xref: /gem5/src/cpu/o3/fetch_impl.hh

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010-2014 ARM Limited
 * Copyright (c) 2012-2013 AMD
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
 * not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
 * property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
 * to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
 * licensed hereunder.  You may use the software subject to the license
 * terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
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 * modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 The Regents of The University of Michigan
 * All rights reserved.
 *
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 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * Authors: Kevin Lim
 *          Korey Sewell
 */

#ifndef __CPU_O3_FETCH_IMPL_HH__
#define __CPU_O3_FETCH_IMPL_HH__

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <queue>

#include "arch/generic/tlb.hh"
#include "arch/isa_traits.hh"
#include "arch/utility.hh"
#include "arch/vtophys.hh"
#include "base/random.hh"
#include "base/types.hh"
#include "config/the_isa.hh"
#include "cpu/base.hh"
//#include "cpu/checker/cpu.hh"
#include "cpu/o3/fetch.hh"
#include "cpu/exetrace.hh"
#include "debug/Activity.hh"
#include "debug/Drain.hh"
#include "debug/Fetch.hh"
#include "debug/O3PipeView.hh"
#include "mem/packet.hh"
#include "params/DerivO3CPU.hh"
#include "sim/byteswap.hh"
#include "sim/core.hh"
#include "sim/eventq.hh"
#include "sim/full_system.hh"
#include "sim/system.hh"
#include "cpu/o3/isa_specific.hh"

using namespace std;

template<class Impl>
DefaultFetch<Impl>::DefaultFetch(O3CPU *_cpu, DerivO3CPUParams *params)
    : fetchPolicy(params->smtFetchPolicy),
      cpu(_cpu),
      branchPred(nullptr),
      decodeToFetchDelay(params->decodeToFetchDelay),
      renameToFetchDelay(params->renameToFetchDelay),
      iewToFetchDelay(params->iewToFetchDelay),
      commitToFetchDelay(params->commitToFetchDelay),
      fetchWidth(params->fetchWidth),
      decodeWidth(params->decodeWidth),
      retryPkt(NULL),
      retryTid(InvalidThreadID),
      cacheBlkSize(cpu->cacheLineSize()),
      fetchBufferSize(params->fetchBufferSize),
      fetchBufferMask(fetchBufferSize - 1),
      fetchQueueSize(params->fetchQueueSize),
      numThreads(params->numThreads),
      numFetchingThreads(params->smtNumFetchingThreads),
      finishTranslationEvent(this)
{
    if (numThreads > Impl::MaxThreads)
        fatal("numThreads (%d) is larger than compiled limit (%d),\n"
              "\tincrease MaxThreads in src/cpu/o3/impl.hh\n",
              numThreads, static_cast<int>(Impl::MaxThreads));
    if (fetchWidth > Impl::MaxWidth)
        fatal("fetchWidth (%d) is larger than compiled limit (%d),\n"
             "\tincrease MaxWidth in src/cpu/o3/impl.hh\n",
             fetchWidth, static_cast<int>(Impl::MaxWidth));
    if (fetchBufferSize > cacheBlkSize)
        fatal("fetch buffer size (%u bytes) is greater than the cache "
              "block size (%u bytes)\n", fetchBufferSize, cacheBlkSize);
    if (cacheBlkSize % fetchBufferSize)
        fatal("cache block (%u bytes) is not a multiple of the "
              "fetch buffer (%u bytes)\n", cacheBlkSize, fetchBufferSize);

    // Figure out fetch policy
    panic_if(fetchPolicy == FetchPolicy::SingleThread && numThreads > 1,
             "Invalid Fetch Policy for a SMT workload.");

    // Get the size of an instruction.
    instSize = sizeof(TheISA::MachInst);

    for (int i = 0; i < Impl::MaxThreads; i++) {
        fetchStatus[i] = Idle;
        decoder[i] = nullptr;
        pc[i] = 0;
        fetchOffset[i] = 0;
        macroop[i] = nullptr;
        delayedCommit[i] = false;
        memReq[i] = nullptr;
        stalls[i] = {false, false};
        fetchBuffer[i] = NULL;
        fetchBufferPC[i] = 0;
        fetchBufferValid[i] = false;
        lastIcacheStall[i] = 0;
        issuePipelinedIfetch[i] = false;
    }

    branchPred = params->branchPred;

    for (ThreadID tid = 0; tid < numThreads; tid++) {
        decoder[tid] = new TheISA::Decoder(params->isa[tid]);
        // Create space to buffer the cache line data,
        // which may not hold the entire cache line.
        fetchBuffer[tid] = new uint8_t[fetchBufferSize];
    }
}

template <class Impl>
std::string
DefaultFetch<Impl>::name() const
{
    return cpu->name() + ".fetch";
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::regProbePoints()
{
    ppFetch = new ProbePointArg<DynInstPtr>(cpu->getProbeManager(), "Fetch");
    ppFetchRequestSent = new ProbePointArg<RequestPtr>(cpu->getProbeManager(),
                                                       "FetchRequest");

}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::regStats()
{
    icacheStallCycles
        .name(name() + ".icacheStallCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch is stalled on an Icache miss")
        .prereq(icacheStallCycles);

    fetchedInsts
        .name(name() + ".Insts")
        .desc("Number of instructions fetch has processed")
        .prereq(fetchedInsts);

    fetchedBranches
        .name(name() + ".Branches")
        .desc("Number of branches that fetch encountered")
        .prereq(fetchedBranches);

    predictedBranches
        .name(name() + ".predictedBranches")
        .desc("Number of branches that fetch has predicted taken")
        .prereq(predictedBranches);

    fetchCycles
        .name(name() + ".Cycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch has run and was not squashing or"
              " blocked")
        .prereq(fetchCycles);

    fetchSquashCycles
        .name(name() + ".SquashCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch has spent squashing")
        .prereq(fetchSquashCycles);

    fetchTlbCycles
        .name(name() + ".TlbCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch has spent waiting for tlb")
        .prereq(fetchTlbCycles);

    fetchIdleCycles
        .name(name() + ".IdleCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch was idle")
        .prereq(fetchIdleCycles);

    fetchBlockedCycles
        .name(name() + ".BlockedCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch has spent blocked")
        .prereq(fetchBlockedCycles);

    fetchedCacheLines
        .name(name() + ".CacheLines")
        .desc("Number of cache lines fetched")
        .prereq(fetchedCacheLines);

    fetchMiscStallCycles
        .name(name() + ".MiscStallCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch has spent waiting on interrupts, or "
              "bad addresses, or out of MSHRs")
        .prereq(fetchMiscStallCycles);

    fetchPendingDrainCycles
        .name(name() + ".PendingDrainCycles")
        .desc("Number of cycles fetch has spent waiting on pipes to drain")
        .prereq(fetchPendingDrainCycles);

    fetchNoActiveThreadStallCycles
        .name(name() + ".NoActiveThreadStallCycles")
        .desc("Number of stall cycles due to no active thread to fetch from")
        .prereq(fetchNoActiveThreadStallCycles);

    fetchPendingTrapStallCycles
        .name(name() + ".PendingTrapStallCycles")
        .desc("Number of stall cycles due to pending traps")
        .prereq(fetchPendingTrapStallCycles);

    fetchPendingQuiesceStallCycles
        .name(name() + ".PendingQuiesceStallCycles")
        .desc("Number of stall cycles due to pending quiesce instructions")
        .prereq(fetchPendingQuiesceStallCycles);

    fetchIcacheWaitRetryStallCycles
        .name(name() + ".IcacheWaitRetryStallCycles")
        .desc("Number of stall cycles due to full MSHR")
        .prereq(fetchIcacheWaitRetryStallCycles);

    fetchIcacheSquashes
        .name(name() + ".IcacheSquashes")
        .desc("Number of outstanding Icache misses that were squashed")
        .prereq(fetchIcacheSquashes);

    fetchTlbSquashes
        .name(name() + ".ItlbSquashes")
        .desc("Number of outstanding ITLB misses that were squashed")
        .prereq(fetchTlbSquashes);

    fetchNisnDist
        .init(/* base value */ 0,
              /* last value */ fetchWidth,
              /* bucket size */ 1)
        .name(name() + ".rateDist")
        .desc("Number of instructions fetched each cycle (Total)")
        .flags(Stats::pdf);

    idleRate
        .name(name() + ".idleRate")
        .desc("Percent of cycles fetch was idle")
        .prereq(idleRate);
    idleRate = fetchIdleCycles * 100 / cpu->numCycles;

    branchRate
        .name(name() + ".branchRate")
        .desc("Number of branch fetches per cycle")
        .flags(Stats::total);
    branchRate = fetchedBranches / cpu->numCycles;

    fetchRate
        .name(name() + ".rate")
        .desc("Number of inst fetches per cycle")
        .flags(Stats::total);
    fetchRate = fetchedInsts / cpu->numCycles;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::setTimeBuffer(TimeBuffer<TimeStruct> *time_buffer)
{
    timeBuffer = time_buffer;

    // Create wires to get information from proper places in time buffer.
    fromDecode = timeBuffer->getWire(-decodeToFetchDelay);
    fromRename = timeBuffer->getWire(-renameToFetchDelay);
    fromIEW = timeBuffer->getWire(-iewToFetchDelay);
    fromCommit = timeBuffer->getWire(-commitToFetchDelay);
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::setActiveThreads(std::list<ThreadID> *at_ptr)
{
    activeThreads = at_ptr;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::setFetchQueue(TimeBuffer<FetchStruct> *ftb_ptr)
{
    // Create wire to write information to proper place in fetch time buf.
    toDecode = ftb_ptr->getWire(0);
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::startupStage()
{
    assert(priorityList.empty());
    resetStage();

    // Fetch needs to start fetching instructions at the very beginning,
    // so it must start up in active state.
    switchToActive();
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::resetStage()
{
    numInst = 0;
    interruptPending = false;
    cacheBlocked = false;

    priorityList.clear();

    // Setup PC and nextPC with initial state.
    for (ThreadID tid = 0; tid < numThreads; ++tid) {
        fetchStatus[tid] = Running;
        pc[tid] = cpu->pcState(tid);
        fetchOffset[tid] = 0;
        macroop[tid] = NULL;

        delayedCommit[tid] = false;
        memReq[tid] = NULL;

        stalls[tid].decode = false;
        stalls[tid].drain = false;

        fetchBufferPC[tid] = 0;
        fetchBufferValid[tid] = false;

        fetchQueue[tid].clear();

        priorityList.push_back(tid);
    }

    wroteToTimeBuffer = false;
    _status = Inactive;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::processCacheCompletion(PacketPtr pkt)
{
    ThreadID tid = cpu->contextToThread(pkt->req->contextId());

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%u] Waking up from cache miss.\n", tid);
    assert(!cpu->switchedOut());

    // Only change the status if it's still waiting on the icache access
    // to return.
    if (fetchStatus[tid] != IcacheWaitResponse ||
        pkt->req != memReq[tid]) {
        ++fetchIcacheSquashes;
        delete pkt;
        return;
    }

    memcpy(fetchBuffer[tid], pkt->getConstPtr<uint8_t>(), fetchBufferSize);
    fetchBufferValid[tid] = true;

    // Wake up the CPU (if it went to sleep and was waiting on
    // this completion event).
    cpu->wakeCPU();

    DPRINTF(Activity, "[tid:%u] Activating fetch due to cache completion\n",
            tid);

    switchToActive();

    // Only switch to IcacheAccessComplete if we're not stalled as well.
    if (checkStall(tid)) {
        fetchStatus[tid] = Blocked;
    } else {
        fetchStatus[tid] = IcacheAccessComplete;
    }

    pkt->req->setAccessLatency();
    cpu->ppInstAccessComplete->notify(pkt);
    // Reset the mem req to NULL.
    delete pkt;
    memReq[tid] = NULL;
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::drainResume()
{
    for (ThreadID i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
        stalls[i].decode = false;
        stalls[i].drain = false;
    }
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::drainSanityCheck() const
{
    assert(isDrained());
    assert(retryPkt == NULL);
    assert(retryTid == InvalidThreadID);
    assert(!cacheBlocked);
    assert(!interruptPending);

    for (ThreadID i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
        assert(!memReq[i]);
        assert(fetchStatus[i] == Idle || stalls[i].drain);
    }

    branchPred->drainSanityCheck();
}

template <class Impl>
bool
DefaultFetch<Impl>::isDrained() const
{
    /* Make sure that threads are either idle of that the commit stage
     * has signaled that draining has completed by setting the drain
     * stall flag. This effectively forces the pipeline to be disabled
     * until the whole system is drained (simulation may continue to
     * drain other components).
     */
    for (ThreadID i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
        // Verify fetch queues are drained
        if (!fetchQueue[i].empty())
            return false;

        // Return false if not idle or drain stalled
        if (fetchStatus[i] != Idle) {
            if (fetchStatus[i] == Blocked && stalls[i].drain)
                continue;
            else
                return false;
        }
    }

    /* The pipeline might start up again in the middle of the drain
     * cycle if the finish translation event is scheduled, so make
     * sure that's not the case.
     */
    return !finishTranslationEvent.scheduled();
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::takeOverFrom()
{
    assert(cpu->getInstPort().isConnected());
    resetStage();

}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::drainStall(ThreadID tid)
{
    assert(cpu->isDraining());
    assert(!stalls[tid].drain);
    DPRINTF(Drain, "%i: Thread drained.\n", tid);
    stalls[tid].drain = true;
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::wakeFromQuiesce()
{
    DPRINTF(Fetch, "Waking up from quiesce\n");
    // Hopefully this is safe
    // @todo: Allow other threads to wake from quiesce.
    fetchStatus[0] = Running;
}

template <class Impl>
inline void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::switchToActive()
{
    if (_status == Inactive) {
        DPRINTF(Activity, "Activating stage.\n");

        cpu->activateStage(O3CPU::FetchIdx);

        _status = Active;
    }
}

template <class Impl>
inline void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::switchToInactive()
{
    if (_status == Active) {
        DPRINTF(Activity, "Deactivating stage.\n");

        cpu->deactivateStage(O3CPU::FetchIdx);

        _status = Inactive;
    }
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::deactivateThread(ThreadID tid)
{
    // Update priority list
    auto thread_it = std::find(priorityList.begin(), priorityList.end(), tid);
    if (thread_it != priorityList.end()) {
        priorityList.erase(thread_it);
    }
}

template <class Impl>
bool
DefaultFetch<Impl>::lookupAndUpdateNextPC(
        const DynInstPtr &inst, TheISA::PCState &nextPC)
{
    // Do branch prediction check here.
    // A bit of a misnomer...next_PC is actually the current PC until
    // this function updates it.
    bool predict_taken;

    if (!inst->isControl()) {
        TheISA::advancePC(nextPC, inst->staticInst);
        inst->setPredTarg(nextPC);
        inst->setPredTaken(false);
        return false;
    }

    ThreadID tid = inst->threadNumber;
    predict_taken = branchPred->predict(inst->staticInst, inst->seqNum,
                                        nextPC, tid);

    if (predict_taken) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: [sn:%i]:  Branch predicted to be taken to %s.\n",
                tid, inst->seqNum, nextPC);
    } else {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: [sn:%i]:Branch predicted to be not taken.\n",
                tid, inst->seqNum);
    }

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: [sn:%i] Branch predicted to go to %s.\n",
            tid, inst->seqNum, nextPC);
    inst->setPredTarg(nextPC);
    inst->setPredTaken(predict_taken);

    ++fetchedBranches;

    if (predict_taken) {
        ++predictedBranches;
    }

    return predict_taken;
}

template <class Impl>
bool
DefaultFetch<Impl>::fetchCacheLine(Addr vaddr, ThreadID tid, Addr pc)
{
    Fault fault = NoFault;

    assert(!cpu->switchedOut());

    // @todo: not sure if these should block translation.
    //AlphaDep
    if (cacheBlocked) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i] Can't fetch cache line, cache blocked\n",
                tid);
        return false;
    } else if (checkInterrupt(pc) && !delayedCommit[tid]) {
        // Hold off fetch from getting new instructions when:
        // Cache is blocked, or
        // while an interrupt is pending and we're not in PAL mode, or
        // fetch is switched out.
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i] Can't fetch cache line, interrupt pending\n",
                tid);
        return false;
    }

    // Align the fetch address to the start of a fetch buffer segment.
    Addr fetchBufferBlockPC = fetchBufferAlignPC(vaddr);

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i] Fetching cache line %#x for addr %#x\n",
            tid, fetchBufferBlockPC, vaddr);

    // Setup the memReq to do a read of the first instruction's address.
    // Set the appropriate read size and flags as well.
    // Build request here.
    RequestPtr mem_req = std::make_shared<Request>(
        tid, fetchBufferBlockPC, fetchBufferSize,
        Request::INST_FETCH, cpu->instMasterId(), pc,
        cpu->thread[tid]->contextId());

    mem_req->taskId(cpu->taskId());

    memReq[tid] = mem_req;

    // Initiate translation of the icache block
    fetchStatus[tid] = ItlbWait;
    FetchTranslation *trans = new FetchTranslation(this);
    cpu->itb->translateTiming(mem_req, cpu->thread[tid]->getTC(),
                              trans, BaseTLB::Execute);
    return true;
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::finishTranslation(const Fault &fault,
                                      const RequestPtr &mem_req)
{
    ThreadID tid = cpu->contextToThread(mem_req->contextId());
    Addr fetchBufferBlockPC = mem_req->getVaddr();

    assert(!cpu->switchedOut());

    // Wake up CPU if it was idle
    cpu->wakeCPU();

    if (fetchStatus[tid] != ItlbWait || mem_req != memReq[tid] ||
        mem_req->getVaddr() != memReq[tid]->getVaddr()) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i] Ignoring itlb completed after squash\n",
                tid);
        ++fetchTlbSquashes;
        return;
    }


    // If translation was successful, attempt to read the icache block.
    if (fault == NoFault) {
        // Check that we're not going off into random memory
        // If we have, just wait around for commit to squash something and put
        // us on the right track
        if (!cpu->system->isMemAddr(mem_req->getPaddr())) {
            warn("Address %#x is outside of physical memory, stopping fetch\n",
                    mem_req->getPaddr());
            fetchStatus[tid] = NoGoodAddr;
            memReq[tid] = NULL;
            return;
        }

        // Build packet here.
        PacketPtr data_pkt = new Packet(mem_req, MemCmd::ReadReq);
        data_pkt->dataDynamic(new uint8_t[fetchBufferSize]);

        fetchBufferPC[tid] = fetchBufferBlockPC;
        fetchBufferValid[tid] = false;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "Fetch: Doing instruction read.\n");

        fetchedCacheLines++;

        // Access the cache.
        if (!cpu->getInstPort().sendTimingReq(data_pkt)) {
            assert(retryPkt == NULL);
            assert(retryTid == InvalidThreadID);
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i] Out of MSHRs!\n", tid);

            fetchStatus[tid] = IcacheWaitRetry;
            retryPkt = data_pkt;
            retryTid = tid;
            cacheBlocked = true;
        } else {
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Doing Icache access.\n", tid);
            DPRINTF(Activity, "[tid:%i]: Activity: Waiting on I-cache "
                    "response.\n", tid);
            lastIcacheStall[tid] = curTick();
            fetchStatus[tid] = IcacheWaitResponse;
            // Notify Fetch Request probe when a packet containing a fetch
            // request is successfully sent
            ppFetchRequestSent->notify(mem_req);
        }
    } else {
        // Don't send an instruction to decode if we can't handle it.
        if (!(numInst < fetchWidth) || !(fetchQueue[tid].size() < fetchQueueSize)) {
            assert(!finishTranslationEvent.scheduled());
            finishTranslationEvent.setFault(fault);
            finishTranslationEvent.setReq(mem_req);
            cpu->schedule(finishTranslationEvent,
                          cpu->clockEdge(Cycles(1)));
            return;
        }
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i] Got back req with addr %#x but expected %#x\n",
                tid, mem_req->getVaddr(), memReq[tid]->getVaddr());
        // Translation faulted, icache request won't be sent.
        memReq[tid] = NULL;

        // Send the fault to commit.  This thread will not do anything
        // until commit handles the fault.  The only other way it can
        // wake up is if a squash comes along and changes the PC.
        TheISA::PCState fetchPC = pc[tid];

        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Translation faulted, building noop.\n", tid);
        // We will use a nop in ordier to carry the fault.
        DynInstPtr instruction = buildInst(tid, StaticInst::nopStaticInstPtr,
                                           NULL, fetchPC, fetchPC, false);
        instruction->setNotAnInst();

        instruction->setPredTarg(fetchPC);
        instruction->fault = fault;
        wroteToTimeBuffer = true;

        DPRINTF(Activity, "Activity this cycle.\n");
        cpu->activityThisCycle();

        fetchStatus[tid] = TrapPending;

        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Blocked, need to handle the trap.\n", tid);
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: fault (%s) detected @ PC %s.\n",
                tid, fault->name(), pc[tid]);
    }
    _status = updateFetchStatus();
}

template <class Impl>
inline void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::doSquash(const TheISA::PCState &newPC,
                             const DynInstPtr squashInst, ThreadID tid)
{
    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Squashing, setting PC to: %s.\n",
            tid, newPC);

    pc[tid] = newPC;
    fetchOffset[tid] = 0;
    if (squashInst && squashInst->pcState().instAddr() == newPC.instAddr())
        macroop[tid] = squashInst->macroop;
    else
        macroop[tid] = NULL;
    decoder[tid]->reset();

    // Clear the icache miss if it's outstanding.
    if (fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheWaitResponse) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Squashing outstanding Icache miss.\n",
                tid);
        memReq[tid] = NULL;
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == ItlbWait) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Squashing outstanding ITLB miss.\n",
                tid);
        memReq[tid] = NULL;
    }

    // Get rid of the retrying packet if it was from this thread.
    if (retryTid == tid) {
        assert(cacheBlocked);
        if (retryPkt) {
            delete retryPkt;
        }
        retryPkt = NULL;
        retryTid = InvalidThreadID;
    }

    fetchStatus[tid] = Squashing;

    // Empty fetch queue
    fetchQueue[tid].clear();

    // microops are being squashed, it is not known wheather the
    // youngest non-squashed microop was  marked delayed commit
    // or not. Setting the flag to true ensures that the
    // interrupts are not handled when they cannot be, though
    // some opportunities to handle interrupts may be missed.
    delayedCommit[tid] = true;

    ++fetchSquashCycles;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::squashFromDecode(const TheISA::PCState &newPC,
                                     const DynInstPtr squashInst,
                                     const InstSeqNum seq_num, ThreadID tid)
{
    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Squashing from decode.\n", tid);

    doSquash(newPC, squashInst, tid);

    // Tell the CPU to remove any instructions that are in flight between
    // fetch and decode.
    cpu->removeInstsUntil(seq_num, tid);
}

template<class Impl>
bool
DefaultFetch<Impl>::checkStall(ThreadID tid) const
{
    bool ret_val = false;

    if (stalls[tid].drain) {
        assert(cpu->isDraining());
        DPRINTF(Fetch,"[tid:%i]: Drain stall detected.\n",tid);
        ret_val = true;
    }

    return ret_val;
}

template<class Impl>
typename DefaultFetch<Impl>::FetchStatus
DefaultFetch<Impl>::updateFetchStatus()
{
    //Check Running
    list<ThreadID>::iterator threads = activeThreads->begin();
    list<ThreadID>::iterator end = activeThreads->end();

    while (threads != end) {
        ThreadID tid = *threads++;

        if (fetchStatus[tid] == Running ||
            fetchStatus[tid] == Squashing ||
            fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheAccessComplete) {

            if (_status == Inactive) {
                DPRINTF(Activity, "[tid:%i]: Activating stage.\n",tid);

                if (fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheAccessComplete) {
                    DPRINTF(Activity, "[tid:%i]: Activating fetch due to cache"
                            "completion\n",tid);
                }

                cpu->activateStage(O3CPU::FetchIdx);
            }

            return Active;
        }
    }

    // Stage is switching from active to inactive, notify CPU of it.
    if (_status == Active) {
        DPRINTF(Activity, "Deactivating stage.\n");

        cpu->deactivateStage(O3CPU::FetchIdx);
    }

    return Inactive;
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::squash(const TheISA::PCState &newPC,
                           const InstSeqNum seq_num, DynInstPtr squashInst,
                           ThreadID tid)
{
    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%u]: Squash from commit.\n", tid);

    doSquash(newPC, squashInst, tid);

    // Tell the CPU to remove any instructions that are not in the ROB.
    cpu->removeInstsNotInROB(tid);
}

template <class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::tick()
{
    list<ThreadID>::iterator threads = activeThreads->begin();
    list<ThreadID>::iterator end = activeThreads->end();
    bool status_change = false;

    wroteToTimeBuffer = false;

    for (ThreadID i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
        issuePipelinedIfetch[i] = false;
    }

    while (threads != end) {
        ThreadID tid = *threads++;

        // Check the signals for each thread to determine the proper status
        // for each thread.
        bool updated_status = checkSignalsAndUpdate(tid);
        status_change =  status_change || updated_status;
    }

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "Running stage.\n");

    if (FullSystem) {
        if (fromCommit->commitInfo[0].interruptPending) {
            interruptPending = true;
        }

        if (fromCommit->commitInfo[0].clearInterrupt) {
            interruptPending = false;
        }
    }

    for (threadFetched = 0; threadFetched < numFetchingThreads;
         threadFetched++) {
        // Fetch each of the actively fetching threads.
        fetch(status_change);
    }

    // Record number of instructions fetched this cycle for distribution.
    fetchNisnDist.sample(numInst);

    if (status_change) {
        // Change the fetch stage status if there was a status change.
        _status = updateFetchStatus();
    }

    // Issue the next I-cache request if possible.
    for (ThreadID i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
        if (issuePipelinedIfetch[i]) {
            pipelineIcacheAccesses(i);
        }
    }

    // Send instructions enqueued into the fetch queue to decode.
    // Limit rate by fetchWidth.  Stall if decode is stalled.
    unsigned insts_to_decode = 0;
    unsigned available_insts = 0;

    for (auto tid : *activeThreads) {
        if (!stalls[tid].decode) {
            available_insts += fetchQueue[tid].size();
        }
    }

    // Pick a random thread to start trying to grab instructions from
    auto tid_itr = activeThreads->begin();
    std::advance(tid_itr, random_mt.random<uint8_t>(0, activeThreads->size() - 1));

    while (available_insts != 0 && insts_to_decode < decodeWidth) {
        ThreadID tid = *tid_itr;
        if (!stalls[tid].decode && !fetchQueue[tid].empty()) {
            const auto& inst = fetchQueue[tid].front();
            toDecode->insts[toDecode->size++] = inst;
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i][sn:%i]: Sending instruction to decode from "
                    "fetch queue. Fetch queue size: %i.\n",
                    tid, inst->seqNum, fetchQueue[tid].size());

            wroteToTimeBuffer = true;
            fetchQueue[tid].pop_front();
            insts_to_decode++;
            available_insts--;
        }

        tid_itr++;
        // Wrap around if at end of active threads list
        if (tid_itr == activeThreads->end())
            tid_itr = activeThreads->begin();
    }

    // If there was activity this cycle, inform the CPU of it.
    if (wroteToTimeBuffer) {
        DPRINTF(Activity, "Activity this cycle.\n");
        cpu->activityThisCycle();
    }

    // Reset the number of the instruction we've fetched.
    numInst = 0;
}

template <class Impl>
bool
DefaultFetch<Impl>::checkSignalsAndUpdate(ThreadID tid)
{
    // Update the per thread stall statuses.
    if (fromDecode->decodeBlock[tid]) {
        stalls[tid].decode = true;
    }

    if (fromDecode->decodeUnblock[tid]) {
        assert(stalls[tid].decode);
        assert(!fromDecode->decodeBlock[tid]);
        stalls[tid].decode = false;
    }

    // Check squash signals from commit.
    if (fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].squash) {

        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%u]: Squashing instructions due to squash "
                "from commit.\n",tid);
        // In any case, squash.
        squash(fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].pc,
               fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].doneSeqNum,
               fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].squashInst, tid);

        // If it was a branch mispredict on a control instruction, update the
        // branch predictor with that instruction, otherwise just kill the
        // invalid state we generated in after sequence number
        if (fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].mispredictInst &&
            fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].mispredictInst->isControl()) {
            branchPred->squash(fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].doneSeqNum,
                              fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].pc,
                              fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].branchTaken,
                              tid);
        } else {
            branchPred->squash(fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].doneSeqNum,
                              tid);
        }

        return true;
    } else if (fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].doneSeqNum) {
        // Update the branch predictor if it wasn't a squashed instruction
        // that was broadcasted.
        branchPred->update(fromCommit->commitInfo[tid].doneSeqNum, tid);
    }

    // Check squash signals from decode.
    if (fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].squash) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%u]: Squashing instructions due to squash "
                "from decode.\n",tid);

        // Update the branch predictor.
        if (fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].branchMispredict) {
            branchPred->squash(fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].doneSeqNum,
                              fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].nextPC,
                              fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].branchTaken,
                              tid);
        } else {
            branchPred->squash(fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].doneSeqNum,
                              tid);
        }

        if (fetchStatus[tid] != Squashing) {

            DPRINTF(Fetch, "Squashing from decode with PC = %s\n",
                fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].nextPC);
            // Squash unless we're already squashing
            squashFromDecode(fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].nextPC,
                             fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].squashInst,
                             fromDecode->decodeInfo[tid].doneSeqNum,
                             tid);

            return true;
        }
    }

    if (checkStall(tid) &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != IcacheWaitResponse &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != IcacheWaitRetry &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != ItlbWait &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != QuiescePending) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Setting to blocked\n",tid);

        fetchStatus[tid] = Blocked;

        return true;
    }

    if (fetchStatus[tid] == Blocked ||
        fetchStatus[tid] == Squashing) {
        // Switch status to running if fetch isn't being told to block or
        // squash this cycle.
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Done squashing, switching to running.\n",
                tid);

        fetchStatus[tid] = Running;

        return true;
    }

    // If we've reached this point, we have not gotten any signals that
    // cause fetch to change its status.  Fetch remains the same as before.
    return false;
}

template<class Impl>
typename Impl::DynInstPtr
DefaultFetch<Impl>::buildInst(ThreadID tid, StaticInstPtr staticInst,
                              StaticInstPtr curMacroop, TheISA::PCState thisPC,
                              TheISA::PCState nextPC, bool trace)
{
    // Get a sequence number.
    InstSeqNum seq = cpu->getAndIncrementInstSeq();

    // Create a new DynInst from the instruction fetched.
    DynInstPtr instruction =
        new DynInst(staticInst, curMacroop, thisPC, nextPC, seq, cpu);
    instruction->setTid(tid);

    instruction->setASID(tid);

    instruction->setThreadState(cpu->thread[tid]);

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Instruction PC %#x (%d) created "
            "[sn:%lli].\n", tid, thisPC.instAddr(),
            thisPC.microPC(), seq);

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Instruction is: %s\n", tid,
            instruction->staticInst->
            disassemble(thisPC.instAddr()));

#if TRACING_ON
    if (trace) {
        instruction->traceData =
            cpu->getTracer()->getInstRecord(curTick(), cpu->tcBase(tid),
                    instruction->staticInst, thisPC, curMacroop);
    }
#else
    instruction->traceData = NULL;
#endif

    // Add instruction to the CPU's list of instructions.
    instruction->setInstListIt(cpu->addInst(instruction));

    // Write the instruction to the first slot in the queue
    // that heads to decode.
    assert(numInst < fetchWidth);
    fetchQueue[tid].push_back(instruction);
    assert(fetchQueue[tid].size() <= fetchQueueSize);
    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch queue entry created (%i/%i).\n",
            tid, fetchQueue[tid].size(), fetchQueueSize);
    //toDecode->insts[toDecode->size++] = instruction;

    // Keep track of if we can take an interrupt at this boundary
    delayedCommit[tid] = instruction->isDelayedCommit();

    return instruction;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::fetch(bool &status_change)
{
    //////////////////////////////////////////
    // Start actual fetch
    //////////////////////////////////////////
    ThreadID tid = getFetchingThread();

    assert(!cpu->switchedOut());

    if (tid == InvalidThreadID) {
        // Breaks looping condition in tick()
        threadFetched = numFetchingThreads;

        if (numThreads == 1) {  // @todo Per-thread stats
            profileStall(0);
        }

        return;
    }

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "Attempting to fetch from [tid:%i]\n", tid);

    // The current PC.
    TheISA::PCState thisPC = pc[tid];

    Addr pcOffset = fetchOffset[tid];
    Addr fetchAddr = (thisPC.instAddr() + pcOffset) & BaseCPU::PCMask;

    bool inRom = isRomMicroPC(thisPC.microPC());

    // If returning from the delay of a cache miss, then update the status
    // to running, otherwise do the cache access.  Possibly move this up
    // to tick() function.
    if (fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheAccessComplete) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Icache miss is complete.\n", tid);

        fetchStatus[tid] = Running;
        status_change = true;
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == Running) {
        // Align the fetch PC so its at the start of a fetch buffer segment.
        Addr fetchBufferBlockPC = fetchBufferAlignPC(fetchAddr);

        // If buffer is no longer valid or fetchAddr has moved to point
        // to the next cache block, AND we have no remaining ucode
        // from a macro-op, then start fetch from icache.
        if (!(fetchBufferValid[tid] && fetchBufferBlockPC == fetchBufferPC[tid])
            && !inRom && !macroop[tid]) {
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Attempting to translate and read "
                    "instruction, starting at PC %s.\n", tid, thisPC);

            fetchCacheLine(fetchAddr, tid, thisPC.instAddr());

            if (fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheWaitResponse)
                ++icacheStallCycles;
            else if (fetchStatus[tid] == ItlbWait)
                ++fetchTlbCycles;
            else
                ++fetchMiscStallCycles;
            return;
        } else if ((checkInterrupt(thisPC.instAddr()) && !delayedCommit[tid])) {
            // Stall CPU if an interrupt is posted and we're not issuing
            // an delayed commit micro-op currently (delayed commit instructions
            // are not interruptable by interrupts, only faults)
            ++fetchMiscStallCycles;
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is stalled!\n", tid);
            return;
        }
    } else {
        if (fetchStatus[tid] == Idle) {
            ++fetchIdleCycles;
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is idle!\n", tid);
        }

        // Status is Idle, so fetch should do nothing.
        return;
    }

    ++fetchCycles;

    TheISA::PCState nextPC = thisPC;

    StaticInstPtr staticInst = NULL;
    StaticInstPtr curMacroop = macroop[tid];

    // If the read of the first instruction was successful, then grab the
    // instructions from the rest of the cache line and put them into the
    // queue heading to decode.

    DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Adding instructions to queue to "
            "decode.\n", tid);

    // Need to keep track of whether or not a predicted branch
    // ended this fetch block.
    bool predictedBranch = false;

    // Need to halt fetch if quiesce instruction detected
    bool quiesce = false;

    TheISA::MachInst *cacheInsts =
        reinterpret_cast<TheISA::MachInst *>(fetchBuffer[tid]);

    const unsigned numInsts = fetchBufferSize / instSize;
    unsigned blkOffset = (fetchAddr - fetchBufferPC[tid]) / instSize;

    // Loop through instruction memory from the cache.
    // Keep issuing while fetchWidth is available and branch is not
    // predicted taken
    while (numInst < fetchWidth && fetchQueue[tid].size() < fetchQueueSize
           && !predictedBranch && !quiesce) {
        // We need to process more memory if we aren't going to get a
        // StaticInst from the rom, the current macroop, or what's already
        // in the decoder.
        bool needMem = !inRom && !curMacroop &&
            !decoder[tid]->instReady();
        fetchAddr = (thisPC.instAddr() + pcOffset) & BaseCPU::PCMask;
        Addr fetchBufferBlockPC = fetchBufferAlignPC(fetchAddr);

        if (needMem) {
            // If buffer is no longer valid or fetchAddr has moved to point
            // to the next cache block then start fetch from icache.
            if (!fetchBufferValid[tid] ||
                fetchBufferBlockPC != fetchBufferPC[tid])
                break;

            if (blkOffset >= numInsts) {
                // We need to process more memory, but we've run out of the
                // current block.
                break;
            }

            MachInst inst = TheISA::gtoh(cacheInsts[blkOffset]);
            decoder[tid]->moreBytes(thisPC, fetchAddr, inst);

            if (decoder[tid]->needMoreBytes()) {
                blkOffset++;
                fetchAddr += instSize;
                pcOffset += instSize;
            }
        }

        // Extract as many instructions and/or microops as we can from
        // the memory we've processed so far.
        do {
            if (!(curMacroop || inRom)) {
                if (decoder[tid]->instReady()) {
                    staticInst = decoder[tid]->decode(thisPC);

                    // Increment stat of fetched instructions.
                    ++fetchedInsts;

                    if (staticInst->isMacroop()) {
                        curMacroop = staticInst;
                    } else {
                        pcOffset = 0;
                    }
                } else {
                    // We need more bytes for this instruction so blkOffset and
                    // pcOffset will be updated
                    break;
                }
            }
            // Whether we're moving to a new macroop because we're at the
            // end of the current one, or the branch predictor incorrectly
            // thinks we are...
            bool newMacro = false;
            if (curMacroop || inRom) {
                if (inRom) {
                    staticInst = cpu->microcodeRom.fetchMicroop(
                            thisPC.microPC(), curMacroop);
                } else {
                    staticInst = curMacroop->fetchMicroop(thisPC.microPC());
                }
                newMacro |= staticInst->isLastMicroop();
            }

            DynInstPtr instruction =
                buildInst(tid, staticInst, curMacroop,
                          thisPC, nextPC, true);

            ppFetch->notify(instruction);
            numInst++;

#if TRACING_ON
            if (DTRACE(O3PipeView)) {
                instruction->fetchTick = curTick();
            }
#endif

            nextPC = thisPC;

            // If we're branching after this instruction, quit fetching
            // from the same block.
            predictedBranch |= thisPC.branching();
            predictedBranch |=
                lookupAndUpdateNextPC(instruction, nextPC);
            if (predictedBranch) {
                DPRINTF(Fetch, "Branch detected with PC = %s\n", thisPC);
            }

            newMacro |= thisPC.instAddr() != nextPC.instAddr();

            // Move to the next instruction, unless we have a branch.
            thisPC = nextPC;
            inRom = isRomMicroPC(thisPC.microPC());

            if (newMacro) {
                fetchAddr = thisPC.instAddr() & BaseCPU::PCMask;
                blkOffset = (fetchAddr - fetchBufferPC[tid]) / instSize;
                pcOffset = 0;
                curMacroop = NULL;
            }

            if (instruction->isQuiesce()) {
                DPRINTF(Fetch,
                        "Quiesce instruction encountered, halting fetch!\n");
                fetchStatus[tid] = QuiescePending;
                status_change = true;
                quiesce = true;
                break;
            }
        } while ((curMacroop || decoder[tid]->instReady()) &&
                 numInst < fetchWidth &&
                 fetchQueue[tid].size() < fetchQueueSize);

        // Re-evaluate whether the next instruction to fetch is in micro-op ROM
        // or not.
        inRom = isRomMicroPC(thisPC.microPC());
    }

    if (predictedBranch) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Done fetching, predicted branch "
                "instruction encountered.\n", tid);
    } else if (numInst >= fetchWidth) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Done fetching, reached fetch bandwidth "
                "for this cycle.\n", tid);
    } else if (blkOffset >= fetchBufferSize) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Done fetching, reached the end of the"
                "fetch buffer.\n", tid);
    }

    macroop[tid] = curMacroop;
    fetchOffset[tid] = pcOffset;

    if (numInst > 0) {
        wroteToTimeBuffer = true;
    }

    pc[tid] = thisPC;

    // pipeline a fetch if we're crossing a fetch buffer boundary and not in
    // a state that would preclude fetching
    fetchAddr = (thisPC.instAddr() + pcOffset) & BaseCPU::PCMask;
    Addr fetchBufferBlockPC = fetchBufferAlignPC(fetchAddr);
    issuePipelinedIfetch[tid] = fetchBufferBlockPC != fetchBufferPC[tid] &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != IcacheWaitResponse &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != ItlbWait &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != IcacheWaitRetry &&
        fetchStatus[tid] != QuiescePending &&
        !curMacroop;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::recvReqRetry()
{
    if (retryPkt != NULL) {
        assert(cacheBlocked);
        assert(retryTid != InvalidThreadID);
        assert(fetchStatus[retryTid] == IcacheWaitRetry);

        if (cpu->getInstPort().sendTimingReq(retryPkt)) {
            fetchStatus[retryTid] = IcacheWaitResponse;
            // Notify Fetch Request probe when a retryPkt is successfully sent.
            // Note that notify must be called before retryPkt is set to NULL.
            ppFetchRequestSent->notify(retryPkt->req);
            retryPkt = NULL;
            retryTid = InvalidThreadID;
            cacheBlocked = false;
        }
    } else {
        assert(retryTid == InvalidThreadID);
        // Access has been squashed since it was sent out.  Just clear
        // the cache being blocked.
        cacheBlocked = false;
    }
}

///////////////////////////////////////
//                                   //
//  SMT FETCH POLICY MAINTAINED HERE //
//                                   //
///////////////////////////////////////
template<class Impl>
ThreadID
DefaultFetch<Impl>::getFetchingThread()
{
    if (numThreads > 1) {
        switch (fetchPolicy) {
          case FetchPolicy::RoundRobin:
            return roundRobin();
          case FetchPolicy::IQCount:
            return iqCount();
          case FetchPolicy::LSQCount:
            return lsqCount();
          case FetchPolicy::Branch:
            return branchCount();
          default:
            return InvalidThreadID;
        }
    } else {
        list<ThreadID>::iterator thread = activeThreads->begin();
        if (thread == activeThreads->end()) {
            return InvalidThreadID;
        }

        ThreadID tid = *thread;

        if (fetchStatus[tid] == Running ||
            fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheAccessComplete ||
            fetchStatus[tid] == Idle) {
            return tid;
        } else {
            return InvalidThreadID;
        }
    }
}


template<class Impl>
ThreadID
DefaultFetch<Impl>::roundRobin()
{
    list<ThreadID>::iterator pri_iter = priorityList.begin();
    list<ThreadID>::iterator end      = priorityList.end();

    ThreadID high_pri;

    while (pri_iter != end) {
        high_pri = *pri_iter;

        assert(high_pri <= numThreads);

        if (fetchStatus[high_pri] == Running ||
            fetchStatus[high_pri] == IcacheAccessComplete ||
            fetchStatus[high_pri] == Idle) {

            priorityList.erase(pri_iter);
            priorityList.push_back(high_pri);

            return high_pri;
        }

        pri_iter++;
    }

    return InvalidThreadID;
}

template<class Impl>
ThreadID
DefaultFetch<Impl>::iqCount()
{
    //sorted from lowest->highest
    std::priority_queue<unsigned,vector<unsigned>,
                        std::greater<unsigned> > PQ;
    std::map<unsigned, ThreadID> threadMap;

    list<ThreadID>::iterator threads = activeThreads->begin();
    list<ThreadID>::iterator end = activeThreads->end();

    while (threads != end) {
        ThreadID tid = *threads++;
        unsigned iqCount = fromIEW->iewInfo[tid].iqCount;

        //we can potentially get tid collisions if two threads
        //have the same iqCount, but this should be rare.
        PQ.push(iqCount);
        threadMap[iqCount] = tid;
    }

    while (!PQ.empty()) {
        ThreadID high_pri = threadMap[PQ.top()];

        if (fetchStatus[high_pri] == Running ||
            fetchStatus[high_pri] == IcacheAccessComplete ||
            fetchStatus[high_pri] == Idle)
            return high_pri;
        else
            PQ.pop();

    }

    return InvalidThreadID;
}

template<class Impl>
ThreadID
DefaultFetch<Impl>::lsqCount()
{
    //sorted from lowest->highest
    std::priority_queue<unsigned,vector<unsigned>,
                        std::greater<unsigned> > PQ;
    std::map<unsigned, ThreadID> threadMap;

    list<ThreadID>::iterator threads = activeThreads->begin();
    list<ThreadID>::iterator end = activeThreads->end();

    while (threads != end) {
        ThreadID tid = *threads++;
        unsigned ldstqCount = fromIEW->iewInfo[tid].ldstqCount;

        //we can potentially get tid collisions if two threads
        //have the same iqCount, but this should be rare.
        PQ.push(ldstqCount);
        threadMap[ldstqCount] = tid;
    }

    while (!PQ.empty()) {
        ThreadID high_pri = threadMap[PQ.top()];

        if (fetchStatus[high_pri] == Running ||
            fetchStatus[high_pri] == IcacheAccessComplete ||
            fetchStatus[high_pri] == Idle)
            return high_pri;
        else
            PQ.pop();
    }

    return InvalidThreadID;
}

template<class Impl>
ThreadID
DefaultFetch<Impl>::branchCount()
{
#if 0
    list<ThreadID>::iterator thread = activeThreads->begin();
    assert(thread != activeThreads->end());
    ThreadID tid = *thread;
#endif

    panic("Branch Count Fetch policy unimplemented\n");
    return InvalidThreadID;
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::pipelineIcacheAccesses(ThreadID tid)
{
    if (!issuePipelinedIfetch[tid]) {
        return;
    }

    // The next PC to access.
    TheISA::PCState thisPC = pc[tid];

    if (isRomMicroPC(thisPC.microPC())) {
        return;
    }

    Addr pcOffset = fetchOffset[tid];
    Addr fetchAddr = (thisPC.instAddr() + pcOffset) & BaseCPU::PCMask;

    // Align the fetch PC so its at the start of a fetch buffer segment.
    Addr fetchBufferBlockPC = fetchBufferAlignPC(fetchAddr);

    // Unless buffer already got the block, fetch it from icache.
    if (!(fetchBufferValid[tid] && fetchBufferBlockPC == fetchBufferPC[tid])) {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Issuing a pipelined I-cache access, "
                "starting at PC %s.\n", tid, thisPC);

        fetchCacheLine(fetchAddr, tid, thisPC.instAddr());
    }
}

template<class Impl>
void
DefaultFetch<Impl>::profileStall(ThreadID tid) {
    DPRINTF(Fetch,"There are no more threads available to fetch from.\n");

    // @todo Per-thread stats

    if (stalls[tid].drain) {
        ++fetchPendingDrainCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "Fetch is waiting for a drain!\n");
    } else if (activeThreads->empty()) {
        ++fetchNoActiveThreadStallCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "Fetch has no active thread!\n");
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == Blocked) {
        ++fetchBlockedCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is blocked!\n", tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == Squashing) {
        ++fetchSquashCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is squashing!\n", tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheWaitResponse) {
        ++icacheStallCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is waiting cache response!\n",
                tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == ItlbWait) {
        ++fetchTlbCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is waiting ITLB walk to "
                "finish!\n", tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == TrapPending) {
        ++fetchPendingTrapStallCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is waiting for a pending trap!\n",
                tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == QuiescePending) {
        ++fetchPendingQuiesceStallCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is waiting for a pending quiesce "
                "instruction!\n", tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == IcacheWaitRetry) {
        ++fetchIcacheWaitRetryStallCycles;
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch is waiting for an I-cache retry!\n",
                tid);
    } else if (fetchStatus[tid] == NoGoodAddr) {
            DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Fetch predicted non-executable address\n",
                    tid);
    } else {
        DPRINTF(Fetch, "[tid:%i]: Unexpected fetch stall reason (Status: %i).\n",
             tid, fetchStatus[tid]);
    }
}

#endif//__CPU_O3_FETCH_IMPL_HH__