process.cc revision 5289
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 2003-2006 The Regents of The University of Michigan 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are 7 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer; 9 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution; 12 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its 13 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from 14 * this software without specific prior written permission. 15 * 16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 17 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 18 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 19 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 20 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 21 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 22 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 23 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 24 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 25 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 26 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 27 * 28 * Authors: Gabe Black 29 * Ali Saidi 30 */ 31 32/* 33 * Copyright (c) 2007 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company 34 * All rights reserved. 35 * 36 * Redistribution and use of this software in source and binary forms, 37 * with or without modification, are permitted provided that the 38 * following conditions are met: 39 * 40 * The software must be used only for Non-Commercial Use which means any 41 * use which is NOT directed to receiving any direct monetary 42 * compensation for, or commercial advantage from such use. Illustrative 43 * examples of non-commercial use are academic research, personal study, 44 * teaching, education and corporate research & development. 45 * Illustrative examples of commercial use are distributing products for 46 * commercial advantage and providing services using the software for 47 * commercial advantage. 48 * 49 * If you wish to use this software or functionality therein that may be 50 * covered by patents for commercial use, please contact: 51 * Director of Intellectual Property Licensing 52 * Office of Strategy and Technology 53 * Hewlett-Packard Company 54 * 1501 Page Mill Road 55 * Palo Alto, California 94304 56 * 57 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 58 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions 59 * in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of 60 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or 61 * other materials provided with the distribution. Neither the name of 62 * the COPYRIGHT HOLDER(s), HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY, nor the names of its 63 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from 64 * this software without specific prior written permission. No right of 65 * sublicense is granted herewith. Derivatives of the software and 66 * output created using the software may be prepared, but only for 67 * Non-Commercial Uses. Derivatives of the software may be shared with 68 * others provided: (i) the others agree to abide by the list of 69 * conditions herein which includes the Non-Commercial Use restrictions; 70 * and (ii) such Derivatives of the software include the above copyright 71 * notice to acknowledge the contribution from this software where 72 * applicable, this list of conditions and the disclaimer below. 73 * 74 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 75 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 76 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 77 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 78 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 79 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 80 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 81 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 82 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 83 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 84 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 85 * 86 * Authors: Gabe Black 87 */ 88 89#include "arch/x86/isa_traits.hh" 90#include "arch/x86/process.hh" 91#include "arch/x86/segmentregs.hh" 92#include "arch/x86/types.hh" 93#include "base/loader/object_file.hh" 94#include "base/loader/elf_object.hh" 95#include "base/misc.hh" 96#include "base/trace.hh" 97#include "cpu/thread_context.hh" 98#include "mem/page_table.hh" 99#include "mem/translating_port.hh" 100#include "sim/process_impl.hh" 101#include "sim/system.hh" 102 103using namespace std; 104using namespace X86ISA; 105 106M5_64_auxv_t::M5_64_auxv_t(int64_t type, int64_t val) 107{ 108 a_type = TheISA::htog(type); 109 a_val = TheISA::htog(val); 110} 111 112X86LiveProcess::X86LiveProcess(LiveProcessParams * params, 113 ObjectFile *objFile) 114 : LiveProcess(params, objFile) 115{ 116 brk_point = objFile->dataBase() + objFile->dataSize() + objFile->bssSize(); 117 brk_point = roundUp(brk_point, VMPageSize); 118 119 // Set pointer for next thread stack. Reserve 8M for main stack. 120 next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - (8 * 1024 * 1024); 121 122 // Set up stack. On X86_64 Linux, stack goes from the top of memory 123 // downward, less the hole for the kernel address space plus one page 124 // for undertermined purposes. 125 stack_base = (Addr)0x7FFFFFFFF000ULL; 126 127 // Set up region for mmaps. This was determined empirically and may not 128 // always be correct. 129 mmap_start = mmap_end = (Addr)0x2aaaaaaab000ULL; 130} 131 132void X86LiveProcess::handleTrap(int trapNum, ThreadContext *tc) 133{ 134 switch(trapNum) 135 { 136 default: 137 panic("Unimplemented trap to operating system: trap number %#x.\n", trapNum); 138 } 139} 140 141void 142X86LiveProcess::startup() 143{ 144 if (checkpointRestored) 145 return; 146 147 argsInit(sizeof(IntReg), VMPageSize); 148 149 for (int i = 0; i < threadContexts.size(); i++) { 150 ThreadContext * tc = threadContexts[i]; 151 152 SegAttr dataAttr = 0; 153 dataAttr.writable = 1; 154 dataAttr.readable = 1; 155 dataAttr.expandDown = 0; 156 dataAttr.dpl = 3; 157 dataAttr.defaultSize = 0; 158 dataAttr.longMode = 1; 159 160 //Initialize the segment registers. 161 for(int seg = 0; seg < NUM_SEGMENTREGS; seg++) { 162 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_BASE(seg), 0); 163 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE(seg), 0); 164 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(seg), dataAttr); 165 } 166 167 SegAttr csAttr = 0; 168 csAttr.writable = 0; 169 csAttr.readable = 1; 170 csAttr.expandDown = 0; 171 csAttr.dpl = 3; 172 csAttr.defaultSize = 0; 173 csAttr.longMode = 1; 174 175 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CS_ATTR, csAttr); 176 177 //Set up the registers that describe the operating mode. 178 CR0 cr0 = 0; 179 cr0.pg = 1; // Turn on paging. 180 cr0.cd = 0; // Don't disable caching. 181 cr0.nw = 0; // This is bit is defined to be ignored. 182 cr0.am = 0; // No alignment checking 183 cr0.wp = 0; // Supervisor mode can write read only pages 184 cr0.ne = 1; 185 cr0.et = 1; // This should always be 1 186 cr0.ts = 0; // We don't do task switching, so causing fp exceptions 187 // would be pointless. 188 cr0.em = 0; // Allow x87 instructions to execute natively. 189 cr0.mp = 1; // This doesn't really matter, but the manual suggests 190 // setting it to one. 191 cr0.pe = 1; // We're definitely in protected mode. 192 tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0, cr0); 193 194 Efer efer = 0; 195 efer.sce = 1; // Enable system call extensions. 196 efer.lme = 1; // Enable long mode. 197 efer.lma = 1; // Activate long mode. 198 efer.nxe = 1; // Enable nx support. 199 efer.svme = 0; // Disable svm support for now. It isn't implemented. 200 efer.ffxsr = 1; // Turn on fast fxsave and fxrstor. 201 tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_EFER, efer); 202 } 203} 204 205void 206X86LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize) 207{ 208 typedef M5_64_auxv_t auxv_t; 209 Process::startup(); 210 211 string filename; 212 if(argv.size() < 1) 213 filename = ""; 214 else 215 filename = argv[0]; 216 217 //We want 16 byte alignment 218 uint64_t align = 16; 219 220 // load object file into target memory 221 objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem); 222 223 enum X86CpuFeature { 224 X86_OnboardFPU = 1 << 0, 225 X86_VirtualModeExtensions = 1 << 1, 226 X86_DebuggingExtensions = 1 << 2, 227 X86_PageSizeExtensions = 1 << 3, 228 229 X86_TimeStampCounter = 1 << 4, 230 X86_ModelSpecificRegisters = 1 << 5, 231 X86_PhysicalAddressExtensions = 1 << 6, 232 X86_MachineCheckExtensions = 1 << 7, 233 234 X86_CMPXCHG8Instruction = 1 << 8, 235 X86_OnboardAPIC = 1 << 9, 236 X86_SYSENTER_SYSEXIT = 1 << 11, 237 238 X86_MemoryTypeRangeRegisters = 1 << 12, 239 X86_PageGlobalEnable = 1 << 13, 240 X86_MachineCheckArchitecture = 1 << 14, 241 X86_CMOVInstruction = 1 << 15, 242 243 X86_PageAttributeTable = 1 << 16, 244 X86_36BitPSEs = 1 << 17, 245 X86_ProcessorSerialNumber = 1 << 18, 246 X86_CLFLUSHInstruction = 1 << 19, 247 248 X86_DebugTraceStore = 1 << 21, 249 X86_ACPIViaMSR = 1 << 22, 250 X86_MultimediaExtensions = 1 << 23, 251 252 X86_FXSAVE_FXRSTOR = 1 << 24, 253 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions = 1 << 25, 254 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions2 = 1 << 26, 255 X86_CPUSelfSnoop = 1 << 27, 256 257 X86_HyperThreading = 1 << 28, 258 X86_AutomaticClockControl = 1 << 29, 259 X86_IA64Processor = 1 << 30 260 }; 261 262 //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion. 263 //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables. 264 ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile); 265 if(elfObject) 266 { 267 uint64_t features = 268 X86_OnboardFPU | 269 X86_VirtualModeExtensions | 270 X86_DebuggingExtensions | 271 X86_PageSizeExtensions | 272 X86_TimeStampCounter | 273 X86_ModelSpecificRegisters | 274 X86_PhysicalAddressExtensions | 275 X86_MachineCheckExtensions | 276 X86_CMPXCHG8Instruction | 277 X86_OnboardAPIC | 278 X86_SYSENTER_SYSEXIT | 279 X86_MemoryTypeRangeRegisters | 280 X86_PageGlobalEnable | 281 X86_MachineCheckArchitecture | 282 X86_CMOVInstruction | 283 X86_PageAttributeTable | 284 X86_36BitPSEs | 285// X86_ProcessorSerialNumber | 286 X86_CLFLUSHInstruction | 287// X86_DebugTraceStore | 288// X86_ACPIViaMSR | 289 X86_MultimediaExtensions | 290 X86_FXSAVE_FXRSTOR | 291 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions | 292 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions2 | 293// X86_CPUSelfSnoop | 294// X86_HyperThreading | 295// X86_AutomaticClockControl | 296// X86_IA64Processor | 297 0; 298 299 //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities 300 //XXX Figure out what these should be 301 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_HWCAP, features)); 302 //The system page size 303 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PAGESZ, X86ISA::VMPageSize)); 304 //Frequency at which times() increments 305 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_CLKTCK, 100)); 306 // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the 307 // program header tables if they appear in the executable image 308 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable())); 309 // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file. 310 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize())); 311 // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file. 312 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount())); 313 //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source. 314 //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set 315 //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else 316 //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries. 317 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_BASE, 0)); 318 319 //XXX Figure out what this should be. 320 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_FLAGS, 0)); 321 //The entry point to the program 322 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint())); 323 //Different user and group IDs 324 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_UID, uid())); 325 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EUID, euid())); 326 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_GID, gid())); 327 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EGID, egid())); 328 //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable 329 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_SECURE, 0)); 330 //The string "x86_64" with unknown meaning 331 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PLATFORM, 0)); 332 } 333 334 //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be 335 336 // A sentry NULL void pointer at the top of the stack. 337 int sentry_size = intSize; 338 339 //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack 340 //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file. 341 int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1; 342 343 string platform = "x86_64"; 344 int aux_data_size = platform.size() + 1; 345 346 int env_data_size = 0; 347 for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) { 348 env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1; 349 } 350 int arg_data_size = 0; 351 for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) { 352 arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1; 353 } 354 355 //The info_block needs to be padded so it's size is a multiple of the 356 //alignment mask. Also, it appears that there needs to be at least some 357 //padding, so if the size is already a multiple, we need to increase it 358 //anyway. 359 int base_info_block_size = 360 sentry_size + file_name_size + env_data_size + arg_data_size; 361 362 int info_block_size = roundUp(base_info_block_size, align); 363 364 int info_block_padding = info_block_size - base_info_block_size; 365 366 //Each auxilliary vector is two 8 byte words 367 int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1); 368 369 int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1); 370 int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1); 371 372 int argc_size = intSize; 373 374 //Figure out the size of the contents of the actual initial frame 375 int frame_size = 376 aux_array_size + 377 envp_array_size + 378 argv_array_size + 379 argc_size; 380 381 //There needs to be padding after the auxiliary vector data so that the 382 //very bottom of the stack is aligned properly. 383 int partial_size = frame_size + aux_data_size; 384 int aligned_partial_size = roundUp(partial_size, align); 385 int aux_padding = aligned_partial_size - partial_size; 386 387 int space_needed = 388 info_block_size + 389 aux_data_size + 390 aux_padding + 391 frame_size; 392 393 stack_min = stack_base - space_needed; 394 stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, align); 395 stack_size = stack_base - stack_min; 396 397 // map memory 398 pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize), 399 roundUp(stack_size, pageSize)); 400 401 // map out initial stack contents 402 Addr sentry_base = stack_base - sentry_size; 403 Addr file_name_base = sentry_base - file_name_size; 404 Addr env_data_base = file_name_base - env_data_size; 405 Addr arg_data_base = env_data_base - arg_data_size; 406 Addr aux_data_base = arg_data_base - info_block_padding - aux_data_size; 407 Addr auxv_array_base = aux_data_base - aux_array_size - aux_padding; 408 Addr envp_array_base = auxv_array_base - envp_array_size; 409 Addr argv_array_base = envp_array_base - argv_array_size; 410 Addr argc_base = argv_array_base - argc_size; 411 412 DPRINTF(X86, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n"); 413 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base); 414 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base); 415 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base); 416 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - aux data\n", aux_data_base); 417 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base); 418 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base); 419 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base); 420 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base); 421 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min); 422 423 // write contents to stack 424 425 // figure out argc 426 uint64_t argc = argv.size(); 427 uint64_t guestArgc = TheISA::htog(argc); 428 429 //Write out the sentry void * 430 uint64_t sentry_NULL = 0; 431 initVirtMem->writeBlob(sentry_base, 432 (uint8_t*)&sentry_NULL, sentry_size); 433 434 //Write the file name 435 initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str()); 436 437 //Fix up the aux vector which points to the "platform" string 438 assert(auxv[auxv.size() - 1].a_type = M5_AT_PLATFORM); 439 auxv[auxv.size() - 1].a_val = aux_data_base; 440 441 //Copy the aux stuff 442 for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++) 443 { 444 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize, 445 (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize); 446 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize, 447 (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize); 448 } 449 //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector 450 const uint64_t zero = 0; 451 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(), 452 (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize); 453 454 initVirtMem->writeString(aux_data_base, platform.c_str()); 455 456 copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem); 457 copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem); 458 459 initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize); 460 461 //Set the stack pointer register 462 threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min); 463 464 Addr prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint(); 465 // There doesn't need to be any segment base added in since we're dealing 466 // with the flat segmentation model. 467 threadContexts[0]->setPC(prog_entry); 468 threadContexts[0]->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst)); 469 470 //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary. 471 stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize); 472 473// num_processes++; 474} 475