xref: /gem5/system/alpha/console/console.c

/* ******************************************
 * SimOS SRM  Console
 *
 * Derived from Lance Berc's SRM console
 * for the SRC XXM�Machine
 * ******************************************/


typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
typedef unsigned long long uint64;
typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
typedef unsigned int uint32;

#define CONSOLE
#include "alpha_access.h"
#include "machine_defs.h"

#if 0
#include "new_aouthdr.h"
#include "srcmax.h"
#endif

/* from ../h */
#include "lib.h"
#include "rpb.h"
#include "cserve.h"

#define CONS_INT_TX   0x01  /* interrupt enable / state bits */
#define CONS_INT_RX   0x02

#define KSEG   0xfffffc0000000000
#define K1BASE 0xfffffc8000000000
#define KSEG_TO_PHYS(x)(((ul)x) & ~KSEG)

#define CDR ((volatile DevConsoleRegisters *) \
             (__MAGIC_ZONE(0, 0, MAGIC_ZONE_BDOOR_DEV) + __MAGIC_BDOOR_CNSLE_OFFS))


#define PHYS_TO_K1(_x) (K1BASE|(_x))

#define AOUT_LOAD_ADDR (KSEG|0xf000)

#define ROUNDUP8(x) ((ul)(((ul)x)+7) & ~7)
#define ROUNDUP128(x) ((ul)(((ul)x)+127) & ~127)
#define ROUNDUP8K(x) ((ul)(((ul)(x))+8191) & ~8191)

#define FIRST(x)  ((((ul)(x)) >> 33) & 0x3ff)
#define SECOND(x) ((((ul)(x)) >> 23) & 0x3ff)
#define THIRD(x) ((((ul)(x)) >> 13) & 0x3ff)
#define THIRD_XXX(x)  ((((ul)(x)) >> 13) & 0xfff)
#define PFN(x)  ((((ul)(x) & ~KSEG) >> 13))

/* Kernel write | kernel read | valid */
#define KPTE(x) ((ul)((((ul)(x)) << 32) | 0x1101))

#define HWRPB_PAGES 4
#define MDT_BITMAP_PAGES  4

#define CSERVE_K_JTOKERN       0x18

#define NUM_KERNEL_THIRD (4)


static unixBoot(int go, int argc, char **argv);
void jToPal(ul bootadr);
void SlaveLoop(int cpu);


struct AlphaAccess simosConf;

/* **************************************************************
 * Console callbacks use VMS calling conventions
 * read AXP manual, 2-64.
 * ***************************************************************/
typedef struct OpenVMSFunc {
   long dummy;
   long func;
}OpenVMSFunc;

OpenVMSFunc callbackFunc, fixupFunc;




ul theLock;


extern void SpinLock(ul *lock);
#define SpinUnlock(_x) *(_x) = 0;

struct _kernel_params {
   char *bootadr;
   ul rpb_percpu;
   ul free_pfn;
   ul argc;
   ul argv;
   ul envp; /* NULL */
};


extern consoleCallback[];
extern consoleFixup[];
long CallBackDispatcher();
long CallBackFixup();

/*
 * simos console output
 */

void InitConsole(void)
{
#if 0
   CDR->intr_status =(DevRegister)(DEV_CNSLE_RX_INTR |DEV_CNSLE_TX_INTR);
#endif
}

char GetChar()
{
   struct AlphaAccess *k1Conf = (struct AlphaAccess *)(__MAGIC_ZONE(0, 0, MAGIC_ZONE_EV5_ALIAS));
   return k1Conf->inputChar;
}

void PutChar(char c)
{
#if 0
   CDR->data = c;
#endif
#if 0
   *(int*) PHYS_TO_K1(SLOT_D_COM1<<5) = c;
#endif
   struct AlphaAccess *k1Conf = (struct AlphaAccess *)(__MAGIC_ZONE(0, 0, MAGIC_ZONE_EV5_ALIAS));
   k1Conf->outputChar = c;

}


int
passArgs(int argc)
{ return 0; }

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   int x,i;
   struct AlphaAccess *k1Conf = (struct AlphaAccess *)(__MAGIC_ZONE(0, 0, MAGIC_ZONE_EV5_ALIAS));
   ui *k1ptr,*ksegptr;


   InitConsole();
   printf("SimOS console \n");
   /*
    * get configuration from backdoor
    */
   simosConf.last_offset = k1Conf->last_offset;
   printf(" Got simosConfiguration %d \n",simosConf.last_offset);

   for (i=1;i<=simosConf.last_offset/4;i++) {
      ui *k1ptr = (ui*)k1Conf + i;
      ui *ksegptr = (ui*)(&simosConf.last_offset)+i;
      *ksegptr = *k1ptr;

   }

   if (simosConf.version != ALPHA_ACCESS_VERSION)  {
      panic("Console version mismatch. Console expects %d. SimOS has %d \n",
            ALPHA_ACCESS_VERSION,simosConf.version);
   }


   /*
    * setup arguments to kernel
    */
   unixBoot(1,argc,argv);

   x = *(volatile int *)(K1BASE-4);
   while(1) continue;
   return x;
}

/*
 * BOOTING
 */
struct rpb xxm_rpb = {
   NULL,		/* 000: physical self-reference */
   ((long)'H') | (((long)'W') << 8) | (((long)'R') << 16) |
   ((long)'P' << 24) | (((long)'B') << 32),  /* 008: contains string "HWRPB" */
   6,			/* 010: HWRPB version number */
   /* the byte count is wrong, but who needs it? - lance */
   0,			/* 018: bytes in RPB perCPU CTB CRB MEDSC */
   0,			/* 020: primary cpu id */
   8192,		/* 028: page size in bytes */
   43,		/* 030: number of phys addr bits */
   127,		/* 038: max valid ASN */
   {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '1'},	/* 040: system serial num: 10 ascii chars */
#ifdef undef
/* To be legitimate, the following system type and variation are correct for the XXM.
   But there are too many #ifdefs etc to deal with in Unix, so we tell the kernel
   that we're an Avanti, which is similar enough.
   */
   31,		/* 050: system type - XXM is now in the Alpha SRM */
   (1 << 10) | (2<<1),/* 058: system variation - XXM w/EV5 & embeded console */
#endif
#if 0
   0x12,		/* 050: system type - masquarade as some random 21064 */
#endif
   34, /* masquerade a Tsunami RGD */
   (1<<10),		/* 058: system variation */
   'c'|('o'<<8)|('o'<<16)|('l'<< 24),		/* 060: system revision */
   1024*4096,		/* 068: scaled interval clock intr freq  OVERRIDEN*/
   0,			/* 070: cycle counter frequency */
   0x200000000,	/* 078: virtual page table base */
   0,			/* 080: reserved */
   0,			/* 088: offset to translation buffer hint */
   1,			/* 090: number of processor slots OVERRIDDEN*/
   sizeof(struct rpb_percpu),	/* 098: per-cpu slot size. OVERRIDDEN */
   0,			/* 0A0: offset to per_cpu slots */
   1,			/* 0A8: number of CTBs */
#ifdef bugnion_gone
   sizeof(struct rpb_ctb),	/* 0B0: bytes in largest CTB */
#else
   sizeof(struct ctb_tt),
#endif
   0,			/* 0B8: offset to CTB (cons term block) */
   0,			/* 0C0: offset to CRB (cons routine block) */
   0,			/* 0C8: offset to memory descriptor table */
   0,			/* 0D0: offset to config data block */
   0,			/* 0D8: offset to FRU table */
   0,			/* 0E0: virt addr of save term routine */
   0,			/* 0E8: proc value for save term routine */
   0,			/* 0F0: virt addr of restore term routine */
   0,			/* 0F8: proc value for restore term routine */
   0,			/* 100: virt addr of CPU restart routine */
   0,			/* 108: proc value for CPU restart routine */
   0,			/* 110: used to determine presence of kdebug */
   0,			/* 118: reserved for hardware */
/* the checksum is wrong, but who needs it? - lance */
   0,			/* 120: checksum of prior entries in rpb */
   0,			/* 128: receive ready bitmask */
   0,			/* 130: transmit ready bitmask */
   0,			/* 138: Dynamic System Recog. offset */
};

ul xxm_tbb[] = { 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e,
                 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e1e1e1e1e};

struct rpb_percpu xxm_rpb_percpu = {
   {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,{0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}},				/* 000: boot/restart HWPCB */
   (STATE_PA | STATE_PP | STATE_CV | STATE_PV | STATE_PMV | STATE_PL), 	/* 080: per-cpu state bits */
   0xc000,				/* 088: palcode memory length */
   0x2000,				/* 090: palcode scratch length */
   0x4000,				/* 098: phys addr of palcode mem space */
   0x2000,				/* 0A0: phys addr of palcode scratch space */
   (2 << 16) | (5 << 8) | 1,		/* 0A8: PALcode rev required */
   5 | (2L  << 32),				/* 0B0: processor type */
   7,					/* 0B8: processor variation */
   'D'|('a'<<8)|('v'<<16)|('e'<<24),	/* 0C0: processor revision */
   {'D','a','v','e','C','o','n','r','o','y',0,0,0,0,0,0},	/* 0C8: proc serial num: 10 ascii chars */
   0,					/* 0D8: phys addr of logout area */
   0,					/* 0E0: length in bytes of logout area */
   0,					/* 0E8: halt pcb base */
   0,					/* 0F0: halt pc */
   0,					/* 0F8: halt ps */
   0,					/* 100: halt arg list (R25) */
   0,					/* 108: halt return address (R26) */
   0,					/* 110: halt procedure value (R27) */
   0,		       			/* 118: reason for halt */
   0,		       			/* 120: for software */
   {0},				/* 128: inter-console communications buffer */
   {1,0,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},	/* 1D0: PALcode revs available */
   0					/* 250: reserved for arch use */
/* the dump stack grows from the end of the rpb page not to reach here */
};

struct _xxm_rpb_mdt {
   long   rpb_checksum;	/* 000: checksum of entire mem desc table */
   long   rpb_impaddr;		/* 008: PA of implementation dep info */
   long   rpb_numcl;		/* 010: number of clusters */
   struct rpb_cluster rpb_cluster[3];	/* first instance of a cluster */
};

struct _xxm_rpb_mdt xxm_rpb_mdt = {
   0,		/* 000: checksum of entire mem desc table */
   0,		/* 008: PA of implementation dep info */
   0,		/* 010: number of clusters */
   {{	0,		/* 000: starting PFN of this cluster */
        0,		/* 008: count of PFNs in this cluster */
        0,		/* 010: count of tested PFNs in cluster */
        0,		/* 018: va of bitmap */
        0,		/* 020: pa of bitmap */
        0,		/* 028: checksum of bitmap */
        1		/* 030: usage of cluster */
   },
    {   0,		/* 000: starting PFN of this cluster */
        0,		/* 008: count of PFNs in this cluster */
        0,		/* 010: count of tested PFNs in cluster */
        0,		/* 018: va of bitmap */
        0,		/* 020: pa of bitmap */
        0,		/* 028: checksum of bitmap */
        0		/* 030: usage of cluster */
    },
    {   0,		/* 000: starting PFN of this cluster */
        0,		/* 008: count of PFNs in this cluster */
        0,		/* 010: count of tested PFNs in cluster */
        0,		/* 018: va of bitmap */
        0,		/* 020: pa of bitmap */
        0,		/* 028: checksum of bitmap */
        0		/* 030: usage of cluster */
    }}
};

/* constants for slotinfo bus_type subfield */
#define SLOTINFO_TC	0
#define SLOTINFO_ISA	1
#define SLOTINFO_EISA	2
#define SLOTINFO_PCI	3

struct rpb_ctb xxm_rpb_ctb = {
   CONS_DZ,	/* 000: console type */
   0,		/* 008: console unit */
   0,		/* 010: reserved */
   0		/* 018: byte length of device dep portion */
};

/* we don't do any fixup (aka relocate the console) - we hope */
struct rpb_crb xxm_rpb_crb = {
   0,		/* va of call-back dispatch rtn */
   0,		/* pa of call-back dispatch rtn */
   0,		/* va of call-back fixup rtn */
   0,		/* pa of call-back fixup rtn */
   0,		/* number of entries in phys/virt map */
   0		/* Number of pages to be mapped */
};

struct _rpb_name {
   unsigned long length;
   char name[16];
};

extern struct _rpb_name xxm_name;

struct rpb_dsr xxm_rpb_dsr = {
   0,
   0,
   0,
};

struct _rpb_name xxm_name = {
   16,
   {'D','E','C',' ','S','R','C',' ','X','X','M',' ','D','G','C',0},
};

/* XXM has one LURT entry - 1050 is for workstations, 1100 is servers (and is needed for CXX) */
long xxm_lurt[10] = { 9, 12, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1100, 1100 };

ul unix_boot_mem;
unsigned long bootadr;
#if 0
unsigned long  aout_bss_addr, aout_bss_size, aout_entry, aout_text_start, aout_data_addr;
#endif
char **kargv;
int kargc;
ul free_pfn;
struct rpb_percpu *rpb_percpu;


#define MAX_CPUS 32

ul bootStrapImpure[MAX_CPUS];


char *unix_boot_alloc(int pages)
{
   char *ret = (char *) unix_boot_mem;
   unix_boot_mem += (pages * 8192);
   return ret;
}

ul *first = 0;
ul *third_rpb = 0;
ul *reservedFixup = 0;

int strcpy(char *dst, char *src);

struct rpb *rpb;

unixBoot(int go, int argc, char **argv)
{
   ul *second,  *third_kernel, ptr, *tbb, size, *percpu_logout;
   unsigned char *mdt_bitmap;
   long *lp1, *lp2, sum;
   int i, cl;
   int kern_first_page;
   int mem_size = simosConf.mem_size;

   int mem_pages = mem_size / 8192, cons_pages;
   ul kernel_bytes, ksp, kernel_end, *unix_kernel_stack, bss, ksp_bottom, ksp_top;
   struct rpb_ctb *rpb_ctb;
   struct ctb_tt *ctb_tt;
   struct rpb_dsr *rpb_dsr;
   struct rpb_crb *rpb_crb;
   struct _xxm_rpb_mdt *rpb_mdt;
   int *rpb_lurt;
   char *rpb_name;
   ul nextPtr;

   printf( "memsize %x pages %x \n",mem_size,mem_pages);



#ifdef notnow
   if (unixArgs()) return;
#endif

   /* Allocate:
    *   two pages for the HWRPB
    *   five page table pages:
    *     1: First level page table
    *     1: Second level page table
    *     1: Third level page table for HWRPB
    *     2: Third level page table for kernel (for up to 16MB)
    * set up the page tables
    * load the kernel at the physical address 0x230000
    * build the HWRPB
    *   set up memory descriptor table to give up the
    *   physical memory between the end of the page
    *   tables and the start of the kernel
    * enable kseg addressing
    * jump to the kernel
    */

   unix_boot_mem = ROUNDUP8K(&_end);

   printf("First free page after ROM 0x%x\n", unix_boot_mem);

   rpb = (struct rpb *) unix_boot_alloc( HWRPB_PAGES);

   mdt_bitmap =  (unsigned char *) unix_boot_alloc(MDT_BITMAP_PAGES);
   first = (ul *)unix_boot_alloc(1);
   second = (ul *)unix_boot_alloc(1);
   third_rpb = (ul *)unix_boot_alloc(1);
   reservedFixup = (ul*) unix_boot_alloc(1);
   third_kernel = (ul *)unix_boot_alloc(NUM_KERNEL_THIRD);
   percpu_logout = (ul*)unix_boot_alloc(1);


   cons_pages = KSEG_TO_PHYS(unix_boot_mem) / 8192;

   /* Set up the page tables */
   bzero((char *)first, 8192);
   bzero((char *)second, 8192);
   bzero((char *)reservedFixup,8192);
   bzero((char *)third_rpb, HWRPB_PAGES * 8192);
   bzero((char *)third_kernel, 8192 * NUM_KERNEL_THIRD);

   first[0] = KPTE(PFN(second));
   first[1] = KPTE(PFN(first)); /* Region 3 */

   second[SECOND(0x10000000)] = KPTE(PFN(third_rpb));	/* Region 0 */
   for (i=0;i<NUM_KERNEL_THIRD;i++) {
      second[SECOND(0x20000000)+i] = KPTE(PFN(third_kernel)+i);	/* Region 1 */
   }
   second[SECOND(0x40000000)] = KPTE(PFN(second));	/* Region 2 */


   {

      /* For some obscure reason, Dec Unix's database read
       * from /etc/sysconfigtab is written to this fixed
       * mapped memory location. Go figure, since it is
       * not initialized by the console. Maybe it is
       * to look at the database from the console
       * after a boot/crash.
       *
       * Black magic to estimate the max size. SEGVs on overflow
       * bugnion
       */

#define DATABASE_BASE           0x20000000
#ifdef not_not
#define DATABASE_END            0x20230000 /* don't need all that */
#endif

#define DATABASE_END            0x20020000

      int i;
      ul *dbPage = (ul*)unix_boot_alloc(1);
      second[SECOND(DATABASE_BASE)] = KPTE(PFN(dbPage));
      for (i=DATABASE_BASE; i <DATABASE_END ; i+= 8096) {
         ul *db = (ul*)unix_boot_alloc(1);
         dbPage[THIRD(i)] = KPTE(PFN(db));
      }
   }

   /* Region 0 */
   /* Map the HWRPB */
   for (i = 0; i < HWRPB_PAGES; i++) third_rpb[i] = KPTE(PFN(rpb) + i);

   /* Map the MDT bitmap table */
   for (i=0;i<MDT_BITMAP_PAGES;i++) {
      third_rpb[HWRPB_PAGES+i] = KPTE(PFN(mdt_bitmap)+i);
   }

   /* Protect the PAL pages */
   for (i = 1; i < PFN(first); i++) third_rpb[HWRPB_PAGES + MDT_BITMAP_PAGES + i] = KPTE(i);

   /* Set up third_kernel after it's loaded, when we know where it is */

#ifdef original__xxm
   if (unixLoadKernel(AOUT_LOAD_ADDR, argv[1]) == -1) return;
   aoutfixup(AOUT_LOAD_ADDR);
#else
   /* aoutfixup(simosConf.kernelFileHdr); */
#endif
#if 0
   bss = aout_bss_addr;

   kern_first_page = (KSEG_TO_PHYS(aout_text_start) / 8192);
   kernel_end = ksp_top = ROUNDUP8K(aout_bss_addr + aout_bss_size);
   bootadr = aout_entry;
#endif

   kern_first_page = (KSEG_TO_PHYS(simosConf.kernStart)/8192);
   kernel_end = ksp_top = ROUNDUP8K(simosConf.kernEnd);
   bootadr = simosConf.entryPoint;


   printf("HWRPB 0x%x l1pt 0x%x l2pt 0x%x l3pt_rpb 0x%x l3pt_kernel 0x%x l2reserv 0x%x\n",
          rpb, first, second, third_rpb, third_kernel,reservedFixup);
   if (kernel_end - simosConf.kernStart > (0x800000*NUM_KERNEL_THIRD)) {
      printf("Kernel is more than 8MB 0x%x - 0x%x = 0x%x\n",
             kernel_end, simosConf.kernStart,
             kernel_end -simosConf.kernStart );
      panic("kernel too big\n");

   }
   /* Map the kernel's pages into the third level of region 2 */

   for (ptr = simosConf.kernStart; ptr < kernel_end; ptr += 8192) {

      third_kernel[THIRD_XXX(ptr)] = KPTE(PFN(ptr));
   }
   /* blow 2 pages of phys mem for guards since it maintains 1-to-1 mapping */
   ksp = ksp_top + (3 * 8192);
   if (ksp - simosConf.kernStart > (0x800000*NUM_KERNEL_THIRD)) {
      printf("Kernel stack pushd us over 8MB\n");
      panic("ksp too big\n");
   }
   if (THIRD_XXX((ul)ksp_top) >  NUM_KERNEL_THIRD * 1024) {
      panic("increase NUM_KERNEL_THIRD, and change THIRD_XXX\n");
   }
   ptr = (ul) ksp_top;
   bzero((char *)ptr, 8192 * 2);
   third_kernel[THIRD_XXX(ptr)] = 0;			/* Stack Guard Page */
   ptr += 8192;
   third_kernel[THIRD_XXX(ptr)] = KPTE(PFN(ptr));	/* Kernel Stack Pages */
   ptr += 8192;
   third_kernel[THIRD_XXX(ptr)] = KPTE(PFN(ptr));
   ptr += 8192;
   third_kernel[THIRD_XXX(ptr)] = 0;			/* Stack Guard Page */

   /* put argv into the bottom of the stack - argv starts at 1 because
    * the command thatr got us here (i.e. "unixboot) is in argv[0].
    */
   ksp -= 8;			/* Back up one longword */
   ksp -= argc * sizeof(char *);	/* Make room for argv */
   kargv = (char **) ksp;
   for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {	/* Copy arguments to stack */
      ksp -= ((strlen(argv[i]) + 1) + 7) & ~0x7;
      kargv[i-1] = (char *) ksp;
      strcpy(kargv[i-1], argv[i]);
   }
   kargc = i - 1;
   kargv[kargc] = NULL;		/* just to be sure; doesn't seem to be used */
   ksp -= sizeof(char *);	/* point above last arg for no real reason */

   free_pfn = PFN(ptr);

   bcopy((char *)&xxm_rpb, (char *)rpb, sizeof(struct rpb));

   rpb->rpb_selfref = (struct rpb *) KSEG_TO_PHYS(rpb);
   rpb->rpb_string = 0x0000004250525748;

   tbb = (ul *) (((char *) rpb) + ROUNDUP8(sizeof(struct rpb)));
   rpb->rpb_trans_off = (ul)tbb - (ul)rpb;
   bcopy((char *)xxm_tbb, (char *)tbb, sizeof(xxm_tbb));


   /*
    * rpb_counter. Use to determine timeouts in OS.
    * XXX must be patched after a checkpoint restore (I guess)
    */

   printf("CPU Clock at %d MHz IntrClockFrequency=%d \n", simosConf.cpuClock,simosConf.intrClockFrequency);
   rpb->rpb_counter = simosConf.cpuClock * 1000 * 1000;

   /*
    * By definition, the rpb_clock is scaled by 4096 (in hz)
    */
   rpb->rpb_clock = simosConf.intrClockFrequency * 4096;



   /*
    * Per CPU Slots. Multiprocessor support.
    */
   {
      int i;
      int size = ROUNDUP128(sizeof(struct rpb_percpu));

      printf("Booting with %d processor(s) \n",simosConf.numCPUs);

      rpb->rpb_numprocs = simosConf.numCPUs;
      rpb->rpb_slotsize = size;
      rpb_percpu = (struct rpb_percpu *)
         ROUNDUP128(((ul) tbb) +(sizeof(xxm_tbb)));

      rpb->rpb_percpu_off = (ul)rpb_percpu - (ul)rpb;

      for (i=0;i<simosConf.numCPUs;i++) {
         struct rpb_percpu *thisCPU = (struct rpb_percpu*)
            ((ul)rpb_percpu + size*i);

         bzero((char *)thisCPU, size);
         bcopy((char *)&xxm_rpb_percpu,
               (char *)thisCPU,
               sizeof(struct rpb_percpu));

         thisCPU->rpb_pcb.rpb_ksp = ksp;
         thisCPU->rpb_pcb.rpb_ptbr = PFN(first);

         thisCPU->rpb_logout = KSEG_TO_PHYS(percpu_logout);
         thisCPU->rpb_logout_len = 8192;

/*  thisCPU->rpb_pcb.rpb_ptbr = PFN(second);*/

         printf("KSP: 0x%x PTBR 0x%x\n", thisCPU->rpb_pcb.rpb_ksp, thisCPU->rpb_pcb.rpb_ptbr);

         if (i) {
            bootStrapImpure[i] = (ul)unix_boot_alloc(1);
         }

      }

      nextPtr = (ul)rpb_percpu + size*simosConf.numCPUs;
   }

   /*
    * Console Terminal Block
    */


      rpb_ctb = (struct rpb_ctb *) nextPtr;
      ctb_tt = (struct ctb_tt*) rpb_ctb;

      rpb->rpb_ctb_off = ((ul)rpb_ctb) - (ul)rpb;
      rpb->rpb_ctb_size  = sizeof(struct rpb_ctb);

   bzero((char *)rpb_ctb, sizeof(struct ctb_tt));

#ifdef original_xxm
   if (tga_slot == -1)
      rpb_ctb->rpb_type = CONS_DZ;
  else {
    rpb_ctb->rpb_type = CONS_GRPH;
    rpb_ctb->rpb_unit = (SLOTINFO_PCI << 16) | (0 << 8) | tga_slot;
  }
#else
  rpb_ctb->rpb_type = CONS_DZ;
#endif

  rpb_ctb->rpb_length = sizeof(ctb_tt)-sizeof(rpb_ctb);

  /*
   * uart initizliation
   */
  ctb_tt->ctb_csr = 0;
  ctb_tt->ctb_tivec = 0x6c0;  /* matches tlaser pal code */
  ctb_tt->ctb_rivec = 0x680;  /* matches tlaser pal code */
  ctb_tt->ctb_baud = 9600;
  ctb_tt->ctb_put_sts = 0;
  ctb_tt->ctb_get_sts = 0;


  rpb_crb = (struct rpb_crb *) (((ul)rpb_ctb) + sizeof(struct ctb_tt));
  rpb->rpb_crb_off = ((ul)rpb_crb) - (ul)rpb;

  bzero((char *)rpb_crb, sizeof(struct rpb_crb));
  /*
   * console callback stuff (simos)
   */

  rpb_crb->rpb_num = 1;
  rpb_crb->rpb_mapped_pages = HWRPB_PAGES;
  rpb_crb->rpb_map[0].rpb_virt = 0x10000000;
  rpb_crb->rpb_map[0].rpb_phys = ((ul)rpb) & ~0x1fff;
  rpb_crb->rpb_map[0].rpb_pgcount = HWRPB_PAGES;


  printf("Console Callback at 0x%x, fixup at 0x%x \n",
          rpb_crb->rpb_va_disp,
          rpb_crb->rpb_va_fixup );

  rpb_mdt = (struct _xxm_rpb_mdt *) (((ul)rpb_crb) + sizeof(struct rpb_crb));
  rpb->rpb_mdt_off = (ul)rpb_mdt - (ul)rpb;
  bcopy((char *)&xxm_rpb_mdt, (char *)rpb_mdt, sizeof(struct _xxm_rpb_mdt));


  cl = 0;
#ifdef undef
  /* Until Digital Unix can handle it, account all pages below the kernel
   * as "console" memory. */
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfncount = cons_pages;
#endif
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfncount = kern_first_page;
  cl++;

  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfn = kern_first_page;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfncount = mem_pages - kern_first_page;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfntested=rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfncount;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pa = KSEG_TO_PHYS(mdt_bitmap);
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_va = 0x10000000 + HWRPB_PAGES * 8192;
  cl++;

#ifdef undef
  /* The stupid Unix kernel needs to have all mdt clusters in ascending
   * order, and the last cluster is used to compute the top of memory.
   * It can't make use of memory between the console and the kernel.
   */
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfn = cons_pages;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfncount = kern_first_page - cons_pages;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfntested=rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pfncount;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_pa = KSEG_TO_PHYS(mdt_bitmap);
  rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl].rpb_va = 0x10000000 + HWRPB_PAGES * 8192;
  cl++;
#endif

  rpb_mdt->rpb_numcl = cl;

  for (i = 0; i < cl; i++)
    printf("Memory cluster %d [%d - %d]\n", i, rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[i].rpb_pfn, rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[i].rpb_pfncount);



  /* Checksum the rpb for good luck */
  sum = 0;
  lp1 = (long *)&rpb_mdt->rpb_impaddr;
  lp2 = (long *)&rpb_mdt->rpb_cluster[cl];
  while (lp1 < lp2) sum += *lp1++;
  rpb_mdt->rpb_checksum = sum;

  /* XXX should checksum the cluster descriptors */

  bzero((char *)mdt_bitmap, MDT_BITMAP_PAGES * 8192);
  for (i = 0; i < mem_pages/8; i++) ((unsigned char *)mdt_bitmap)[i] = 0xff;

  printf("Initalizing mdt_bitmap addr 0x%x mem_pages %x \n",
         (long)mdt_bitmap,(long)mem_pages);

  xxm_rpb.rpb_config_off = 0;
  xxm_rpb.rpb_fru_off = 0;

  rpb_dsr = (struct rpb_dsr *) (((ul)rpb_mdt) + sizeof(struct _xxm_rpb_mdt));
  rpb->rpb_dsr_off = ((ul)rpb_dsr) - (ul)rpb;
  bzero((char *)rpb_dsr, sizeof(struct rpb_dsr));
  rpb_dsr->rpb_smm = 1578; /* Official XXM SMM number as per SRM */
  rpb_dsr->rpb_smm = 1089; /* Official Alcor SMM number as per SRM */

  rpb_lurt = (int *) ROUNDUP8(((ul)rpb_dsr) + sizeof(struct rpb_dsr));
  rpb_dsr->rpb_lurt_off = ((ul) rpb_lurt) - (ul) rpb_dsr;
  bcopy((char *)xxm_lurt, (char *)rpb_lurt, sizeof(xxm_lurt));

  rpb_name = (char *) ROUNDUP8(((ul)rpb_lurt) + sizeof(xxm_lurt));
  rpb_dsr->rpb_sysname_off = ((ul) rpb_name) - (ul) rpb_dsr;
#define THENAME "             SimOS ALPHA/EV5"
  sum = sizeof(THENAME);
  bcopy(THENAME, rpb_name, sum);
  *(ul *)rpb_name = sizeof(THENAME); /* put in length field */

  /* calculate size of rpb */
  rpb->rpb_size = ((ul) &rpb_name[sum]) - (ul)rpb;

  if (rpb->rpb_size > 8192*HWRPB_PAGES) {
     panic("HWRPB_PAGES=%d too small for HWRPB !!! \n");
  }


 {
     ul *ptr = (ul*)((char*)rpb_dsr + sizeof(struct rpb_dsr ));
     rpb_crb->rpb_pa_disp = KSEG_TO_PHYS(ptr);
#if 0
     rpb_crb->rpb_va_disp = 0x10000000 + ((ul)ptr&(0x2000*HWRPB_PAGES-1));
#else
     rpb_crb->rpb_va_disp = 0x10000000 + ((ul)ptr & 0x1fff);
#endif
     printf("ConsoleDispatch at virt %x phys %x val %x\n",
             rpb_crb->rpb_va_disp,
            rpb_crb->rpb_pa_disp,
            consoleCallback);
     *ptr++ = 0;
     *ptr++ = (ul) consoleCallback;
     rpb_crb->rpb_pa_fixup = KSEG_TO_PHYS(ptr);
#if 0
     rpb_crb->rpb_va_fixup = 0x10000000 + ((ul)ptr& (0x2000*HWRPB_PAGES-1));
#else
     rpb_crb->rpb_va_fixup = 0x10000000 + ((ul)ptr & 0x1fff);
#endif
     *ptr++ = 0;
     *ptr++ = (ul) consoleFixup;
  }


  /* Checksum the rpb for good luck */
  sum = 0;
  lp1 = (long *)rpb;
  lp2 = &rpb->rpb_checksum;
  while (lp1 < lp2)
    sum += *lp1++;
  *lp2 = sum;


  /*
   * MP bootstrap
   */

  {
     int i;
     for (i=1;i<simosConf.numCPUs;i++) {
        volatile struct AlphaAccess *k1Conf = (volatile struct AlphaAccess *)
           (__MAGIC_ZONE(0, 0, MAGIC_ZONE_EV5_ALIAS));
        SpinLock(&theLock);
        printf("Bootstraping CPU %d with sp=0x%x \n",
               i,bootStrapImpure[i]);
        SpinUnlock(&theLock);
        k1Conf->bootStrapImpure = bootStrapImpure[i];
        k1Conf->bootStrapCPU = i;
     }
  }

  /*
   * Make sure that we are not stepping on the kernel
   */
  if ((ul)unix_boot_mem >= (ul)simosConf.kernStart) {
     panic("CONSOLE: too much memory. Smashing kernel  \n");
  } else {
     SpinLock(&theLock);
     printf("unix_boot_mem ends at %x \n",unix_boot_mem);
     SpinUnlock(&theLock);
  }


#ifdef undef
#define CSERVE_K_JTOKERN	0x18
  cServe(bootadr, (ul) rpb_percpu, CSERVE_K_JTOKERN, free_pfn);
#endif

  if (go) JToKern(bootadr, rpb_percpu, free_pfn, kargc, kargv, NULL);
}


#if 0
aoutfixup(char *p)
{
  int i;
  unsigned long rem, len, off, dst;


  struct new_aouthdr *ao = (struct new_aouthdr *) &p[NEW_FILHSZ];
#if 0
  struct scnhdr *s = (struct scnhdr *) &p[FILHSZ + AOUTHSZ];
  struct scnhdr *t, *d, *b;
  printf("aoutfixup: %d sections \n",fh->f_nscns);
#endif


  aout_text_start = ((ul)ao->text_start_hi<<32) + ao->text_start;
  aout_data_addr = ((ul)ao->data_start_hi<<32) + ao->data_start;
  aout_bss_addr = ((ul)ao->bss_start_hi<<32) + ao->bss_start;
  aout_bss_size = ((ul)ao->bsize_hi<<32) +  ao->bsize;
  aout_entry = ((ul)ao->entry_hi<<32) + ao->entry;

  printf("_text 0x%16x %8d @ %08d\n", aout_text_start, ao->tsize,0 /* t->s_scnptr*/);
  printf("_data 0x%16x %8d @ %08d\n", aout_data_addr, ao->dsize,0/* d->s_scnptr*/);
  printf("_bss  0x%16x %8d\n", aout_bss_addr,  ao->bsize);
  printf("entry 0x%16x\n", aout_entry);
#if 0
  for (i = 0; i < fh->f_nscns; i++) {
     printf("section %d %s \n",i,s[i].s_name);
    if (!strcmp(s[i].s_name, ".text")) t = &s[i];
    else if (!strcmp(s[i].s_name, ".data")) d = &s[i];
    else if (!strcmp(s[i].s_name, ".bss")) b = &s[i];
  }
  bcopy(&p[t->s_scnptr], (char *)ao->text_start, ao->tsize);
  bcopy(&p[d->s_scnptr], (char *)ao->data_start, ao->dsize);
#endif
}
#endif

extern ui palJToKern[];

JToKern(bootadr, rpb_percpu, free_pfn, k_argc, k_argv, envp)
char * bootadr;
ul rpb_percpu;
ul free_pfn;
ul k_argc;
char **k_argv;
char **envp;
{
  struct _kernel_params *kernel_params = (struct _kernel_params *) KSEG;
  int i;

  printf("k_argc = %d ", k_argc);
  for (i = 0; i < k_argc; i++) {
    printf("'%s' ", k_argv[i]);
  }
  printf("\n");

/*  rpb_percpu |= 0xfffffc0000000000;*/
  kernel_params->bootadr = bootadr;
  kernel_params->rpb_percpu = KSEG_TO_PHYS(rpb_percpu);
  kernel_params->free_pfn = free_pfn;
  kernel_params->argc = k_argc;
  kernel_params->argv = (ul)k_argv;
  kernel_params->envp = (ul)envp;
  printf("jumping to kernel at 0x%x, (PCBB 0x%x pfn %d)\n", bootadr, rpb_percpu, free_pfn);
  jToPal(KSEG_TO_PHYS((ul)palJToKern));
  printf("returned from jToPal. Looping\n");
  while(1) continue;
}


void jToPal(ul bootadr)
{
  cServe(bootadr, 0, CSERVE_K_JTOPAL);

/*
 * Make sure that floating point is enabled incase
 * it was disabled by the user program.
 */
  wrfen(1);
}


int strcpy(char *dst, char *src)
{
   int i=0;
   while(*src) {
      *dst++ = *src++;
      i++;
   }
   return i;
}




/* *****************************************
 * Console I/O
 * ******************************************/

int numOpenDevices = 11;
struct {
   char name[128];
} deviceState[32];

#define BOOTDEVICE_NAME "SCSI 1 0 0 1 100 0"

void
DeviceOperation(long op, long channel, long count, long address, long block)
{
   struct AlphaAccess *k1Conf = (struct AlphaAccess *)
      (__MAGIC_ZONE(0, 0, MAGIC_ZONE_EV5_ALIAS));

   long pAddr;

#if 0
   printf("Console::DeviceRead count=0x%x address=0x%x block=0x%x\n",
          count,address,block);
#endif

   if (strcmp(deviceState[channel].name, BOOTDEVICE_NAME )) {
      panic("DeviceRead: only implemented for root disk \n");
   }
   pAddr = KSEG_TO_PHYS(address);
   if (pAddr + count > simosConf.mem_size) {
      panic("DeviceRead: request out of range \n");
   }

   k1Conf->diskCount = count;
   k1Conf->diskPAddr = pAddr;
   k1Conf->diskBlock = block;
   k1Conf->diskOperation = op; /* launch */
}



/* *************************************************************************
 * SimoS Console callbacks
 * **************************************************/

/* AXP manual 2-31 */
#define CONSCB_GETC 0x1
#define CONSCB_PUTS 0x2
#define CONSCB_RESET_TERM 0x3
#define CONSCB_SET_TERM_INT 0x4
#define CONSCB_SET_TERM_CTL 0x5
#define CONSCB_PROCESS_KEY 0x6
#define CONSCB_OPEN_CONSOLE 0x7
#define CONSCB_CLOSE_CONSOLE 0x8

#define CONSCB_OPEN 0x10
#define CONSCB_CLOSE 0x11
#define CONSCB_READ 0x13

#define CONSCB_GETENV 0x22

/* AXP manual 2-26 */
#define	ENV_AUTO_ACTION		0X01
#define	ENV_BOOT_DEV		0X02
#define	ENV_BOOTDEF_DEV		0X03
#define	ENV_BOOTED_DEV		0X04
#define	ENV_BOOT_FILE		0X05
#define	ENV_BOOTED_FILE		0X06
#define	ENV_BOOT_OSFLAGS	0X07
#define	ENV_BOOTED_OSFLAGS	0X08
#define	ENV_BOOT_RESET		0X09
#define	ENV_DUMP_DEV		0X0A
#define	ENV_ENABLE_AUDIT	0X0B
#define	ENV_LICENSE		0X0C
#define	ENV_CHAR_SET		0X0D
#define	ENV_LANGUAGE		0X0E
#define	ENV_TTY_DEV		0X0F
#define	ENV_SCSIID		0X42
#define	ENV_SCSIFAST		0X43
#define	ENV_COM1_BAUD		0X44
#define	ENV_COM1_MODEM		0X45
#define	ENV_COM1_FLOW		0X46
#define	ENV_COM1_MISC		0X47
#define	ENV_COM2_BAUD		0X48
#define	ENV_COM2_MODEM		0X49
#define	ENV_COM2_FLOW		0X4A
#define	ENV_COM2_MISC		0X4B
#define	ENV_PASSWORD		0X4C
#define	ENV_SECURE		0X4D
#define	ENV_LOGFAIL		0X4E
#define	ENV_SRM2DEV_ID		0X4F

#define MAX_ENVLEN 32

char	env_auto_action[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "BOOT";
char	env_boot_dev[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_bootdef_dev[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_booted_dev[MAX_ENVLEN]	= BOOTDEVICE_NAME;
char	env_boot_file[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_booted_file[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_boot_osflags[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_booted_osflags[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_boot_reset[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_dump_dev[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_enable_audit[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_license[MAX_ENVLEN]		= "";
char	env_char_set[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_language[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_tty_dev[MAX_ENVLEN]		= "0";
char	env_scsiid[MAX_ENVLEN]		= "";
char	env_scsifast[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com1_baud[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com1_modem[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com1_flow[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com1_misc[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com2_baud[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com2_modem[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com2_flow[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_com2_misc[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_password[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";
char	env_secure[MAX_ENVLEN]		= "";
char	env_logfail[MAX_ENVLEN]		= "";
char	env_srm2dev_id[MAX_ENVLEN]	= "";

#define MAX_ENV_INDEX 100
char *env_ptr[MAX_ENV_INDEX] =
{
    0,					/* 0x00 */
    env_auto_action,			/* 0x01 */
    env_boot_dev,			/* 0x02 */
    env_bootdef_dev,			/* 0x03 */
    env_booted_dev,			/* 0x04 */
    env_boot_file,			/* 0x05 */
    env_booted_file,			/* 0x06 */
    env_boot_osflags,			/* 0x07 */
    env_booted_osflags,			/* 0x08 */
    env_boot_reset,			/* 0x09 */
    env_dump_dev,			/* 0x0A */
    env_enable_audit,			/* 0x0B */
    env_license,			/* 0x0C */
    env_char_set,			/* 0x0D */
    (char *)&env_language,		/* 0x0E */
    env_tty_dev,			/* 0x0F */
    0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,	/* 0x10 - 0x1F */
    0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,	/* 0x20 - 0x2F */
    0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,	/* 0x30 - 0x3F */
    0,					/* 0x40 */
    0,					/* 0x41 */
    env_scsiid,				/* 0x42 */
    env_scsifast,			/* 0x43 */
    env_com1_baud,			/* 0x44 */
    env_com1_modem,			/* 0x45 */
    env_com1_flow,			/* 0x46 */
    env_com1_misc,			/* 0x47 */
    env_com2_baud,			/* 0x48 */
    env_com2_modem,			/* 0x49 */
    env_com2_flow,			/* 0x4A */
    env_com2_misc,			/* 0x4B */
    env_password,			/* 0x4C */
    env_secure,				/* 0x4D */
    env_logfail,			/* 0x4E */
    env_srm2dev_id,			/* 0x4F */
    0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,	/* 0x50 - 0x5F */
    0,					/* 0x60 */
    0,					/* 0x61 */
    0,					/* 0x62 */
    0,					/* 0x63 */
};

long
CallBackDispatcher(long a0, long a1, long a2, long a3, long a4)
{
   long i;
   switch (a0) {
   case CONSCB_GETC:
     return GetChar();

   case CONSCB_PUTS:
      for(i = 0; i < a3; i++)
         PutChar(*((char *)a2+i));
      return a3;

   case CONSCB_GETENV:
     if (a1 >= 0 && a1 < MAX_ENV_INDEX && env_ptr[a1] != 0 && *env_ptr[a1]) {
         i = strcpy((char*)a2, env_ptr[a1]);
     } else {
         strcpy((char*)a2, "");
         i = (long)0xc000000000000000;
         if (a1 >= 0 && a1 < MAX_ENV_INDEX)
             printf ("GETENV unsupported option %d (0x%x)\n", a1, a1);
         else
             printf ("GETENV unsupported option %s\n", a1);
     }

     if (i > a3)
         panic("CONSCB_GETENV overwrote buffer\n");
     return i;

   case CONSCB_OPEN:
      bcopy((char*)a1,deviceState[numOpenDevices].name,a2);
      deviceState[numOpenDevices].name[a2] = '\0';
      printf("CONSOLE OPEN : %s --> success \n",
             deviceState[numOpenDevices].name);
      return numOpenDevices++;

   case CONSCB_READ:
      DeviceOperation(a0,a1,a2,a3,a4);
      break;

   case CONSCB_CLOSE:
      break;
   case CONSCB_OPEN_CONSOLE:
      printf("CONSOLE OPEN\n");
      return 0; /* success */
      break; /* not rearched */
   case CONSCB_CLOSE_CONSOLE:
      printf("CONSOLE CLOSE\n");
      return 0; /* success */
      break; /* not reached */

   default:
      panic("cher (%x,%x,%x,%x)\n", a0, a1, a2, a3);
   }

   return 0;
}

long CallBackFixup(int a0, int a1, int a2)
{
   long temp;
   /* Linux uses r8 for the current pointer (pointer to data structure
      contating info about currently running process). It is set when the
      kernel starts and is expected to remain there... Problem is that the
      unlike the kernel, the console does not prevent the assembler from
      using r8. So here is a work around. So far this has only been a problem
      in CallBackFixup() but any other call back functions could cause a problem
      at some point */

   /* save off the current pointer to a temp variable */
   asm("bis $8, $31, %0" : "=r" (temp));

   /* call original code */
   printf("CallbackFixup %x %x, t7=%x\n",a0,a1,temp);

   /* restore the current pointer */
   asm("bis %0, $31, $8" : : "r" (temp) : "$8");

#if 0
  if (first[FIRST(a1)]==0) {
      first[FIRST(a1)] = KPTE(PFN(reservedFixup));
   } else {
      panic("CallBakcfixup\n");
   }
   second[SECOND(a1)] = KPTE(PFN(third_rpb));	/* Region 0 */
   printf("Fixup: FISRT(a1)=0x%x SECOND(a1)=0x%x THIRD(a1)=0x%x\n",
          FIRST(a1),SECOND(a1),THIRD(a1));

#endif
   return 0;
}





void SlaveCmd(int cpu, struct rpb_percpu *my_rpb)
{
/*   extern void palJToSlave[]; */
   extern unsigned int palJToSlave[];


   my_rpb->rpb_state |= STATE_BIP;
   my_rpb->rpb_state &= ~STATE_RC;

   SpinLock(&theLock);
   printf("SlaveCmd: restart %x %x vptb %x my_rpb %x my_rpb_phys %x\n",
          rpb->rpb_restart,
          rpb->rpb_restart_pv,
          rpb->rpb_vptb, my_rpb,
          KSEG_TO_PHYS(my_rpb));
   SpinUnlock(&theLock);

   cServe(KSEG_TO_PHYS((ul)palJToSlave),
          (ul)rpb->rpb_restart,
          CSERVE_K_JTOPAL,
          rpb->rpb_restart_pv,
          rpb->rpb_vptb,
          KSEG_TO_PHYS(my_rpb));
}

void SlaveLoop( int cpu)
{
   int size = ROUNDUP128(sizeof(struct rpb_percpu));
   struct rpb_percpu *my_rpb = (struct rpb_percpu*)
      ((ul)rpb_percpu + size*cpu);


   SpinLock(&theLock);
   if (cpu==0) {
      panic("CPU�0 entering slaveLoop. Reenetering the console. HOSED \n");
   } else {
      printf("Entering slaveloop for cpu %d my_rpb=%x \n",cpu,my_rpb);
   }
   SpinUnlock(&theLock);
   while(1) {
      int i;
      for (i=0; i < 1000000 ; i++) {
         if (my_rpb->rpb_iccb.iccb_rxlen) {
            SpinLock(&theLock);
            printf("Slave CPU %d console command %s",
                   cpu,my_rpb->rpb_iccb.iccb_rxbuf);
            SpinUnlock(&theLock);
            SlaveCmd(cpu,my_rpb);
            panic("SlaveCmd returned \n");
         }
      }
      printf("*");
   }
}