process.cc revision 5771
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 2003-2006 The Regents of The University of Michigan 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are 7 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer; 9 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution; 12 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its 13 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from 14 * this software without specific prior written permission. 15 * 16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 17 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 18 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 19 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 20 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 21 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 22 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 23 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 24 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 25 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 26 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 27 * 28 * Authors: Gabe Black 29 * Ali Saidi 30 */ 31 32/* 33 * Copyright (c) 2007 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company 34 * All rights reserved. 35 * 36 * Redistribution and use of this software in source and binary forms, 37 * with or without modification, are permitted provided that the 38 * following conditions are met: 39 * 40 * The software must be used only for Non-Commercial Use which means any 41 * use which is NOT directed to receiving any direct monetary 42 * compensation for, or commercial advantage from such use. Illustrative 43 * examples of non-commercial use are academic research, personal study, 44 * teaching, education and corporate research & development. 45 * Illustrative examples of commercial use are distributing products for 46 * commercial advantage and providing services using the software for 47 * commercial advantage. 48 * 49 * If you wish to use this software or functionality therein that may be 50 * covered by patents for commercial use, please contact: 51 * Director of Intellectual Property Licensing 52 * Office of Strategy and Technology 53 * Hewlett-Packard Company 54 * 1501 Page Mill Road 55 * Palo Alto, California 94304 56 * 57 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 58 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions 59 * in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of 60 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or 61 * other materials provided with the distribution. Neither the name of 62 * the COPYRIGHT HOLDER(s), HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY, nor the names of its 63 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from 64 * this software without specific prior written permission. No right of 65 * sublicense is granted herewith. Derivatives of the software and 66 * output created using the software may be prepared, but only for 67 * Non-Commercial Uses. Derivatives of the software may be shared with 68 * others provided: (i) the others agree to abide by the list of 69 * conditions herein which includes the Non-Commercial Use restrictions; 70 * and (ii) such Derivatives of the software include the above copyright 71 * notice to acknowledge the contribution from this software where 72 * applicable, this list of conditions and the disclaimer below. 73 * 74 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 75 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 76 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 77 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 78 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 79 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 80 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 81 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 82 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 83 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 84 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 85 * 86 * Authors: Gabe Black 87 */ 88 89#include "arch/x86/isa_traits.hh" 90#include "arch/x86/process.hh" 91#include "arch/x86/segmentregs.hh" 92#include "arch/x86/types.hh" 93#include "base/loader/object_file.hh" 94#include "base/loader/elf_object.hh" 95#include "base/misc.hh" 96#include "base/trace.hh" 97#include "cpu/thread_context.hh" 98#include "mem/page_table.hh" 99#include "mem/translating_port.hh" 100#include "sim/process_impl.hh" 101#include "sim/system.hh" 102 103using namespace std; 104using namespace X86ISA; 105 106 107X86LiveProcess::X86LiveProcess(LiveProcessParams * params, 108 ObjectFile *objFile) 109 : LiveProcess(params, objFile) 110{ 111 brk_point = objFile->dataBase() + objFile->dataSize() + objFile->bssSize(); 112 brk_point = roundUp(brk_point, VMPageSize); 113 114 // Set pointer for next thread stack. Reserve 8M for main stack. 115 next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - (8 * 1024 * 1024); 116 117 // Set up stack. On X86_64 Linux, stack goes from the top of memory 118 // downward, less the hole for the kernel address space plus one page 119 // for undertermined purposes. 120 stack_base = (Addr)0x7FFFFFFFF000ULL; 121 122 // Set up region for mmaps. This was determined empirically and may not 123 // always be correct. 124 mmap_start = mmap_end = (Addr)0x2aaaaaaab000ULL; 125} 126 127void X86LiveProcess::handleTrap(int trapNum, ThreadContext *tc) 128{ 129 switch(trapNum) 130 { 131 default: 132 panic("Unimplemented trap to operating system: trap number %#x.\n", trapNum); 133 } 134} 135 136void 137X86LiveProcess::startup() 138{ 139 if (checkpointRestored) 140 return; 141 142 argsInit(sizeof(IntReg), VMPageSize); 143 144 for (int i = 0; i < contextIds.size(); i++) { 145 ThreadContext * tc = system->getThreadContext(contextIds[i]); 146 147 SegAttr dataAttr = 0; 148 dataAttr.writable = 1; 149 dataAttr.readable = 1; 150 dataAttr.expandDown = 0; 151 dataAttr.dpl = 3; 152 dataAttr.defaultSize = 0; 153 dataAttr.longMode = 1; 154 155 //Initialize the segment registers. 156 for(int seg = 0; seg < NUM_SEGMENTREGS; seg++) { 157 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_BASE(seg), 0); 158 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE(seg), 0); 159 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(seg), dataAttr); 160 } 161 162 SegAttr csAttr = 0; 163 csAttr.writable = 0; 164 csAttr.readable = 1; 165 csAttr.expandDown = 0; 166 csAttr.dpl = 3; 167 csAttr.defaultSize = 0; 168 csAttr.longMode = 1; 169 170 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CS_ATTR, csAttr); 171 172 //Set up the registers that describe the operating mode. 173 CR0 cr0 = 0; 174 cr0.pg = 1; // Turn on paging. 175 cr0.cd = 0; // Don't disable caching. 176 cr0.nw = 0; // This is bit is defined to be ignored. 177 cr0.am = 0; // No alignment checking 178 cr0.wp = 0; // Supervisor mode can write read only pages 179 cr0.ne = 1; 180 cr0.et = 1; // This should always be 1 181 cr0.ts = 0; // We don't do task switching, so causing fp exceptions 182 // would be pointless. 183 cr0.em = 0; // Allow x87 instructions to execute natively. 184 cr0.mp = 1; // This doesn't really matter, but the manual suggests 185 // setting it to one. 186 cr0.pe = 1; // We're definitely in protected mode. 187 tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0, cr0); 188 189 Efer efer = 0; 190 efer.sce = 1; // Enable system call extensions. 191 efer.lme = 1; // Enable long mode. 192 efer.lma = 1; // Activate long mode. 193 efer.nxe = 1; // Enable nx support. 194 efer.svme = 0; // Disable svm support for now. It isn't implemented. 195 efer.ffxsr = 1; // Turn on fast fxsave and fxrstor. 196 tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_EFER, efer); 197 } 198} 199 200void 201X86LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize) 202{ 203 typedef AuxVector<uint64_t> auxv_t; 204 std::vector<auxv_t> auxv; 205 206 Process::startup(); 207 208 string filename; 209 if(argv.size() < 1) 210 filename = ""; 211 else 212 filename = argv[0]; 213 214 //We want 16 byte alignment 215 uint64_t align = 16; 216 217 // load object file into target memory 218 objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem); 219 220 enum X86CpuFeature { 221 X86_OnboardFPU = 1 << 0, 222 X86_VirtualModeExtensions = 1 << 1, 223 X86_DebuggingExtensions = 1 << 2, 224 X86_PageSizeExtensions = 1 << 3, 225 226 X86_TimeStampCounter = 1 << 4, 227 X86_ModelSpecificRegisters = 1 << 5, 228 X86_PhysicalAddressExtensions = 1 << 6, 229 X86_MachineCheckExtensions = 1 << 7, 230 231 X86_CMPXCHG8Instruction = 1 << 8, 232 X86_OnboardAPIC = 1 << 9, 233 X86_SYSENTER_SYSEXIT = 1 << 11, 234 235 X86_MemoryTypeRangeRegisters = 1 << 12, 236 X86_PageGlobalEnable = 1 << 13, 237 X86_MachineCheckArchitecture = 1 << 14, 238 X86_CMOVInstruction = 1 << 15, 239 240 X86_PageAttributeTable = 1 << 16, 241 X86_36BitPSEs = 1 << 17, 242 X86_ProcessorSerialNumber = 1 << 18, 243 X86_CLFLUSHInstruction = 1 << 19, 244 245 X86_DebugTraceStore = 1 << 21, 246 X86_ACPIViaMSR = 1 << 22, 247 X86_MultimediaExtensions = 1 << 23, 248 249 X86_FXSAVE_FXRSTOR = 1 << 24, 250 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions = 1 << 25, 251 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions2 = 1 << 26, 252 X86_CPUSelfSnoop = 1 << 27, 253 254 X86_HyperThreading = 1 << 28, 255 X86_AutomaticClockControl = 1 << 29, 256 X86_IA64Processor = 1 << 30 257 }; 258 259 //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion. 260 //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables. 261 ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile); 262 if(elfObject) 263 { 264 uint64_t features = 265 X86_OnboardFPU | 266 X86_VirtualModeExtensions | 267 X86_DebuggingExtensions | 268 X86_PageSizeExtensions | 269 X86_TimeStampCounter | 270 X86_ModelSpecificRegisters | 271 X86_PhysicalAddressExtensions | 272 X86_MachineCheckExtensions | 273 X86_CMPXCHG8Instruction | 274 X86_OnboardAPIC | 275 X86_SYSENTER_SYSEXIT | 276 X86_MemoryTypeRangeRegisters | 277 X86_PageGlobalEnable | 278 X86_MachineCheckArchitecture | 279 X86_CMOVInstruction | 280 X86_PageAttributeTable | 281 X86_36BitPSEs | 282// X86_ProcessorSerialNumber | 283 X86_CLFLUSHInstruction | 284// X86_DebugTraceStore | 285// X86_ACPIViaMSR | 286 X86_MultimediaExtensions | 287 X86_FXSAVE_FXRSTOR | 288 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions | 289 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions2 | 290// X86_CPUSelfSnoop | 291// X86_HyperThreading | 292// X86_AutomaticClockControl | 293// X86_IA64Processor | 294 0; 295 296 //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities 297 //XXX Figure out what these should be 298 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_HWCAP, features)); 299 //The system page size 300 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PAGESZ, X86ISA::VMPageSize)); 301 //Frequency at which times() increments 302 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_CLKTCK, 100)); 303 // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the 304 // program header tables if they appear in the executable image 305 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable())); 306 // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file. 307 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize())); 308 // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file. 309 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount())); 310 //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source. 311 //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set 312 //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else 313 //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries. 314 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_BASE, 0)); 315 316 //XXX Figure out what this should be. 317 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_FLAGS, 0)); 318 //The entry point to the program 319 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint())); 320 //Different user and group IDs 321 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_UID, uid())); 322 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EUID, euid())); 323 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_GID, gid())); 324 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EGID, egid())); 325 //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable 326 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_SECURE, 0)); 327 //The string "x86_64" with unknown meaning 328 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PLATFORM, 0)); 329 } 330 331 //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be 332 333 // A sentry NULL void pointer at the top of the stack. 334 int sentry_size = intSize; 335 336 //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack 337 //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file. 338 int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1; 339 340 string platform = "x86_64"; 341 int aux_data_size = platform.size() + 1; 342 343 int env_data_size = 0; 344 for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) { 345 env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1; 346 } 347 int arg_data_size = 0; 348 for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) { 349 arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1; 350 } 351 352 //The info_block needs to be padded so it's size is a multiple of the 353 //alignment mask. Also, it appears that there needs to be at least some 354 //padding, so if the size is already a multiple, we need to increase it 355 //anyway. 356 int base_info_block_size = 357 sentry_size + file_name_size + env_data_size + arg_data_size; 358 359 int info_block_size = roundUp(base_info_block_size, align); 360 361 int info_block_padding = info_block_size - base_info_block_size; 362 363 //Each auxilliary vector is two 8 byte words 364 int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1); 365 366 int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1); 367 int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1); 368 369 int argc_size = intSize; 370 371 //Figure out the size of the contents of the actual initial frame 372 int frame_size = 373 aux_array_size + 374 envp_array_size + 375 argv_array_size + 376 argc_size; 377 378 //There needs to be padding after the auxiliary vector data so that the 379 //very bottom of the stack is aligned properly. 380 int partial_size = frame_size + aux_data_size; 381 int aligned_partial_size = roundUp(partial_size, align); 382 int aux_padding = aligned_partial_size - partial_size; 383 384 int space_needed = 385 info_block_size + 386 aux_data_size + 387 aux_padding + 388 frame_size; 389 390 stack_min = stack_base - space_needed; 391 stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, align); 392 stack_size = stack_base - stack_min; 393 394 // map memory 395 pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize), 396 roundUp(stack_size, pageSize)); 397 398 // map out initial stack contents 399 Addr sentry_base = stack_base - sentry_size; 400 Addr file_name_base = sentry_base - file_name_size; 401 Addr env_data_base = file_name_base - env_data_size; 402 Addr arg_data_base = env_data_base - arg_data_size; 403 Addr aux_data_base = arg_data_base - info_block_padding - aux_data_size; 404 Addr auxv_array_base = aux_data_base - aux_array_size - aux_padding; 405 Addr envp_array_base = auxv_array_base - envp_array_size; 406 Addr argv_array_base = envp_array_base - argv_array_size; 407 Addr argc_base = argv_array_base - argc_size; 408 409 DPRINTF(X86, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n"); 410 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base); 411 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base); 412 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base); 413 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - aux data\n", aux_data_base); 414 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base); 415 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base); 416 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base); 417 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base); 418 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min); 419 420 // write contents to stack 421 422 // figure out argc 423 uint64_t argc = argv.size(); 424 uint64_t guestArgc = X86ISA::htog(argc); 425 426 //Write out the sentry void * 427 uint64_t sentry_NULL = 0; 428 initVirtMem->writeBlob(sentry_base, 429 (uint8_t*)&sentry_NULL, sentry_size); 430 431 //Write the file name 432 initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str()); 433 434 //Fix up the aux vector which points to the "platform" string 435 assert(auxv[auxv.size() - 1].a_type = M5_AT_PLATFORM); 436 auxv[auxv.size() - 1].a_val = aux_data_base; 437 438 //Copy the aux stuff 439 for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++) 440 { 441 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize, 442 (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize); 443 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize, 444 (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize); 445 } 446 //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector 447 const uint64_t zero = 0; 448 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(), 449 (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize); 450 451 initVirtMem->writeString(aux_data_base, platform.c_str()); 452 453 copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem); 454 copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem); 455 456 initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize); 457 458 ThreadContext *tc = system->getThreadContext(contextIds[0]); 459 //Set the stack pointer register 460 tc->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min); 461 462 Addr prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint(); 463 // There doesn't need to be any segment base added in since we're dealing 464 // with the flat segmentation model. 465 tc->setPC(prog_entry); 466 tc->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst)); 467 468 //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary. 469 stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize); 470 471// num_processes++; 472} 473