process.cc revision 5140:2fd7f8477b4c
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 2003-2006 The Regents of The University of Michigan 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are 7 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer; 9 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution; 12 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its 13 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from 14 * this software without specific prior written permission. 15 * 16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 17 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 18 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 19 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 20 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 21 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 22 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 23 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 24 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 25 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 26 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 27 * 28 * Authors: Gabe Black 29 * Ali Saidi 30 */ 31 32/* 33 * Copyright (c) 2007 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company 34 * All rights reserved. 35 * 36 * Redistribution and use of this software in source and binary forms, 37 * with or without modification, are permitted provided that the 38 * following conditions are met: 39 * 40 * The software must be used only for Non-Commercial Use which means any 41 * use which is NOT directed to receiving any direct monetary 42 * compensation for, or commercial advantage from such use. Illustrative 43 * examples of non-commercial use are academic research, personal study, 44 * teaching, education and corporate research & development. 45 * Illustrative examples of commercial use are distributing products for 46 * commercial advantage and providing services using the software for 47 * commercial advantage. 48 * 49 * If you wish to use this software or functionality therein that may be 50 * covered by patents for commercial use, please contact: 51 * Director of Intellectual Property Licensing 52 * Office of Strategy and Technology 53 * Hewlett-Packard Company 54 * 1501 Page Mill Road 55 * Palo Alto, California 94304 56 * 57 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 58 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions 59 * in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of 60 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or 61 * other materials provided with the distribution. Neither the name of 62 * the COPYRIGHT HOLDER(s), HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY, nor the names of its 63 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from 64 * this software without specific prior written permission. No right of 65 * sublicense is granted herewith. Derivatives of the software and 66 * output created using the software may be prepared, but only for 67 * Non-Commercial Uses. Derivatives of the software may be shared with 68 * others provided: (i) the others agree to abide by the list of 69 * conditions herein which includes the Non-Commercial Use restrictions; 70 * and (ii) such Derivatives of the software include the above copyright 71 * notice to acknowledge the contribution from this software where 72 * applicable, this list of conditions and the disclaimer below. 73 * 74 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 75 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 76 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 77 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 78 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 79 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 80 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 81 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 82 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 83 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 84 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 85 * 86 * Authors: Gabe Black 87 */ 88 89#include "arch/x86/isa_traits.hh" 90#include "arch/x86/process.hh" 91#include "arch/x86/segmentregs.hh" 92#include "arch/x86/types.hh" 93#include "base/loader/object_file.hh" 94#include "base/loader/elf_object.hh" 95#include "base/misc.hh" 96#include "base/trace.hh" 97#include "cpu/thread_context.hh" 98#include "mem/page_table.hh" 99#include "mem/translating_port.hh" 100#include "sim/process_impl.hh" 101#include "sim/system.hh" 102 103using namespace std; 104using namespace X86ISA; 105 106M5_64_auxv_t::M5_64_auxv_t(int64_t type, int64_t val) 107{ 108 a_type = TheISA::htog(type); 109 a_val = TheISA::htog(val); 110} 111 112X86LiveProcess::X86LiveProcess(const std::string &nm, ObjectFile *objFile, 113 System *_system, int stdin_fd, int stdout_fd, int stderr_fd, 114 std::vector<std::string> &argv, std::vector<std::string> &envp, 115 const std::string &cwd, 116 uint64_t _uid, uint64_t _euid, uint64_t _gid, uint64_t _egid, 117 uint64_t _pid, uint64_t _ppid) 118 : LiveProcess(nm, objFile, _system, stdin_fd, stdout_fd, stderr_fd, 119 argv, envp, cwd, _uid, _euid, _gid, _egid, _pid, _ppid) 120{ 121 brk_point = objFile->dataBase() + objFile->dataSize() + objFile->bssSize(); 122 brk_point = roundUp(brk_point, VMPageSize); 123 124 // Set pointer for next thread stack. Reserve 8M for main stack. 125 next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - (8 * 1024 * 1024); 126 127 // Set up stack. On X86_64 Linux, stack goes from the top of memory 128 // downward, less the hole for the kernel address space plus one page 129 // for undertermined purposes. 130 stack_base = (Addr)0x7FFFFFFFF000ULL; 131 132 // Set up region for mmaps. This was determined empirically and may not 133 // always be correct. 134 mmap_start = mmap_end = 0x2aaaaaaab000; 135} 136 137void X86LiveProcess::handleTrap(int trapNum, ThreadContext *tc) 138{ 139 switch(trapNum) 140 { 141 default: 142 panic("Unimplemented trap to operating system: trap number %#x.\n", trapNum); 143 } 144} 145 146void 147X86LiveProcess::startup() 148{ 149 argsInit(sizeof(IntReg), VMPageSize); 150 151 for (int i = 0; i < threadContexts.size(); i++) { 152 ThreadContext * tc = threadContexts[i]; 153 154 SegAttr dataAttr = 0; 155 dataAttr.writable = 1; 156 dataAttr.readable = 1; 157 dataAttr.expandDown = 0; 158 dataAttr.dpl = 3; 159 dataAttr.defaultSize = 0; 160 dataAttr.longMode = 1; 161 162 //Initialize the segment registers. 163 for(int seg = 0; seg < NUM_SEGMENTREGS; seg++) { 164 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_BASE(seg), 0); 165 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(seg), dataAttr); 166 } 167 168 SegAttr csAttr = 0; 169 csAttr.writable = 0; 170 csAttr.readable = 1; 171 csAttr.expandDown = 0; 172 csAttr.dpl = 3; 173 csAttr.defaultSize = 0; 174 csAttr.longMode = 1; 175 176 tc->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CS_ATTR, csAttr); 177 178 //Set up the registers that describe the operating mode. 179 CR0 cr0 = 0; 180 cr0.pg = 1; // Turn on paging. 181 cr0.cd = 0; // Don't disable caching. 182 cr0.nw = 0; // This is bit is defined to be ignored. 183 cr0.am = 0; // No alignment checking 184 cr0.wp = 0; // Supervisor mode can write read only pages 185 cr0.ne = 1; 186 cr0.et = 1; // This should always be 1 187 cr0.ts = 0; // We don't do task switching, so causing fp exceptions 188 // would be pointless. 189 cr0.em = 0; // Allow x87 instructions to execute natively. 190 cr0.mp = 1; // This doesn't really matter, but the manual suggests 191 // setting it to one. 192 cr0.pe = 1; // We're definitely in protected mode. 193 tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0, cr0); 194 195 Efer efer = 0; 196 efer.sce = 1; // Enable system call extensions. 197 efer.lme = 1; // Enable long mode. 198 efer.lma = 1; // Activate long mode. 199 efer.nxe = 1; // Enable nx support. 200 efer.svme = 0; // Disable svm support for now. It isn't implemented. 201 efer.ffxsr = 1; // Turn on fast fxsave and fxrstor. 202 tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_EFER, efer); 203 } 204} 205 206void 207X86LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize) 208{ 209 typedef M5_64_auxv_t auxv_t; 210 Process::startup(); 211 212 string filename; 213 if(argv.size() < 1) 214 filename = ""; 215 else 216 filename = argv[0]; 217 218 //We want 16 byte alignment 219 uint64_t align = 16; 220 221 // load object file into target memory 222 objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem); 223 224 enum X86CpuFeature { 225 X86_OnboardFPU = 1 << 0, 226 X86_VirtualModeExtensions = 1 << 1, 227 X86_DebuggingExtensions = 1 << 2, 228 X86_PageSizeExtensions = 1 << 3, 229 230 X86_TimeStampCounter = 1 << 4, 231 X86_ModelSpecificRegisters = 1 << 5, 232 X86_PhysicalAddressExtensions = 1 << 6, 233 X86_MachineCheckExtensions = 1 << 7, 234 235 X86_CMPXCHG8Instruction = 1 << 8, 236 X86_OnboardAPIC = 1 << 9, 237 X86_SYSENTER_SYSEXIT = 1 << 11, 238 239 X86_MemoryTypeRangeRegisters = 1 << 12, 240 X86_PageGlobalEnable = 1 << 13, 241 X86_MachineCheckArchitecture = 1 << 14, 242 X86_CMOVInstruction = 1 << 15, 243 244 X86_PageAttributeTable = 1 << 16, 245 X86_36BitPSEs = 1 << 17, 246 X86_ProcessorSerialNumber = 1 << 18, 247 X86_CLFLUSHInstruction = 1 << 19, 248 249 X86_DebugTraceStore = 1 << 21, 250 X86_ACPIViaMSR = 1 << 22, 251 X86_MultimediaExtensions = 1 << 23, 252 253 X86_FXSAVE_FXRSTOR = 1 << 24, 254 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions = 1 << 25, 255 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions2 = 1 << 26, 256 X86_CPUSelfSnoop = 1 << 27, 257 258 X86_HyperThreading = 1 << 28, 259 X86_AutomaticClockControl = 1 << 29, 260 X86_IA64Processor = 1 << 30 261 }; 262 263 //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion. 264 //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables. 265 ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile); 266 if(elfObject) 267 { 268 uint64_t features = 269 X86_OnboardFPU | 270 X86_VirtualModeExtensions | 271 X86_DebuggingExtensions | 272 X86_PageSizeExtensions | 273 X86_TimeStampCounter | 274 X86_ModelSpecificRegisters | 275 X86_PhysicalAddressExtensions | 276 X86_MachineCheckExtensions | 277 X86_CMPXCHG8Instruction | 278 X86_OnboardAPIC | 279 X86_SYSENTER_SYSEXIT | 280 X86_MemoryTypeRangeRegisters | 281 X86_PageGlobalEnable | 282 X86_MachineCheckArchitecture | 283 X86_CMOVInstruction | 284 X86_PageAttributeTable | 285 X86_36BitPSEs | 286// X86_ProcessorSerialNumber | 287 X86_CLFLUSHInstruction | 288// X86_DebugTraceStore | 289// X86_ACPIViaMSR | 290 X86_MultimediaExtensions | 291 X86_FXSAVE_FXRSTOR | 292 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions | 293 X86_StreamingSIMDExtensions2 | 294// X86_CPUSelfSnoop | 295// X86_HyperThreading | 296// X86_AutomaticClockControl | 297// X86_IA64Processor | 298 0; 299 300 //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities 301 //XXX Figure out what these should be 302 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_HWCAP, features)); 303 //The system page size 304 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PAGESZ, X86ISA::VMPageSize)); 305 //Frequency at which times() increments 306 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_CLKTCK, 100)); 307 // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the 308 // program header tables if they appear in the executable image 309 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable())); 310 // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file. 311 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize())); 312 // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file. 313 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount())); 314 //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source. 315 //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set 316 //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else 317 //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries. 318 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_BASE, 0)); 319 320 //XXX Figure out what this should be. 321 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_FLAGS, 0)); 322 //The entry point to the program 323 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint())); 324 //Different user and group IDs 325 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_UID, uid())); 326 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EUID, euid())); 327 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_GID, gid())); 328 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EGID, egid())); 329 //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable 330 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_SECURE, 0)); 331 //The string "x86_64" with unknown meaning 332 auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PLATFORM, 0)); 333 } 334 335 //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be 336 337 // A sentry NULL void pointer at the top of the stack. 338 int sentry_size = intSize; 339 340 //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack 341 //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file. 342 int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1; 343 344 string platform = "x86_64"; 345 int aux_data_size = platform.size() + 1; 346 347 int env_data_size = 0; 348 for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) { 349 env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1; 350 } 351 int arg_data_size = 0; 352 for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) { 353 arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1; 354 } 355 356 //The info_block needs to be padded so it's size is a multiple of the 357 //alignment mask. Also, it appears that there needs to be at least some 358 //padding, so if the size is already a multiple, we need to increase it 359 //anyway. 360 int base_info_block_size = 361 sentry_size + file_name_size + env_data_size + arg_data_size; 362 363 int info_block_size = roundUp(base_info_block_size, align); 364 365 int info_block_padding = info_block_size - base_info_block_size; 366 367 //Each auxilliary vector is two 8 byte words 368 int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1); 369 370 int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1); 371 int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1); 372 373 int argc_size = intSize; 374 375 //Figure out the size of the contents of the actual initial frame 376 int frame_size = 377 aux_array_size + 378 envp_array_size + 379 argv_array_size + 380 argc_size; 381 382 //There needs to be padding after the auxiliary vector data so that the 383 //very bottom of the stack is aligned properly. 384 int partial_size = frame_size + aux_data_size; 385 int aligned_partial_size = roundUp(partial_size, align); 386 int aux_padding = aligned_partial_size - partial_size; 387 388 int space_needed = 389 info_block_size + 390 aux_data_size + 391 aux_padding + 392 frame_size; 393 394 stack_min = stack_base - space_needed; 395 stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, align); 396 stack_size = stack_base - stack_min; 397 398 // map memory 399 pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize), 400 roundUp(stack_size, pageSize)); 401 402 // map out initial stack contents 403 Addr sentry_base = stack_base - sentry_size; 404 Addr file_name_base = sentry_base - file_name_size; 405 Addr env_data_base = file_name_base - env_data_size; 406 Addr arg_data_base = env_data_base - arg_data_size; 407 Addr aux_data_base = arg_data_base - info_block_padding - aux_data_size; 408 Addr auxv_array_base = aux_data_base - aux_array_size - aux_padding; 409 Addr envp_array_base = auxv_array_base - envp_array_size; 410 Addr argv_array_base = envp_array_base - argv_array_size; 411 Addr argc_base = argv_array_base - argc_size; 412 413 DPRINTF(X86, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n"); 414 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base); 415 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base); 416 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base); 417 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - aux data\n", aux_data_base); 418 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base); 419 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base); 420 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base); 421 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base); 422 DPRINTF(X86, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min); 423 424 // write contents to stack 425 426 // figure out argc 427 uint64_t argc = argv.size(); 428 uint64_t guestArgc = TheISA::htog(argc); 429 430 //Write out the sentry void * 431 uint64_t sentry_NULL = 0; 432 initVirtMem->writeBlob(sentry_base, 433 (uint8_t*)&sentry_NULL, sentry_size); 434 435 //Write the file name 436 initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str()); 437 438 //Fix up the aux vector which points to the "platform" string 439 assert(auxv[auxv.size() - 1].a_type = M5_AT_PLATFORM); 440 auxv[auxv.size() - 1].a_val = aux_data_base; 441 442 //Copy the aux stuff 443 for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++) 444 { 445 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize, 446 (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize); 447 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize, 448 (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize); 449 } 450 //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector 451 const uint64_t zero = 0; 452 initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(), 453 (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize); 454 455 initVirtMem->writeString(aux_data_base, platform.c_str()); 456 457 copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem); 458 copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem); 459 460 initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize); 461 462 //Set the stack pointer register 463 threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min); 464 465 Addr prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint(); 466 threadContexts[0]->setPC(prog_entry); 467 threadContexts[0]->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst)); 468 469 //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary. 470 stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize); 471 472// num_processes++; 473} 474