VirtDescriptor *
271VirtQueue::consumeDescriptor()
272{
273    avail.read();
274    DPRINTF(VIO, "consumeDescriptor: _last_avail: %i, avail.idx: %i (->%i)\n",
275            _last_avail, avail.header.index,
276            avail.ring[_last_avail % used.ring.size()]);
277    if (_last_avail == avail.header.index)
278        return NULL;
279
280    VirtDescriptor::Index index(avail.ring[_last_avail % used.ring.size()]);
281    ++_last_avail;
282
283    VirtDescriptor *d(&descriptors[index]);
284    d->updateChain();
285
286    return d;
287}
288
289void
290VirtQueue::produceDescriptor(VirtDescriptor *desc, uint32_t len)
291{
292    used.readHeader();
293    DPRINTF(VIO, "produceDescriptor: dscIdx: %i, len: %i, used.idx: %i\n",
294            desc->index(), len, used.header.index);
295
296    struct vring_used_elem &e(used.ring[used.header.index % used.ring.size()]);
297    e.id = desc->index();
298    e.len = len;
299    used.header.index += 1;
300    used.write();
301}
302
303void
304VirtQueue::dump() const
305{
306    if (!DTRACE(VIO))
307        return;
308
309    for (const VirtDescriptor &d : descriptors)
310        d.dump();
311}
312
313void
314VirtQueue::onNotify()
315{
316    DPRINTF(VIO, "onNotify\n");
317
318    // Consume all pending descriptors from the input queue.
319    VirtDescriptor *d;
320    while ((d = consumeDescriptor()) != NULL)
321        onNotifyDescriptor(d);
322}
323
324
325VirtIODeviceBase::VirtIODeviceBase(Params *params, DeviceId id,
326                                   size_t config_size, FeatureBits features)
327    : SimObject(params),
328      guestFeatures(0),
329      deviceId(id), configSize(config_size), deviceFeatures(features),
330      _deviceStatus(0), _queueSelect(0),
331      transKick(NULL)
332{
333}
334
335
336VirtIODeviceBase::~VirtIODeviceBase()
337{
338}
339
340void
341VirtIODeviceBase::serialize(CheckpointOut &cp) const
342{
343    SERIALIZE_SCALAR(guestFeatures);
344    SERIALIZE_SCALAR(_deviceStatus);
345    SERIALIZE_SCALAR(_queueSelect);
346    for (QueueID i = 0; i < _queues.size(); ++i)
347        _queues[i]->serializeSection(cp, csprintf("_queues.%i", i));
348}
349
350void
351VirtIODeviceBase::unserialize(CheckpointIn &cp)
352{
353    UNSERIALIZE_SCALAR(guestFeatures);
354    UNSERIALIZE_SCALAR(_deviceStatus);
355    UNSERIALIZE_SCALAR(_queueSelect);
356    for (QueueID i = 0; i < _queues.size(); ++i)
357        _queues[i]->unserializeSection(cp, csprintf("_queues.%i", i));
358}
359
360void
361VirtIODeviceBase::reset()
362{
363    _queueSelect = 0;
364    guestFeatures = 0;
365    _deviceStatus = 0;
366
367    for (QueueID i = 0; i < _queues.size(); ++i)
368        _queues[i]->setAddress(0);
369}
370
371void
372VirtIODeviceBase::onNotify(QueueID idx)
373{
374    DPRINTF(VIO, "onNotify: idx: %i\n", idx);
375    if (idx >= _queues.size()) {
376        panic("Guest tried to notify queue (%i), but only %i "
377              "queues registered.\n",
378              idx, _queues.size());
379    }
380    _queues[idx]->onNotify();
381}
382
383void
384VirtIODeviceBase::setGuestFeatures(FeatureBits features)
385{
386    DPRINTF(VIO, "Setting guest features: 0x%x\n", features);
387    if (~deviceFeatures & features) {
388        panic("Guest tried to enable unsupported features:\n"
389              "Device features: 0x%x\n"
390              "Requested features: 0x%x\n",
391              deviceFeatures, features);
392    }
393    guestFeatures = features;
394}
395
396
397void
398VirtIODeviceBase::setDeviceStatus(DeviceStatus status)
399{
400    _deviceStatus = status;
401    DPRINTF(VIO, "ACK: %i, DRIVER: %i, DRIVER_OK: %i, FAILED: %i\n",
402            status.acknowledge, status.driver, status.driver_ok, status.failed);
403    if (status == 0)
404        reset();
405}
406
407void
408VirtIODeviceBase::readConfig(PacketPtr pkt, Addr cfgOffset)
409{
410    panic("Unhandled device config read (offset: 0x%x).\n", cfgOffset);
411}
412
413void
414VirtIODeviceBase::writeConfig(PacketPtr pkt, Addr cfgOffset)
415{
416    panic("Unhandled device config write (offset: 0x%x).\n", cfgOffset);
417}
418
419void
420VirtIODeviceBase::readConfigBlob(PacketPtr pkt, Addr cfgOffset, const uint8_t *cfg)
421{
422    const unsigned size(pkt->getSize());
423
424    if (cfgOffset + size > configSize)
425        panic("Config read out of bounds.\n");
426
427    pkt->makeResponse();
428    pkt->setData(const_cast<uint8_t *>(cfg) + cfgOffset);
429}
430
431void
432VirtIODeviceBase::writeConfigBlob(PacketPtr pkt, Addr cfgOffset, uint8_t *cfg)
433{
434    const unsigned size(pkt->getSize());
435
436    if (cfgOffset + size > configSize)
437        panic("Config write out of bounds.\n");
438
439    pkt->makeResponse();
440    pkt->writeData((uint8_t *)cfg + cfgOffset);
441}
442
443
444const VirtQueue &
445VirtIODeviceBase::getCurrentQueue() const
446{
447    if (_queueSelect >= _queues.size())
448        panic("Guest tried to access non-existing VirtQueue (%i).\n", _queueSelect);
449
450    return *_queues[_queueSelect];
451}
452
453VirtQueue &
454VirtIODeviceBase::getCurrentQueue()
455{
456    if (_queueSelect >= _queues.size())
457        panic("Guest tried to access non-existing VirtQueue (%i).\n", _queueSelect);
458
459    return *_queues[_queueSelect];
460}
461
462void
463VirtIODeviceBase::setQueueAddress(uint32_t address)
464{
465    getCurrentQueue().setAddress(address * VirtQueue::ALIGN_SIZE);
466}
467
468uint32_t
469VirtIODeviceBase::getQueueAddress() const
470{
471    Addr address(getCurrentQueue().getAddress());
472    assert(!(address & ((1 >> VirtQueue::ALIGN_BITS) - 1)));
473    return address >> VirtQueue::ALIGN_BITS;
474}
475
476void
477VirtIODeviceBase::registerQueue(VirtQueue &queue)
478{
479    _queues.push_back(&queue);
480}
481
482
483VirtIODummyDevice::VirtIODummyDevice(VirtIODummyDeviceParams *params)
484    : VirtIODeviceBase(params, ID_INVALID, 0, 0)
485{
486}
487
488VirtIODummyDevice *
489VirtIODummyDeviceParams::create()
490{
491    return new VirtIODummyDevice(this);
492}
493