process.cc revision 5154 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 The Regents of The University of Michigan
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
7 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
9 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
12 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
13 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
14 * this software without specific prior written permission.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
17 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
18 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
19 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
20 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
21 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
22 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
26 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 *
28 * Authors: Gabe Black
29 *          Ali Saidi
30 */
31
32#include "arch/sparc/asi.hh"
33#include "arch/sparc/handlers.hh"
34#include "arch/sparc/isa_traits.hh"
35#include "arch/sparc/process.hh"
36#include "arch/sparc/types.hh"
37#include "base/loader/object_file.hh"
38#include "base/loader/elf_object.hh"
39#include "base/misc.hh"
40#include "cpu/thread_context.hh"
41#include "mem/page_table.hh"
42#include "sim/process_impl.hh"
43#include "mem/translating_port.hh"
44#include "sim/system.hh"
45
46using namespace std;
47using namespace SparcISA;
48
49
50SparcLiveProcess::SparcLiveProcess(LiveProcessParams * params,
51        ObjectFile *objFile)
52    : LiveProcess(params, objFile)
53{
54
55    // XXX all the below need to be updated for SPARC - Ali
56    brk_point = objFile->dataBase() + objFile->dataSize() + objFile->bssSize();
57    brk_point = roundUp(brk_point, VMPageSize);
58
59    // Set pointer for next thread stack.  Reserve 8M for main stack.
60    next_thread_stack_base = stack_base - (8 * 1024 * 1024);
61
62    //Initialize these to 0s
63    fillStart = 0;
64    spillStart = 0;
65}
66
67void SparcLiveProcess::handleTrap(int trapNum, ThreadContext *tc)
68{
69    switch(trapNum)
70    {
71      case 0x01: //Software breakpoint
72        warn("Software breakpoint encountered at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
73        break;
74      case 0x02: //Division by zero
75        warn("Software signaled a division by zero at pc %#x.\n",
76                tc->readPC());
77        break;
78      case 0x03: //Flush window trap
79        flushWindows(tc);
80        break;
81      case 0x04: //Clean windows
82        warn("Ignoring process request for clean register "
83                "windows at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
84        break;
85      case 0x05: //Range check
86        warn("Software signaled a range check at pc %#x.\n",
87                tc->readPC());
88        break;
89      case 0x06: //Fix alignment
90        warn("Ignoring process request for os assisted unaligned accesses "
91                "at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
92        break;
93      case 0x07: //Integer overflow
94        warn("Software signaled an integer overflow at pc %#x.\n",
95                tc->readPC());
96        break;
97      case 0x32: //Get integer condition codes
98        warn("Ignoring process request to get the integer condition codes "
99                "at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
100        break;
101      case 0x33: //Set integer condition codes
102        warn("Ignoring process request to set the integer condition codes "
103                "at pc %#x.\n", tc->readPC());
104        break;
105      default:
106        panic("Unimplemented trap to operating system: trap number %#x.\n", trapNum);
107    }
108}
109
110void
111Sparc32LiveProcess::startup()
112{
113    argsInit(32 / 8, VMPageSize);
114
115    //From the SPARC ABI
116
117    //The process runs in user mode with 32 bit addresses
118    threadContexts[0]->setMiscReg(MISCREG_PSTATE, 0x0a);
119
120    //Setup default FP state
121    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_FSR, 0);
122
123    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TICK, 0);
124    //
125    /*
126     * Register window management registers
127     */
128
129    //No windows contain info from other programs
130    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_OTHERWIN, 0);
131    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6, 0);
132    //There are no windows to pop
133    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANRESTORE, 0);
134    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, 0);
135    //All windows are available to save into
136    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANSAVE, NWindows - 2);
137    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, NWindows - 2);
138    //All windows are "clean"
139    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CLEANWIN, NWindows);
140    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 5, NWindows);
141    //Start with register window 0
142    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CWP, 0);
143    //Always use spill and fill traps 0
144    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_WSTATE, 0);
145    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 7, 0);
146    //Set the trap level to 0
147    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TL, 0);
148    //Set the ASI register to something fixed
149    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_ASI, ASI_PRIMARY);
150
151    /*
152     * T1 specific registers
153     */
154    //Turn on the icache, dcache, dtb translation, and itb translation.
155    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_MMU_LSU_CTRL, 15);
156}
157
158void
159Sparc64LiveProcess::startup()
160{
161    argsInit(sizeof(IntReg), VMPageSize);
162
163    //From the SPARC ABI
164
165    //The process runs in user mode
166    threadContexts[0]->setMiscReg(MISCREG_PSTATE, 0x02);
167
168    //Setup default FP state
169    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_FSR, 0);
170
171    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TICK, 0);
172
173    /*
174     * Register window management registers
175     */
176
177    //No windows contain info from other programs
178    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_OTHERWIN, 0);
179    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6, 0);
180    //There are no windows to pop
181    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANRESTORE, 0);
182    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, 0);
183    //All windows are available to save into
184    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CANSAVE, NWindows - 2);
185    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, NWindows - 2);
186    //All windows are "clean"
187    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CLEANWIN, NWindows);
188    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 5, NWindows);
189    //Start with register window 0
190    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CWP, 0);
191    //Always use spill and fill traps 0
192    //threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_WSTATE, 0);
193    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 7, 0);
194    //Set the trap level to 0
195    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_TL, 0);
196    //Set the ASI register to something fixed
197    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_ASI, ASI_PRIMARY);
198
199    /*
200     * T1 specific registers
201     */
202    //Turn on the icache, dcache, dtb translation, and itb translation.
203    threadContexts[0]->setMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_MMU_LSU_CTRL, 15);
204}
205
206M5_32_auxv_t::M5_32_auxv_t(int32_t type, int32_t val)
207{
208    a_type = TheISA::htog(type);
209    a_val = TheISA::htog(val);
210}
211
212M5_64_auxv_t::M5_64_auxv_t(int64_t type, int64_t val)
213{
214    a_type = TheISA::htog(type);
215    a_val = TheISA::htog(val);
216}
217
218void
219Sparc64LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize)
220{
221    typedef M5_64_auxv_t auxv_t;
222    Process::startup();
223
224    string filename;
225    if(argv.size() < 1)
226        filename = "";
227    else
228        filename = argv[0];
229
230    Addr alignmentMask = ~(intSize - 1);
231
232    // load object file into target memory
233    objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem);
234
235    enum hardwareCaps
236    {
237        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH = 1,
238        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR = 2,
239        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP = 4,
240        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV = 8,
241        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 = 16,
242        //This one should technically only be set
243        //if there is a cheetah or cheetah_plus tlb,
244        //but we'll use it all the time
245        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3 = 32
246    };
247
248    const int64_t hwcap =
249        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH |
250        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR |
251        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP |
252        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV |
253        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 |
254        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3;
255
256
257    //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion.
258    //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables.
259    ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile);
260    if(elfObject)
261    {
262        //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities
263        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_HWCAP, hwcap));
264        //The system page size
265        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PAGESZ, SparcISA::VMPageSize));
266        //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source.
267        //Frequency at which times() increments
268        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_CLKTCK, 100));
269        // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the
270        // program header tables if they appear in the executable image
271        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable()));
272        // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file.
273        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize()));
274        // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file.
275        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount()));
276        //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set
277        //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else
278        //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries.
279        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_BASE, 0));
280        //This is hardwired to 0 in the elf loading code in the kernel
281        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_FLAGS, 0));
282        //The entry point to the program
283        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint()));
284        //Different user and group IDs
285        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_UID, uid()));
286        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EUID, euid()));
287        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_GID, gid()));
288        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_EGID, egid()));
289        //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable
290        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(M5_AT_SECURE, 0));
291    }
292
293    //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be
294
295    // The unaccounted for 0 at the top of the stack
296    int mysterious_size = intSize;
297
298    //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack
299    //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file.
300    int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1;
301
302    int env_data_size = 0;
303    for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) {
304        env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1;
305    }
306    int arg_data_size = 0;
307    for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) {
308        arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1;
309    }
310
311    //The info_block needs to be padded so it's size is a multiple of the
312    //alignment mask. Also, it appears that there needs to be at least some
313    //padding, so if the size is already a multiple, we need to increase it
314    //anyway.
315    int info_block_size =
316        (file_name_size +
317        env_data_size +
318        arg_data_size +
319        intSize) & alignmentMask;
320
321    int info_block_padding =
322        info_block_size -
323        file_name_size -
324        env_data_size -
325        arg_data_size;
326
327    //Each auxilliary vector is two 8 byte words
328    int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1);
329
330    int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1);
331    int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1);
332
333    int argc_size = intSize;
334    int window_save_size = intSize * 16;
335
336    int space_needed =
337        mysterious_size +
338        info_block_size +
339        aux_array_size +
340        envp_array_size +
341        argv_array_size +
342        argc_size +
343        window_save_size;
344
345    stack_min = stack_base - space_needed;
346    stack_min &= alignmentMask;
347    stack_size = stack_base - stack_min;
348
349    // map memory
350    pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize),
351                     roundUp(stack_size, pageSize));
352
353    // map out initial stack contents
354    Addr mysterious_base = stack_base - mysterious_size;
355    Addr file_name_base = mysterious_base - file_name_size;
356    Addr env_data_base = file_name_base - env_data_size;
357    Addr arg_data_base = env_data_base - arg_data_size;
358    Addr auxv_array_base = arg_data_base - aux_array_size - info_block_padding;
359    Addr envp_array_base = auxv_array_base - envp_array_size;
360    Addr argv_array_base = envp_array_base - argv_array_size;
361    Addr argc_base = argv_array_base - argc_size;
362#ifndef NDEBUG
363    // only used in DPRINTF
364    Addr window_save_base = argc_base - window_save_size;
365#endif
366
367    DPRINTF(Sparc, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n");
368    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base);
369    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base);
370    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base);
371    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base);
372    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base);
373    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base);
374    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base);
375    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - window save\n", window_save_base);
376    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min);
377
378    // write contents to stack
379
380    // figure out argc
381    uint64_t argc = argv.size();
382    uint64_t guestArgc = TheISA::htog(argc);
383
384    //Write out the mysterious 0
385    uint64_t mysterious_zero = 0;
386    initVirtMem->writeBlob(mysterious_base,
387            (uint8_t*)&mysterious_zero, mysterious_size);
388
389    //Write the file name
390    initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str());
391
392    //Copy the aux stuff
393    for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++)
394    {
395        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize,
396                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize);
397        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize,
398                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize);
399    }
400    //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector
401    const uint64_t zero = 0;
402    initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(),
403            (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize);
404
405    copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem);
406    copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem);
407
408    initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize);
409
410    //Stuff the trap handlers into the processes address space.
411    //Since the stack grows down and is the highest area in the processes
412    //address space, we can put stuff above it and stay out of the way.
413    int fillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numFillInsts;
414    int spillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numSpillInsts;
415    fillStart = stack_base;
416    spillStart = fillStart + fillSize;
417    initVirtMem->writeBlob(fillStart, (uint8_t*)fillHandler64, fillSize);
418    initVirtMem->writeBlob(spillStart, (uint8_t*)spillHandler64, spillSize);
419
420    //Set up the thread context to start running the process
421    assert(NumArgumentRegs >= 2);
422    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[0], argc);
423    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[1], argv_array_base);
424    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min - StackBias);
425
426    Addr prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint();
427    threadContexts[0]->setPC(prog_entry);
428    threadContexts[0]->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst));
429    threadContexts[0]->setNextNPC(prog_entry + (2 * sizeof(MachInst)));
430
431    //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary.
432    stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize);
433
434//    num_processes++;
435}
436
437void
438Sparc32LiveProcess::argsInit(int intSize, int pageSize)
439{
440    typedef M5_32_auxv_t auxv_t;
441    Process::startup();
442
443    string filename;
444    if(argv.size() < 1)
445        filename = "";
446    else
447        filename = argv[0];
448
449    //Even though this is a 32 bit process, the ABI says we still need to
450    //maintain double word alignment of the stack pointer.
451    Addr alignmentMask = ~(8 - 1);
452
453    // load object file into target memory
454    objFile->loadSections(initVirtMem);
455
456    //These are the auxilliary vector types
457    enum auxTypes
458    {
459        SPARC_AT_HWCAP = 16,
460        SPARC_AT_PAGESZ = 6,
461        SPARC_AT_CLKTCK = 17,
462        SPARC_AT_PHDR = 3,
463        SPARC_AT_PHENT = 4,
464        SPARC_AT_PHNUM = 5,
465        SPARC_AT_BASE = 7,
466        SPARC_AT_FLAGS = 8,
467        SPARC_AT_ENTRY = 9,
468        SPARC_AT_UID = 11,
469        SPARC_AT_EUID = 12,
470        SPARC_AT_GID = 13,
471        SPARC_AT_EGID = 14,
472        SPARC_AT_SECURE = 23
473    };
474
475    enum hardwareCaps
476    {
477        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH = 1,
478        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR = 2,
479        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP = 4,
480        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV = 8,
481        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 = 16,
482        //This one should technically only be set
483        //if there is a cheetah or cheetah_plus tlb,
484        //but we'll use it all the time
485        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3 = 32
486    };
487
488    const int64_t hwcap =
489        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH |
490        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR |
491        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP |
492        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV |
493        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_V9 |
494        M5_HWCAP_SPARC_ULTRA3;
495
496
497    //Setup the auxilliary vectors. These will already have endian conversion.
498    //Auxilliary vectors are loaded only for elf formatted executables.
499    ElfObject * elfObject = dynamic_cast<ElfObject *>(objFile);
500    if(elfObject)
501    {
502        //Bits which describe the system hardware capabilities
503        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_HWCAP, hwcap));
504        //The system page size
505        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PAGESZ, SparcISA::VMPageSize));
506        //Defined to be 100 in the kernel source.
507        //Frequency at which times() increments
508        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_CLKTCK, 100));
509        // For statically linked executables, this is the virtual address of the
510        // program header tables if they appear in the executable image
511        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PHDR, elfObject->programHeaderTable()));
512        // This is the size of a program header entry from the elf file.
513        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PHENT, elfObject->programHeaderSize()));
514        // This is the number of program headers from the original elf file.
515        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_PHNUM, elfObject->programHeaderCount()));
516        //This is the address of the elf "interpreter", It should be set
517        //to 0 for regular executables. It should be something else
518        //(not sure what) for dynamic libraries.
519        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_BASE, 0));
520        //This is hardwired to 0 in the elf loading code in the kernel
521        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_FLAGS, 0));
522        //The entry point to the program
523        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_ENTRY, objFile->entryPoint()));
524        //Different user and group IDs
525        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_UID, uid()));
526        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_EUID, euid()));
527        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_GID, gid()));
528        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_EGID, egid()));
529        //Whether to enable "secure mode" in the executable
530        auxv.push_back(auxv_t(SPARC_AT_SECURE, 0));
531    }
532
533    //Figure out how big the initial stack needs to be
534
535    // The unaccounted for 8 byte 0 at the top of the stack
536    int mysterious_size = 8;
537
538    //This is the name of the file which is present on the initial stack
539    //It's purpose is to let the user space linker examine the original file.
540    int file_name_size = filename.size() + 1;
541
542    int env_data_size = 0;
543    for (int i = 0; i < envp.size(); ++i) {
544        env_data_size += envp[i].size() + 1;
545    }
546    int arg_data_size = 0;
547    for (int i = 0; i < argv.size(); ++i) {
548        arg_data_size += argv[i].size() + 1;
549    }
550
551    //The info_block - This seems to need an pad for some reason.
552    int info_block_size =
553        (mysterious_size +
554        file_name_size +
555        env_data_size +
556        arg_data_size + intSize);
557
558    //Each auxilliary vector is two 4 byte words
559    int aux_array_size = intSize * 2 * (auxv.size() + 1);
560
561    int envp_array_size = intSize * (envp.size() + 1);
562    int argv_array_size = intSize * (argv.size() + 1);
563
564    int argc_size = intSize;
565    int window_save_size = intSize * 16;
566
567    int space_needed =
568        info_block_size +
569        aux_array_size +
570        envp_array_size +
571        argv_array_size +
572        argc_size +
573        window_save_size;
574
575    stack_min = stack_base - space_needed;
576    stack_min &= alignmentMask;
577    stack_size = stack_base - stack_min;
578
579    // map memory
580    pTable->allocate(roundDown(stack_min, pageSize),
581                     roundUp(stack_size, pageSize));
582
583    // map out initial stack contents
584    uint32_t window_save_base = stack_min;
585    uint32_t argc_base = window_save_base + window_save_size;
586    uint32_t argv_array_base = argc_base + argc_size;
587    uint32_t envp_array_base = argv_array_base + argv_array_size;
588    uint32_t auxv_array_base = envp_array_base + envp_array_size;
589    //The info block is pushed up against the top of the stack, while
590    //the rest of the initial stack frame is aligned to an 8 byte boudary.
591    uint32_t arg_data_base = stack_base - info_block_size + intSize;
592    uint32_t env_data_base = arg_data_base + arg_data_size;
593    uint32_t file_name_base = env_data_base + env_data_size;
594    uint32_t mysterious_base = file_name_base + file_name_size;
595
596    DPRINTF(Sparc, "The addresses of items on the initial stack:\n");
597    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - file name\n", file_name_base);
598    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - env data\n", env_data_base);
599    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - arg data\n", arg_data_base);
600    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - auxv array\n", auxv_array_base);
601    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - envp array\n", envp_array_base);
602    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argv array\n", argv_array_base);
603    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - argc \n", argc_base);
604    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - window save\n", window_save_base);
605    DPRINTF(Sparc, "0x%x - stack min\n", stack_min);
606
607    // write contents to stack
608
609    // figure out argc
610    uint32_t argc = argv.size();
611    uint32_t guestArgc = TheISA::htog(argc);
612
613    //Write out the mysterious 0
614    uint64_t mysterious_zero = 0;
615    initVirtMem->writeBlob(mysterious_base,
616            (uint8_t*)&mysterious_zero, mysterious_size);
617
618    //Write the file name
619    initVirtMem->writeString(file_name_base, filename.c_str());
620
621    //Copy the aux stuff
622    for(int x = 0; x < auxv.size(); x++)
623    {
624        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + x * 2 * intSize,
625                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_type), intSize);
626        initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + (x * 2 + 1) * intSize,
627                (uint8_t*)&(auxv[x].a_val), intSize);
628    }
629    //Write out the terminating zeroed auxilliary vector
630    const uint64_t zero = 0;
631    initVirtMem->writeBlob(auxv_array_base + 2 * intSize * auxv.size(),
632            (uint8_t*)&zero, 2 * intSize);
633
634    copyStringArray(envp, envp_array_base, env_data_base, initVirtMem);
635    copyStringArray(argv, argv_array_base, arg_data_base, initVirtMem);
636
637    initVirtMem->writeBlob(argc_base, (uint8_t*)&guestArgc, intSize);
638
639    //Stuff the trap handlers into the processes address space.
640    //Since the stack grows down and is the highest area in the processes
641    //address space, we can put stuff above it and stay out of the way.
642    int fillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numFillInsts;
643    int spillSize = sizeof(MachInst) * numSpillInsts;
644    fillStart = stack_base;
645    spillStart = fillStart + fillSize;
646    initVirtMem->writeBlob(fillStart, (uint8_t*)fillHandler32, fillSize);
647    initVirtMem->writeBlob(spillStart, (uint8_t*)spillHandler32, spillSize);
648
649    //Set up the thread context to start running the process
650    //assert(NumArgumentRegs >= 2);
651    //threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[0], argc);
652    //threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(ArgumentReg[1], argv_array_base);
653    threadContexts[0]->setIntReg(StackPointerReg, stack_min);
654
655    uint32_t prog_entry = objFile->entryPoint();
656    threadContexts[0]->setPC(prog_entry);
657    threadContexts[0]->setNextPC(prog_entry + sizeof(MachInst));
658    threadContexts[0]->setNextNPC(prog_entry + (2 * sizeof(MachInst)));
659
660    //Align the "stack_min" to a page boundary.
661    stack_min = roundDown(stack_min, pageSize);
662
663//    num_processes++;
664}
665
666void Sparc32LiveProcess::flushWindows(ThreadContext *tc)
667{
668    IntReg Cansave = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3);
669    IntReg Canrestore = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4);
670    IntReg Otherwin = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6);
671    MiscReg CWP = tc->readMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP);
672    MiscReg origCWP = CWP;
673    CWP = (CWP + Cansave + 2) % NWindows;
674    while(NWindows - 2 - Cansave != 0)
675    {
676        if (Otherwin) {
677            panic("Otherwin non-zero.\n");
678        } else {
679            tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, CWP);
680            //Do the stores
681            IntReg sp = tc->readIntReg(StackPointerReg);
682            for (int index = 16; index < 32; index++) {
683                IntReg regVal = tc->readIntReg(index);
684                regVal = htog(regVal);
685                if (!tc->getMemPort()->tryWriteBlob(
686                        sp + (index - 16) * 4, (uint8_t *)&regVal, 4)) {
687                    warn("Failed to save register to the stack when "
688                            "flushing windows.\n");
689                }
690            }
691            Canrestore--;
692            Cansave++;
693            CWP = (CWP + 1) % NWindows;
694        }
695    }
696    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, Cansave);
697    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, Canrestore);
698    tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, origCWP);
699}
700
701void Sparc64LiveProcess::flushWindows(ThreadContext *tc)
702{
703    IntReg Cansave = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3);
704    IntReg Canrestore = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4);
705    IntReg Otherwin = tc->readIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 6);
706    MiscReg CWP = tc->readMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP);
707    MiscReg origCWP = CWP;
708    CWP = (CWP + Cansave + 2) % NWindows;
709    while(NWindows - 2 - Cansave != 0)
710    {
711        if (Otherwin) {
712            panic("Otherwin non-zero.\n");
713        } else {
714            tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, CWP);
715            //Do the stores
716            IntReg sp = tc->readIntReg(StackPointerReg);
717            for (int index = 16; index < 32; index++) {
718                IntReg regVal = tc->readIntReg(index);
719                regVal = htog(regVal);
720                if (!tc->getMemPort()->tryWriteBlob(
721                        sp + 2047 + (index - 16) * 8, (uint8_t *)&regVal, 8)) {
722                    warn("Failed to save register to the stack when "
723                            "flushing windows.\n");
724                }
725            }
726            Canrestore--;
727            Cansave++;
728            CWP = (CWP + 1) % NWindows;
729        }
730    }
731    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 3, Cansave);
732    tc->setIntReg(NumIntArchRegs + 4, Canrestore);
733    tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CWP, origCWP);
734}
735