xref: /gem5/ext/mcpat/cacti/Ucache.cc

/*****************************************************************************
 *                                McPAT/CACTI
 *                      SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT
 *            Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
 *            Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
 *                          All Rights Reserved
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.

 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 ***************************************************************************/


#include <pthread.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>

#include "Ucache.h"
#include "area.h"
#include "bank.h"
#include "basic_circuit.h"
#include "component.h"
#include "const.h"
#include "decoder.h"
#include "parameter.h"
#include "subarray.h"
#include "uca.h"

using namespace std;

const uint32_t nthreads = NTHREADS;


void min_values_t::update_min_values(const min_values_t * val) {
    min_delay   = (min_delay > val->min_delay) ? val->min_delay : min_delay;
    min_dyn     = (min_dyn > val->min_dyn) ? val->min_dyn : min_dyn;
    min_leakage = (min_leakage > val->min_leakage) ? val->min_leakage : min_leakage;
    min_area    = (min_area > val->min_area) ? val->min_area : min_area;
    min_cyc     = (min_cyc > val->min_cyc) ? val->min_cyc : min_cyc;
}



void min_values_t::update_min_values(const uca_org_t & res) {
    min_delay   = (min_delay > res.access_time) ? res.access_time : min_delay;
    min_dyn     = (min_dyn > res.power.readOp.dynamic) ? res.power.readOp.dynamic : min_dyn;
    min_leakage = (min_leakage > res.power.readOp.leakage) ? res.power.readOp.leakage : min_leakage;
    min_area    = (min_area > res.area) ? res.area : min_area;
    min_cyc     = (min_cyc > res.cycle_time) ? res.cycle_time : min_cyc;
}

void min_values_t::update_min_values(const nuca_org_t * res) {
    min_delay   = (min_delay > res->nuca_pda.delay) ? res->nuca_pda.delay : min_delay;
    min_dyn     = (min_dyn > res->nuca_pda.power.readOp.dynamic) ? res->nuca_pda.power.readOp.dynamic : min_dyn;
    min_leakage = (min_leakage > res->nuca_pda.power.readOp.leakage) ? res->nuca_pda.power.readOp.leakage : min_leakage;
    min_area    = (min_area > res->nuca_pda.area.get_area()) ? res->nuca_pda.area.get_area() : min_area;
    min_cyc     = (min_cyc > res->nuca_pda.cycle_time) ? res->nuca_pda.cycle_time : min_cyc;
}

void min_values_t::update_min_values(const mem_array * res) {
    min_delay   = (min_delay > res->access_time) ? res->access_time : min_delay;
    min_dyn     = (min_dyn > res->power.readOp.dynamic) ? res->power.readOp.dynamic : min_dyn;
    min_leakage = (min_leakage > res->power.readOp.leakage) ? res->power.readOp.leakage : min_leakage;
    min_area    = (min_area > res->area) ? res->area : min_area;
    min_cyc     = (min_cyc > res->cycle_time) ? res->cycle_time : min_cyc;
}



void * calc_time_mt_wrapper(void * void_obj) {
    calc_time_mt_wrapper_struct * calc_obj = (calc_time_mt_wrapper_struct *) void_obj;
    uint32_t tid                   = calc_obj->tid;
    list<mem_array *> & data_arr   = calc_obj->data_arr;
    list<mem_array *> & tag_arr    = calc_obj->tag_arr;
    bool is_tag                    = calc_obj->is_tag;
    bool pure_ram                  = calc_obj->pure_ram;
    bool pure_cam					 = calc_obj->pure_cam;
    bool is_main_mem               = calc_obj->is_main_mem;
    double Nspd_min                = calc_obj->Nspd_min;
    min_values_t * data_res        = calc_obj->data_res;
    min_values_t * tag_res         = calc_obj->tag_res;

    data_arr.clear();
    data_arr.push_back(new mem_array);
    tag_arr.clear();
    tag_arr.push_back(new mem_array);

    uint32_t Ndwl_niter = _log2(MAXDATAN) + 1;
    uint32_t Ndbl_niter = _log2(MAXDATAN) + 1;
    uint32_t Ndcm_niter = _log2(MAX_COL_MUX) + 1;
    uint32_t niter      = Ndwl_niter * Ndbl_niter * Ndcm_niter;


    bool is_valid_partition;
    int wt_min, wt_max;

    if (g_ip->force_wiretype) {
        if (g_ip->wt == 0) {
            wt_min = Low_swing;
            wt_max = Low_swing;
        } else {
            wt_min = Global;
            wt_max = Low_swing - 1;
        }
    } else {
        wt_min = Global;
        wt_max = Low_swing;
    }

    for (double Nspd = Nspd_min; Nspd <= MAXDATASPD; Nspd *= 2) {
        for (int wr = wt_min; wr <= wt_max; wr++) {
            for (uint32_t iter = tid; iter < niter; iter += nthreads) {
                // reconstruct Ndwl, Ndbl, Ndcm
                unsigned int Ndwl = 1 << (iter / (Ndbl_niter * Ndcm_niter));
                unsigned int Ndbl = 1 << ((iter / (Ndcm_niter)) % Ndbl_niter);
                unsigned int Ndcm = 1 << (iter % Ndcm_niter);
                for (unsigned int Ndsam_lev_1 = 1; Ndsam_lev_1 <= MAX_COL_MUX;
                     Ndsam_lev_1 *= 2) {
                    for (unsigned int Ndsam_lev_2 = 1;
                         Ndsam_lev_2 <= MAX_COL_MUX; Ndsam_lev_2 *= 2) {
                        //for debuging
                        if (g_ip->force_cache_config && is_tag == false) {
                            wr   = g_ip->wt;
                            Ndwl = g_ip->ndwl;
                            Ndbl = g_ip->ndbl;
                            Ndcm = g_ip->ndcm;
                            if (g_ip->nspd != 0) {
                                Nspd = g_ip->nspd;
                            }
                            if (g_ip->ndsam1 != 0) {
                                Ndsam_lev_1 = g_ip->ndsam1;
                                Ndsam_lev_2 = g_ip->ndsam2;
                            }
                        }

                        if (is_tag == true) {
                            is_valid_partition = calculate_time(is_tag, pure_ram, pure_cam, Nspd, Ndwl,
                                                                Ndbl, Ndcm, Ndsam_lev_1, Ndsam_lev_2,
                                                                tag_arr.back(), 0, NULL, NULL,
                                                                is_main_mem);
                        }
                        // If it's a fully-associative cache, the data array partition parameters are identical to that of
                        // the tag array, so compute data array partition properties also here.
                        if (is_tag == false || g_ip->fully_assoc) {
                            is_valid_partition = calculate_time(is_tag/*false*/, pure_ram, pure_cam, Nspd, Ndwl,
                                                                Ndbl, Ndcm, Ndsam_lev_1, Ndsam_lev_2,
                                                                data_arr.back(), 0, NULL, NULL,
                                                                is_main_mem);
                        }

                        if (is_valid_partition) {
                            if (is_tag == true) {
                                tag_arr.back()->wt = (enum Wire_type) wr;
                                tag_res->update_min_values(tag_arr.back());
                                tag_arr.push_back(new mem_array);
                            }
                            if (is_tag == false || g_ip->fully_assoc) {
                                data_arr.back()->wt = (enum Wire_type) wr;
                                data_res->update_min_values(data_arr.back());
                                data_arr.push_back(new mem_array);
                            }
                        }

                        if (g_ip->force_cache_config && is_tag == false) {
                            wr   = wt_max;
                            iter = niter;
                            if (g_ip->nspd != 0) {
                                Nspd = MAXDATASPD;
                            }
                            if (g_ip->ndsam1 != 0) {
                                Ndsam_lev_1 = MAX_COL_MUX + 1;
                                Ndsam_lev_2 = MAX_COL_MUX + 1;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    delete data_arr.back();
    delete tag_arr.back();
    data_arr.pop_back();
    tag_arr.pop_back();

#ifndef DEBUG
    pthread_exit(NULL);
#else
    return NULL;
#endif
}



bool calculate_time(
    bool is_tag,
    int pure_ram,
    bool pure_cam,
    double Nspd,
    unsigned int Ndwl,
    unsigned int Ndbl,
    unsigned int Ndcm,
    unsigned int Ndsam_lev_1,
    unsigned int Ndsam_lev_2,
    mem_array *ptr_array,
    int flag_results_populate,
    results_mem_array *ptr_results,
    uca_org_t *ptr_fin_res,
    bool is_main_mem) {
    DynamicParameter dyn_p(is_tag, pure_ram, pure_cam, Nspd, Ndwl, Ndbl, Ndcm, Ndsam_lev_1, Ndsam_lev_2, is_main_mem);

    if (dyn_p.is_valid == false) {
        return false;
    }

    UCA * uca = new UCA(dyn_p);


    //For the final solution, populate the ptr_results data structure
    //-- TODO: copy only necessary variables
    if (flag_results_populate) {
    } else {
        int num_act_mats_hor_dir = uca->bank.dp.num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        int num_mats = uca->bank.dp.num_mats;
        bool is_fa = uca->bank.dp.fully_assoc;
        bool pure_cam = uca->bank.dp.pure_cam;
        ptr_array->Ndwl = Ndwl;
        ptr_array->Ndbl = Ndbl;
        ptr_array->Nspd = Nspd;
        ptr_array->deg_bl_muxing = dyn_p.deg_bl_muxing;
        ptr_array->Ndsam_lev_1 = Ndsam_lev_1;
        ptr_array->Ndsam_lev_2 = Ndsam_lev_2;
        ptr_array->access_time = uca->access_time;
        ptr_array->cycle_time = uca->cycle_time;
        ptr_array->multisubbank_interleave_cycle_time =
            uca->multisubbank_interleave_cycle_time;
        ptr_array->area_ram_cells = uca->area_all_dataramcells;
        ptr_array->area   = uca->area.get_area();
        ptr_array->height = uca->area.h;
        ptr_array->width  = uca->area.w;
        ptr_array->mat_height = uca->bank.mat.area.h;
        ptr_array->mat_length = uca->bank.mat.area.w;
        ptr_array->subarray_height = uca->bank.mat.subarray.area.h;
        ptr_array->subarray_length = uca->bank.mat.subarray.area.w;
        ptr_array->power  = uca->power;
        ptr_array->delay_senseamp_mux_decoder =
            MAX(uca->delay_array_to_sa_mux_lev_1_decoder,
                uca->delay_array_to_sa_mux_lev_2_decoder);
        ptr_array->delay_before_subarray_output_driver =
            uca->delay_before_subarray_output_driver;
        ptr_array->delay_from_subarray_output_driver_to_output =
            uca->delay_from_subarray_out_drv_to_out;

        ptr_array->delay_route_to_bank = uca->htree_in_add->delay;
        ptr_array->delay_input_htree = uca->bank.htree_in_add->delay;
        ptr_array->delay_row_predecode_driver_and_block =
            uca->bank.mat.r_predec->delay;
        ptr_array->delay_row_decoder = uca->bank.mat.row_dec->delay;
        ptr_array->delay_bitlines = uca->bank.mat.delay_bitline;
        ptr_array->delay_matchlines = uca->bank.mat.delay_matchchline;
        ptr_array->delay_sense_amp = uca->bank.mat.delay_sa;
        ptr_array->delay_subarray_output_driver =
            uca->bank.mat.delay_subarray_out_drv_htree;
        ptr_array->delay_dout_htree = uca->bank.htree_out_data->delay;
        ptr_array->delay_comparator = uca->bank.mat.delay_comparator;

        ptr_array->all_banks_height = uca->area.h;
        ptr_array->all_banks_width = uca->area.w;
        ptr_array->area_efficiency = uca->area_all_dataramcells * 100 /
            (uca->area.get_area());

        ptr_array->power_routing_to_bank = uca->power_routing_to_bank;
        ptr_array->power_addr_input_htree = uca->bank.htree_in_add->power;
        ptr_array->power_data_input_htree = uca->bank.htree_in_data->power;
        ptr_array->power_data_output_htree = uca->bank.htree_out_data->power;

        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_drivers =
            uca->bank.mat.r_predec->driver_power;
        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_drivers.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_drivers.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_drivers.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_blocks =
            uca->bank.mat.r_predec->block_power;
        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_blocks.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_blocks.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_row_predecoder_blocks.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_row_decoders = uca->bank.mat.power_row_decoders;
        ptr_array->power_row_decoders.readOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_row_decoders.writeOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_row_decoders.searchOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_drivers =
            uca->bank.mat.b_mux_predec->driver_power;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_drivers.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_drivers.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_drivers.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_blocks =
            uca->bank.mat.b_mux_predec->block_power;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_blocks.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_blocks.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_predecoder_blocks.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_decoders = uca->bank.mat.power_bit_mux_decoders;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_decoders.readOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_decoders.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bit_mux_decoders.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_drivers =
            uca->bank.mat.sa_mux_lev_1_predec->driver_power;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_drivers .readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_drivers .writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_drivers .searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_blocks =
            uca->bank.mat.sa_mux_lev_1_predec->block_power;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_blocks.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_blocks.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_predecoder_blocks.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_decoders =
            uca->bank.mat.power_sa_mux_lev_1_decoders;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_decoders.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_decoders.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_1_decoders.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_drivers =
            uca->bank.mat.sa_mux_lev_2_predec->driver_power;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_drivers.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_drivers.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_drivers.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_blocks =
            uca->bank.mat.sa_mux_lev_2_predec->block_power;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_blocks.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_blocks.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_predecoder_blocks.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_decoders =
            uca->bank.mat.power_sa_mux_lev_2_decoders;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_decoders .readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_decoders .writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_senseamp_mux_lev_2_decoders .searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_bitlines = uca->bank.mat.power_bitline;
        ptr_array->power_bitlines.readOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bitlines.writeOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_bitlines.searchOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_sense_amps = uca->bank.mat.power_sa;
        ptr_array->power_sense_amps.readOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_sense_amps.writeOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_sense_amps.searchOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_prechg_eq_drivers =
            uca->bank.mat.power_bl_precharge_eq_drv;
        ptr_array->power_prechg_eq_drivers.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_prechg_eq_drivers.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_prechg_eq_drivers.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_output_drivers_at_subarray =
            uca->bank.mat.power_subarray_out_drv;
        ptr_array->power_output_drivers_at_subarray.readOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_output_drivers_at_subarray.writeOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_output_drivers_at_subarray.searchOp.dynamic *=
            num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        ptr_array->power_comparators = uca->bank.mat.power_comparator;
        ptr_array->power_comparators.readOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_comparators.writeOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;
        ptr_array->power_comparators.searchOp.dynamic *= num_act_mats_hor_dir;

        if (is_fa || pure_cam) {
            ptr_array->power_htree_in_search =
                uca->bank.htree_in_search->power;
            ptr_array->power_htree_out_search =
                uca->bank.htree_out_search->power;
            ptr_array->power_searchline = uca->bank.mat.power_searchline;
            ptr_array->power_searchline.searchOp.dynamic *= num_mats;
            ptr_array->power_searchline_precharge =
                uca->bank.mat.power_searchline_precharge;
            ptr_array->power_searchline_precharge.searchOp.dynamic *= num_mats;
            ptr_array->power_matchlines = uca->bank.mat.power_matchline;
            ptr_array->power_matchlines.searchOp.dynamic *= num_mats;
            ptr_array->power_matchline_precharge =
                uca->bank.mat.power_matchline_precharge;
            ptr_array->power_matchline_precharge.searchOp.dynamic *= num_mats;
            ptr_array->power_matchline_to_wordline_drv =
                uca->bank.mat.power_ml_to_ram_wl_drv;
        }

        ptr_array->activate_energy = uca->activate_energy;
        ptr_array->read_energy = uca->read_energy;
        ptr_array->write_energy = uca->write_energy;
        ptr_array->precharge_energy = uca->precharge_energy;
        ptr_array->refresh_power = uca->refresh_power;
        ptr_array->leak_power_subbank_closed_page =
            uca->leak_power_subbank_closed_page;
        ptr_array->leak_power_subbank_open_page =
            uca->leak_power_subbank_open_page;
        ptr_array->leak_power_request_and_reply_networks =
            uca->leak_power_request_and_reply_networks;

        ptr_array->precharge_delay = uca->precharge_delay;
    }


    delete uca;
    return true;
}



bool check_uca_org(uca_org_t & u, min_values_t *minval) {
    if (((u.access_time - minval->min_delay) * 100 / minval->min_delay) >
        g_ip->delay_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.power.readOp.dynamic - minval->min_dyn) / minval->min_dyn)*100 >
        g_ip->dynamic_power_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.power.readOp.leakage - minval->min_leakage) /
         minval->min_leakage) * 100 >
        g_ip->leakage_power_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.cycle_time - minval->min_cyc) / minval->min_cyc)*100 >
        g_ip->cycle_time_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.area - minval->min_area) / minval->min_area)*100 >
        g_ip->area_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

bool check_mem_org(mem_array & u, const min_values_t *minval) {
    if (((u.access_time - minval->min_delay) * 100 / minval->min_delay) >
        g_ip->delay_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.power.readOp.dynamic - minval->min_dyn) / minval->min_dyn)*100 >
            g_ip->dynamic_power_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.power.readOp.leakage - minval->min_leakage) /
         minval->min_leakage) * 100 >
        g_ip->leakage_power_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.cycle_time - minval->min_cyc) / minval->min_cyc) * 100 >
        g_ip->cycle_time_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    if (((u.area - minval->min_area) / minval->min_area) * 100 >
        g_ip->area_dev) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}




void find_optimal_uca(uca_org_t *res, min_values_t * minval,
                      list<uca_org_t> & ulist) {
    double cost = 0;
    double min_cost = BIGNUM;
    float d, a, dp, lp, c;

    dp = g_ip->dynamic_power_wt;
    lp = g_ip->leakage_power_wt;
    a  = g_ip->area_wt;
    d  = g_ip->delay_wt;
    c  = g_ip->cycle_time_wt;

    if (ulist.empty() == true) {
        cout << "ERROR: no valid cache organizations found" << endl;
        exit(0);
    }

    for (list<uca_org_t>::iterator niter = ulist.begin(); niter != ulist.end();
         niter++) {
        if (g_ip->ed == 1) {
            cost = ((niter)->access_time / minval->min_delay) *
                ((niter)->power.readOp.dynamic / minval->min_dyn);
            if (min_cost > cost) {
                min_cost = cost;
                *res = (*(niter));
            }
        } else if (g_ip->ed == 2) {
            cost = ((niter)->access_time / minval->min_delay) *
                   ((niter)->access_time / minval->min_delay) *
                   ((niter)->power.readOp.dynamic / minval->min_dyn);
            if (min_cost > cost) {
                min_cost = cost;
                *res = (*(niter));
            }
        } else {
            /*
             * check whether the current organization
             * meets the input deviation constraints
             */
            bool v = check_uca_org(*niter, minval);

            if (v) {
                cost = (d  * ((niter)->access_time / minval->min_delay) +
                        c  * ((niter)->cycle_time / minval->min_cyc) +
                        dp * ((niter)->power.readOp.dynamic / minval->min_dyn) +
                        lp *
                        ((niter)->power.readOp.leakage / minval->min_leakage) +
                        a  * ((niter)->area / minval->min_area));

                if (min_cost > cost) {
                    min_cost = cost;
                    *res = (*(niter));
                    niter = ulist.erase(niter);
                    if (niter != ulist.begin())
                        niter--;
                }
            } else {
                niter = ulist.erase(niter);
                if (niter != ulist.begin())
                    niter--;
            }
        }
    }

    if (min_cost == BIGNUM) {
        cout << "ERROR: no cache organizations met optimization criteria"
             << endl;
        exit(0);
    }
}



void filter_tag_arr(const min_values_t * min, list<mem_array *> & list) {
    double cost = BIGNUM;
    double cur_cost;
    double wt_delay = g_ip->delay_wt;
    double wt_dyn = g_ip->dynamic_power_wt;
    double wt_leakage = g_ip->leakage_power_wt;
    double wt_cyc = g_ip->cycle_time_wt;
    double wt_area = g_ip->area_wt;
    mem_array * res = NULL;

    if (list.empty() == true) {
        cout << "ERROR: no valid tag organizations found" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }


    while (list.empty() != true) {
        bool v = check_mem_org(*list.back(), min);
        if (v) {
            cur_cost = wt_delay * (list.back()->access_time / min->min_delay) +
                       wt_dyn * (list.back()->power.readOp.dynamic /
                                 min->min_dyn) +
                       wt_leakage * (list.back()->power.readOp.leakage /
                                     min->min_leakage) +
                       wt_area * (list.back()->area / min->min_area) +
                       wt_cyc * (list.back()->cycle_time / min->min_cyc);
        } else {
            cur_cost = BIGNUM;
        }
        if (cur_cost < cost) {
            if (res != NULL) {
                delete res;
            }
            cost = cur_cost;
            res  = list.back();
        } else {
            delete list.back();
        }
        list.pop_back();
    }
    if (!res) {
        cout << "ERROR: no valid tag organizations found" << endl;
        exit(0);
    }

    list.push_back(res);
}



void filter_data_arr(list<mem_array *> & curr_list) {
    if (curr_list.empty() == true) {
        cout << "ERROR: no valid data array organizations found" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    list<mem_array *>::iterator iter;

    for (iter = curr_list.begin(); iter != curr_list.end(); ++iter) {
        mem_array * m = *iter;

        if (m == NULL) exit(1);

        if (((m->access_time - m->arr_min->min_delay) / m->arr_min->min_delay >
             0.5) &&
            ((m->power.readOp.dynamic - m->arr_min->min_dyn) /
             m->arr_min->min_dyn > 0.5)) {
            delete m;
            iter = curr_list.erase(iter);
            iter --;
        }
    }
}



/*
 * Performs exhaustive search across different sub-array sizes,
 * wire types and aspect ratios to find an optimal UCA organization
 * 1. First different valid tag array organizations are calculated
 *    and stored in tag_arr array
 * 2. The exhaustive search is repeated to find valid data array
 *    organizations and stored in data_arr array
 * 3. Cache area, delay, power, and cycle time for different
 *    cache organizations are calculated based on the
 *    above results
 * 4. Cache model with least cost is picked from sol_list
 */
void solve(uca_org_t *fin_res) {
    bool   is_dram  = false;
    int    pure_ram = g_ip->pure_ram;
    bool   pure_cam = g_ip->pure_cam;

    init_tech_params(g_ip->F_sz_um, false);


    list<mem_array *> tag_arr (0);
    list<mem_array *> data_arr(0);
    list<mem_array *>::iterator miter;
    list<uca_org_t> sol_list(1, uca_org_t());

    fin_res->tag_array.access_time = 0;
    fin_res->tag_array.Ndwl = 0;
    fin_res->tag_array.Ndbl = 0;
    fin_res->tag_array.Nspd = 0;
    fin_res->tag_array.deg_bl_muxing = 0;
    fin_res->tag_array.Ndsam_lev_1 = 0;
    fin_res->tag_array.Ndsam_lev_2 = 0;


    // distribute calculate_time() execution to multiple threads
    calc_time_mt_wrapper_struct * calc_array =
        new calc_time_mt_wrapper_struct[nthreads];
    pthread_t threads[nthreads];

    for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
        calc_array[t].tid         = t;
        calc_array[t].pure_ram    = pure_ram;
        calc_array[t].pure_cam    = pure_cam;
        calc_array[t].data_res    = new min_values_t();
        calc_array[t].tag_res     = new min_values_t();
    }

    bool     is_tag;
    uint32_t ram_cell_tech_type;

    // If it's a cache, first calculate the area, delay and power for all tag array partitions.
    if (!(pure_ram || pure_cam || g_ip->fully_assoc)) { //cache
        is_tag = true;
        ram_cell_tech_type = g_ip->tag_arr_ram_cell_tech_type;
        is_dram = ((ram_cell_tech_type == lp_dram) ||
                   (ram_cell_tech_type == comm_dram));
        init_tech_params(g_ip->F_sz_um, is_tag);

        for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
            calc_array[t].is_tag      = is_tag;
            calc_array[t].is_main_mem = false;
            calc_array[t].Nspd_min    = 0.125;
#ifndef DEBUG
            pthread_create(&threads[t], NULL, calc_time_mt_wrapper,
                           (void *)(&(calc_array[t])));
#else
            calc_time_mt_wrapper((void *)(&(calc_array[t])));
#endif
        }

#ifndef DEBUG
        for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
            pthread_join(threads[t], NULL);
        }
#endif

        for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
            calc_array[t].data_arr.sort(mem_array::lt);
            data_arr.merge(calc_array[t].data_arr, mem_array::lt);
            calc_array[t].tag_arr.sort(mem_array::lt);
            tag_arr.merge(calc_array[t].tag_arr, mem_array::lt);
        }
    }


    // calculate the area, delay and power for all data array partitions (for cache or plain RAM).
    // in the new cacti, cam, fully_associative cache are processed as single array in the data portion
    is_tag              = false;
    ram_cell_tech_type  = g_ip->data_arr_ram_cell_tech_type;
    is_dram             = ((ram_cell_tech_type == lp_dram) || (ram_cell_tech_type == comm_dram));
    init_tech_params(g_ip->F_sz_um, is_tag);

    for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
        calc_array[t].is_tag      = is_tag;
        calc_array[t].is_main_mem = g_ip->is_main_mem;
        if (!(pure_cam || g_ip->fully_assoc)) {
            calc_array[t].Nspd_min = (double)(g_ip->out_w) /
                (double)(g_ip->block_sz * 8);
        } else {
            calc_array[t].Nspd_min = 1;
        }

#ifndef DEBUG
        pthread_create(&threads[t], NULL, calc_time_mt_wrapper,
                       (void *)(&(calc_array[t])));
#else
        calc_time_mt_wrapper((void *)(&(calc_array[t])));
#endif
    }

#ifndef DEBUG
    for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
        pthread_join(threads[t], NULL);
    }
#endif

    data_arr.clear();
    for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
        calc_array[t].data_arr.sort(mem_array::lt);
        data_arr.merge(calc_array[t].data_arr, mem_array::lt);


    }



    min_values_t * d_min = new min_values_t();
    min_values_t * t_min = new min_values_t();
    min_values_t * cache_min = new min_values_t();

    for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
        d_min->update_min_values(calc_array[t].data_res);
        t_min->update_min_values(calc_array[t].tag_res);
    }

    for (miter = data_arr.begin(); miter != data_arr.end(); miter++) {
        (*miter)->arr_min = d_min;
    }

    filter_data_arr(data_arr);
    if (!(pure_ram || pure_cam || g_ip->fully_assoc)) {
        filter_tag_arr(t_min, tag_arr);
    }

    if (pure_ram || pure_cam || g_ip->fully_assoc) {
        for (miter = data_arr.begin(); miter != data_arr.end(); miter++) {
            uca_org_t & curr_org  = sol_list.back();
            curr_org.tag_array2  = NULL;
            curr_org.data_array2 = (*miter);

            curr_org.find_delay();
            curr_org.find_energy();
            curr_org.find_area();
            curr_org.find_cyc();

            //update min values for the entire cache
            cache_min->update_min_values(curr_org);

            sol_list.push_back(uca_org_t());
        }
    } else {
        while (tag_arr.empty() != true) {
            mem_array * arr_temp = (tag_arr.back());
            tag_arr.pop_back();

            for (miter = data_arr.begin(); miter != data_arr.end(); miter++) {
                uca_org_t & curr_org  = sol_list.back();
                curr_org.tag_array2  = arr_temp;
                curr_org.data_array2 = (*miter);

                curr_org.find_delay();
                curr_org.find_energy();
                curr_org.find_area();
                curr_org.find_cyc();

                //update min values for the entire cache
                cache_min->update_min_values(curr_org);

                sol_list.push_back(uca_org_t());
            }
        }
    }

    sol_list.pop_back();

    find_optimal_uca(fin_res, cache_min, sol_list);

    sol_list.clear();

    for (miter = data_arr.begin(); miter != data_arr.end(); ++miter) {
        if (*miter != fin_res->data_array2) {
            delete *miter;
        }
    }
    data_arr.clear();

    for (uint32_t t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) {
        delete calc_array[t].data_res;
        delete calc_array[t].tag_res;
    }

    delete [] calc_array;
    delete cache_min;
    delete d_min;
    delete t_min;
}

void update(uca_org_t *fin_res)
{
  if(fin_res->tag_array2)
  {
    init_tech_params(g_ip->F_sz_um,true);
    DynamicParameter tag_arr_dyn_p(true, g_ip->pure_ram, g_ip->pure_cam,
                                   fin_res->tag_array2->Nspd,
                                   fin_res->tag_array2->Ndwl,
                                   fin_res->tag_array2->Ndbl,
                                   fin_res->tag_array2->Ndcm,
                                   fin_res->tag_array2->Ndsam_lev_1,
                                   fin_res->tag_array2->Ndsam_lev_2,
                                   g_ip->is_main_mem);
    if(tag_arr_dyn_p.is_valid)
    {
      UCA * tag_arr = new UCA(tag_arr_dyn_p);
      fin_res->tag_array2->power = tag_arr->power;
    }
    else
    {
      cout << "ERROR: Cannot retrieve array structure for leakage feedback"
           << endl;
      exit(1);
    }
  }
  init_tech_params(g_ip->F_sz_um,false);
  DynamicParameter data_arr_dyn_p(false, g_ip->pure_ram, g_ip->pure_cam,
                                  fin_res->data_array2->Nspd,
                                  fin_res->data_array2->Ndwl,
                                  fin_res->data_array2->Ndbl,
                                  fin_res->data_array2->Ndcm,
                                  fin_res->data_array2->Ndsam_lev_1,
                                  fin_res->data_array2->Ndsam_lev_2,
                                  g_ip->is_main_mem);
  if(data_arr_dyn_p.is_valid)
  {
    UCA * data_arr = new UCA(data_arr_dyn_p);
    fin_res->data_array2->power = data_arr->power;
  }
  else
  {
    cout << "ERROR: Cannot retrieve array structure for leakage feedback"
         << endl;
    exit(1);
  }

  fin_res->find_energy();
}