tests: Fix import scope of test

Add missing scope delimiters to Alpha tester

Change-Id: Ib6796864c0dc8fc3108d9d2a7c2f770d2122889a
Signed-off-by: Daniel R. Carvalho <odanrc@yahoo.com.br>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/18708
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Add missing kernels to system creation

Change 149c1fc2d070a8ce073263880ecf2ccf7535e569 removed the
default value of the kernels, and fs tests rely on those.

Change-Id: I6d83420af5881ab59c2d223a9915f363dd8a1c69
Signed-off-by: Daniel R. Carvalho <odanrc@yahoo.com.br>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/18528
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Maintainer: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>

tests: Update test scripts to work with Python 3

Change-Id: I71b1e595765fed9e9f234c9722c33ac5348d4f11
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/15999
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>

tests: Add a helper to run external scripts

Some tests are really just a wrapper around a test script in
configs/. Add a helper method to wrap these scripts to make sure they
are executed in a consistent environment. This wrapper sets up a
global environment that is identical to that created by main() when it
executes the script. Unlike the old wrappers, it updates the module
search path to make relative imports work correctly in Python 3.

Change-Id: Ie9f81ec4e2689aa8cf5ecb9fc8025d3534b5c9ca
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/15976
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Don't override tick rate in Ruby tests

Most Ruby tests assume that the highest frequency in the system under
test is 1GHz and limits the global tick rate to this frequency. This
assumption is broken since the default Ruby configuration scripts
clock the CPU at 2Ghz, which results in warnings and sometimes
incorrect behaviour.

Change-Id: I4b204660862ce3b0ea4a13df42caacd4398fef8c
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/15975
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: fix arm regression due to kernel not found

At Ia49298304f658701ea0800bd79e08db404a655c3 we removed the default
kernel and DTB filenames from FSConfig.py.

However, the regression tests rely on that to find those blobs.

This commit restores those default filenames just for the config of the
regression tests.

Change-Id: I9d7d869b0087ee8a3b63088693f753a703ead5d6
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/15957
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>

cpu: Replace the fastmem with a new CPU model

The AtomicSimpleCPU used to be able to access memory directly to speed
up simulation if no caches are used. This is fine as long as no
switching between CPU models is required. In order to switch to a new
CPU model that requires caches, we currently need to checkpoint the
system and restore it into a new configuration. The new
'atomic_noncaching' memory mode provides a solution that avoids this
issue since caches are bypassed in this mode. This changeset removes
the old fastmem option from the AtomicSimpleCPU and introduces a new
CPU, NonCachingSimpleCPU, which derives from the AtomicSimpleCPU.

The NonCachingSimpleCPU uses the same mechanism as the AtomicSimpleCPU
used to use when accessing memory in when fastmem was enabled.

This changeset also introduces a new switcheroo test that tests
switching between a NonCachingSimpleCPU and a TimingSimpleCPU with
caches.

Change-Id: If01893f9b37528b14f530c11ce6f53c097582c21
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/12419
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

mem-cache: Add a non-coherent cache

The class re-uses the existing MSHR and write queue. At the moment
every single access is handled by the cache, even uncacheable
accesses, and nothing is forwarded.

This is a modified version of a changeset put together by Andreas
Hansson <andreas.hansson@arm.com>

Change-Id: I41f7f9c2b8c7fa5ec23712a4446e8adb1c9a336a
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/8291
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Carvalho <odanrc@yahoo.com.br>

arch-arm, configs: Treat the bootloader rom as cacheable memory

Prior to this changeset the bootloader rom (instantiated as a
SimpleMemory) in ruby Arm systems was treated as an IO device and it
was fronted by a DMA controller. This changeset moves the bootloader
rom and adds it to the system as another memory with a dedicated
directory controller.

Change-Id: I094fed031cdef7f77a939d94f948d967b349b7e0
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/8741
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Add missing print replacements in tests subdir

Some python files were still using deprecated print statement.

Change-Id: I19b1fe9c28650707f01725d40c87ad0538f9c5e6
Signed-off-by: Giacomo Travaglini <giacomo.travaglini@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/9141
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>

tests: Python regression scripts using new print function

Change-Id: I92060da4537e4ff1c0ff665f2f6ffc3850c50e88
Signed-off-by: Giacomo Travaglini <giacomo.travaglini@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Giacomo Gabrielli <giacomo.gabrielli@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/8892
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Add tests for DRAM low power modes

This patch adds two regression tests that execute the script in the
configs dir for triggering low power mode transitions. A separate
test is required for each page policy because for close-adaptive
page policy the DRAM goes into the Precharge Power-down mode while
for open-adaptive page policy it goes into the Activate Power-down
mode.

Change-Id: Iad61af23f132db046f2857cc3ef64b2bf42cf5e4
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/5726
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>

tests: Fix path for module imports in ARM system configs again

One configuration was missed in
"tests: Fix path for module imports in ARM system configs",
which this changeset remedies.

Change-Id: I705e64298a8251dcfefbdca927d61c9bbb8bbea7
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/4940
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Fix path for module imports in ARM system configs

Change-Id: I6fd660da3899de1f8c61bf012532ff0437467302
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/4220
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>

config: Move core timing models to config/common/cores

Change-Id: I189b6462cc64f7cc6c1b7a6c2af1abb60e1854de
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Gabor Dozsa <gabor.dozsa@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/3943
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Add ARM MOESI_CMP_directory regressions

Change-Id: I3d9c1249a2d39f20fb60c4d4e8af7d1d5731dbef
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2908
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>

python: Use PyBind11 instead of SWIG for Python wrappers

Use the PyBind11 wrapping infrastructure instead of SWIG to generate
wrappers for functionality that needs to be exported to Python. This
has several benefits:

* PyBind11 can be redistributed with gem5, which means that we have
full control of the version used. This avoid a large number of
hard-to-debug SWIG issues we have seen in the past.

* PyBind11 doesn't rely on a custom C++ parser, instead it relies on
wrappers being explicitly declared in C++. The leads to slightly
more boiler-plate code in manually created wrappers, but doesn't
doesn't increase the overall code size. A big benefit is that this
avoids strange compilation errors when SWIG doesn't understand
modern language features.

* Unlike SWIG, there is no risk that the wrapper code incorporates
incorrect type casts (this has happened on numerous occasions in
the past) since these will result in compile-time errors.

As a part of this change, the mechanism to define exported methods has
been redesigned slightly. New methods can be exported either by
declaring them in the SimObject declaration and decorating them with
the cxxMethod decorator or by adding an instance of
PyBindMethod/PyBindProperty to the cxx_exports class variable. The
decorator has the added benefit of making it possible to add a
docstring and naming the method's parameters.

The new wrappers have the following known issues:

* Global events can't be memory managed correctly. This was the
case in SWIG as well.

Change-Id: I88c5a95b6cf6c32fa9e1ad31dfc08b2e8199a763
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Hansson <andreas.hansson@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Bardsley <andrew.bardsley@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2231
Reviewed-by: Tony Gutierrez <anthony.gutierrez@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Pierre-Yves Péneau <pierre-yves.peneau@lirmm.fr>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

base: Refactor logging to make log level selection cleaner

It's currently possible to change the log level in gem5 by tweaking a
set of global variables. These variables are currently exposed to
Python using SWIG. This mechanism is far from ideal for two reasons:
First, changing the log level requires that the Python world enables
or disables individual levels. Ideally, this should be a single call
where a log level is selected. Second, exporting global variables is
poorly supported by most Python frameworks. SWIG puts variables in
their own namespace and PyBind doesn't seem to support it at all.

This changeset refactors the logging code to create a more abstract
interface. Each log level is associated with an instance of a Logger
class. This class contains common functionality, an enable flag, and a
verbose flag.

Available LogLevels are described by the LogLevel class. Lower log
levels are used for more critical messages (PANIC being level 0) and
higher levels for less critical messages. The highest log level that
is printed is controlled by calling Logger:setLevel().

Change-Id: I31e44299d242d953197a8e62679250c91d6ef776
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Gabor Dozsa <gabor.dozsa@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

mem: Update DRAM configuration names

Names of DRAM configurations were updated to reflect both
the channel and device data width.

Previous naming format was:
<DEVICE_TYPE>_<DATA_RATE>_<CHANNEL_WIDTH>

The following nomenclature is now used:
<DEVICE_TYPE>_<DATA_RATE>_<n>x<w>
where n = The number of devices per rank on the channel
x = Device width

Total channel width can be calculated by n*w

Example:
A 64-bit DDR4, 2400 channel consisting of 4-bit devices:
n = 16
w = 4
The resulting configuration name is:
DDR4_2400_16x4

Updated scripts to match new naming convention.

Added unique configurations for DDR4 for:
1) 16x4
2) 8x8
3) 4x16

Change-Id: Ibd7f763b7248835c624309143cb9fc29d56a69d1
Reviewed-by: Radhika Jagtap <radhika.jagtap@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>

python: Move native wrappers to the _m5 namespace

Swig wrappers for native objects currently share the _m5.internal name
space with Python code. This is undesirable if we ever want to switch
from Swig to some other framework for native binding (e.g., PyBind11
or Boost::Python). This changeset moves all of such wrappers to the
_m5 namespace, which is now reserved for native code.

Change-Id: I2d2bc12dbc05b57b7c5a75f072e08124413d77f3
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>

tests: Check for TrafficGen as part of memcheck regression

Since protobuf is still considered optional we do not always have the
TrafficGen. Check before running the memcheck regression.

tests, ruby: Move rubytests from ALPHA (linux) to NULL (none)

This patch avoids compiling ALPHA six times as part of running
'util/regress', and instead relis on NULL with different protocols to
run the rubytest. All we need is the memory system, so there is really
no need to compile the ISA over and over again.

The one downside is the removal of running 'hello' for the variuos
ALPHA and protocol combinations, but if this is a concern we should
rather beef up the synthetic tests for the variuos protocols.

config: Make configs/common a Python package

Continue along the same line as the recent patch that made the
Ruby-related config scripts Python packages and make also the
configs/common directory a package.

All affected config scripts are updated (hopefully).

Note that this change makes it apparent that the current organisation
and naming of the config directory and its subdirectories is rather
chaotic. We mix scripts that are directly invoked with scripts that
merely contain convenience functions. While it is not addressed in
this patch we should follow up with a re-organisation of the
config structure, and renaming of some of the packages.

ruby: Fix regressions and make Ruby configs Python packages

This patch moves the addition of network options into the Ruby module
to avoid the regressions all having to add it explicitly. Doing this
exposes an issue in our current config system though, namely the fact
that addtoPath is relative to the Python script being executed. Since
both example and regression scripts use the Ruby module we would end
up with two different (relative) paths being added. Instead we take a
first step at turning the config modules into Python packages, simply
by adding a __init__.py in the configs/ruby, configs/topologies and
configs/network subdirectories.

As a result, we can now add the top-level configs directory to the
Python search path, and then use the package names in the various
modules. The example scripts are also updated, and the messy
path-deducing variations in the scripts are unified.

mem: Add snoop filter to SystemXBar by default

This patch changes the default behaviour of the SystemXBar, adding a
snoop filter. With the recent updates to the snoop filter allocation
behaviour this change no longer causes problems for the regressions
without caches.

Change-Id: Ibe0cd437b71b2ede9002384126553679acc69cc1
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Gutierrez <anthony.gutierrez@amd.com>

tests: Remove working dir assumption in tgen tests

The traffic generator tests currently assume that they are run from
the root of the source directory. This sometimes breaks tests when
they are run using the new test framework.

Change-Id: I6538a7902694c5d2c980295e076ea1c09acc4291
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>

mem, config: Selective use of snoop filter

Disable the default snoop filter in the SystemXBar so that the
typical membus does not have a snoop filter by default. Instead,
add the snoop filter only when there are caches added to the system
(with the caches / l2cache options).

The underlying problem is that the snoop filter grows without
bounds (for now) if there are no caches to tell it that lines have
been evicted. This causes slow regression runs for all the atomic
regressions. This patch fixes this behaviour.

tests: Enable test running outside of gem5's source tree

The learning gem5 scripts currently assumes that the current working
directory is the root of gem5's source tree. This isn't necessarily
the case when running the tests using gem5's new test runner.

Change-Id: Ief569bbe77b1b3e2b0fb0e6c575fb0705bbba9b3
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>

tests: Add a basic memcheck regression

This patch adds a simple regression that calls the existing
memcheck.py script.

tests: Update learning gem5 tests scripts with copyright

style: remove trailing whitespace

Result of running 'hg m5style --skip-all --fix-white -a'.

ruby: changed all references to numCPs to num-cp

gpu-compute: AMD's baseline GPU model

regress: updates required for the compute-gpu patches

tests: Update SMT tests to correctly configure CPUs

The 01.hello-2T-smt test case for the O3 CPU didn't correctly setup
the number of threads before creating interrupt controllers, which
confused the constructor in BaseCPU. This changeset adds SMT support
to the test configuration infrastructure.

isa,cpu: Add support for FS SMT Interrupts

Adds per-thread interrupt controllers and thread/context logic
so that interrupts properly get routed in SMT systems.

tests: Add tests for the Learning gem5 scripts

These tests will ensure that Learning gem5 scripts are always up to date with
the changes in the mainline of gem5.

Committed by: Nilay Vaish <nilay@cs.wisc.edu>

mem: Move trace functionality from the CommMonitor to a probe

This changeset moves the access trace functionality from the
CommMonitor into a separate probe. The probe can be hooked up to any
component that exports probe points of the type ProbePoints::Packet.

This patch moves the dependency on Google's Protocol Buffers library
from the CommMonitor to the MemTraceProbe, which means that the
CommMonitor (including stack distance profiling) no long depends on
it.

mem: Redesign the stack distance calculator as a probe

This changeset removes the stack distance calculator hooks from the
CommMonitor class and implements a stack distance calculator as a
memory system probe instead. The probe can be hooked up to any
component that exports probe points of the type ProbePoints::Packet.

tests: Add Minor to the ARM full switcheroo tests

Add the Minor CPU to the RealView and RealView64 full switcheroo
tests.

sim: Decouple draining from the SimObject hierarchy

Draining is currently done by traversing the SimObject graph and
calling drain()/drainResume() on the SimObjects. This is not ideal
when non-SimObjects (e.g., ports) need draining since this means that
SimObjects owning those objects need to be aware of this.

This changeset moves the responsibility for finding objects that need
draining from SimObjects and the Python-side of the simulator to the
DrainManager. The DrainManager now maintains a set of all objects that
need draining. To reduce the overhead in classes owning non-SimObjects
that need draining, objects inheriting from Drainable now
automatically register with the DrainManager. If such an object is
destroyed, it is automatically unregistered. This means that drain()
and drainResume() should never be called directly on a Drainable
object.

While implementing the new functionality, the DrainManager has now
been made thread safe. In practice, this means that it takes a lock
whenever it manipulates the set of Drainable objects since SimObjects
in different threads may create Drainable objects
dynamically. Similarly, the drain counter is now an atomic_uint, which
ensures that it is manipulated correctly when objects signal that they
are done draining.

A nice side effect of these changes is that it makes the drain state
changes stricter, which the simulation scripts can exploit to avoid
redundant drains.

tests: Skip SPARC tests if the required binaries are missing

The full-system SPARC tests depend on several binaries that aren't
generally available to the wider community. Flag the tests as skipped
instead of failed if these binaries can't be found.

mem: Allow read-only caches and check compliance

This patch adds a parameter to the BaseCache to enable a read-only
cache, for example for the instruction cache, or table-walker cache
(not for x86). A number of checks are put in place in the code to
ensure a read-only cache does not end up with dirty data.

A follow-on patch adds suitable read requests to allow a read-only
cache to explicitly ask for clean data.

test, arm: Add scripts to test checkpoints

Add a set of scripts to automatically test checkpointing in the
regression framework. The checkpointing tests are similar to the
switcheroo tests, but instead of switching between CPUs, they
checkpoint the system and restore from the checkpoint again. This is
done at regular intervals, typically while booting Linux.

The implementation is fairly straight forward, with the exception that
we have to work around gem5's inability to restore from a checkpoint
after a system has been instantiated. We work around this by forking
off child processes that does the actual simulation and never
instantiate a system in the parent process unless a maximum checkpoint
count is reached (in which case we just simulate the system to
completion in the parent).

Checkpoint testing is currently only enabled 32- and 64-bit ARM
systems using atomic CPUs.

Note: An unfortunate side-effect of forking is that every new process
will overwrite the stats and terminal output from the previous
process. This means that the output directory only contains data from
the last checkpoint.

mem: Move crossbar default latencies to subclasses

This patch introduces a few subclasses to the CoherentXBar and
NoncoherentXBar to distinguish the different uses in the system. We
use the crossbar in a wide range of places: interfacing cores to the
L2, as a system interconnect, connecting I/O and peripherals,
etc. Needless to say, these crossbars have very different performance,
and the clock frequency alone is not enough to distinguish these
scenarios.

Instead of trying to capture every possible case, this patch
introduces dedicated subclasses for the three primary use-cases:
L2XBar, SystemXBar and IOXbar. More can be added if needed, and the
defaults can be overridden.

cpu: Tidy up the MemTest and make false sharing more obvious

The MemTest class really only tests false sharing, and as such there
was a lot of old cruft that could be removed. This patch cleans up the
tester, and also makes it more clear what the assumptions are. As part
of this simplification the reference functional memory is also
removed.

The regression configs using MemTest are updated to reflect the
changes, and the stats will be bumped in a separate patch. The example
config will be updated in a separate patch due to more extensive
re-work.

In a follow-on patch a new tester will be introduced that uses the
MemChecker to implement true sharing.

tests: Remove deprecated InOrderCPU tests

This patch removes the three MIPS and SPARC regressions that use the
deprecated InOrderCPU.

This is the first step in completely removing the code from the tree,
avoiding confusion, and focusing all development efforts on the
MinorCPU. Brave new world.

tests: Add a regression for the stack distance calculator

Re-use the existing traffic generator regression, and enable the stack
distance calculation in the comm monitor, along with the verification
stack.

The traffic generator config is also tuned to not increase the
run-time too much (and actually have some address re-use).

ruby: interface with classic memory controller
This patch is the final in the series. The whole series and this patch in
particular were written with the aim of interfacing ruby's directory controller
with the memory controller in the classic memory system. This is being done
since ruby's memory controller has not being kept up to date with the changes
going on in DRAMs. Classic's memory controller is more up to date and
supports multiple different types of DRAM. This also brings classic and
ruby ever more close. The patch also changes ruby's memory controller to
expose the same interface.

ruby: single physical memory in fs mode
Both ruby and the system used to maintain memory copies. With the changes
carried for programmed io accesses, only one single memory is required for
fs simulations. This patch sets the copy of memory that used to reside
with the system to null, so that no space is allocated, but address checks
can still be carried out. All the memory accesses now source and sink values
to the memory maintained by ruby.

arm, tests: Update config files to more recent kernels and create 64-bit regressions.

This changes the default ARM system to a Versatile Express-like system that supports
2GB of memory and PCI devices and updates the default kernels/file-systems for
AArch64 ARM systems (64-bit) to support up to 32GB of memory and PCI devices. Some
platforms that are no longer supported have been pruned from the configuration files.

In addition a set of 64-bit ARM regressions have been added to the regression system.

tests: Use more representative configs for ARM tests

This patch changes the CPU and cache configurations used in the ARM SE and FS
regressions to make them more representative, and also get better code
coverage by exercising different replacement policies and use an L2
prefetcher.

mem: Rename Bus to XBar to better reflect its behaviour

This patch changes the name of the Bus classes to XBar to better
reflect the actual timing behaviour. The actual instances in the
config scripts are not renamed, and remain as e.g. iobus or membus.

As part of this renaming, the code has also been clean up slightly,
making use of range-based for loops and tidying up some comments. The
only changes outside the bus/crossbar code is due to the delay
variables in the packet.

tests: Add a memtest version using the ideal SnoopFilter

This patch adds a basic regression test for the snoop filter.

alpha: Stop using 'inorder' and rely entirely on 'minor'

This patch avoids building the 'inorder' CPU model for any permutation
of ALPHA, and also removes the ALPHA regressions using the 'inorder'
CPU. The 'minor' CPU is already providing a broader test coverage.

tests: Use O3_ARM_v7a config for full-system ARM regressions

This patch changes the CPU configuration used for the full-system ARM
regressions to increase the test coverage. Note that it is only the
core configuration, and not the caches etc.

ruby: Fixes clock domains in configuration files

This patch fixes scripts related to ruby by adding the ruby clock domain.
Now the L1 controllers and the Sequencer shares the cpu clock domain,
while the rest of the components use the ruby clock domain.

Before this patch, running simulations with the cpu clock set at 2GHz or
1GHz will output the same time results and could distort power measurements.

Committed by: Nilay Vaish <nilay@cs.wisc.edu>

cpu: Minor CPU add regression tests for ARM and ALPHA

This patch adds regression tests results and test harnesses
for the Minor CPU on ARM and ALPHA.

tests: Reflect name change in DRAM tests

This patch reflects the recent name change in the DRAM TrafficGen
tests and also tidies up the test directory.

mem: Auto-generate CommMonitor trace file names

Splits the CommMonitor trace_file parameter into three parameters. Previously,
the trace was only enabled if the trace_file parameter was set, and would be
written to this file. This patch adds in a trace_enable and trace_compress
parameter to the CommMonitor.

No trace is generated if trace_enable is set to False. If it is set to True, the
trace is written to a file based on the name of the SimObject in the simulation
hierarchy. For example, system.cluster.il1_commmonitor.trc. This filename can be
overridden by additionally specifying a file name to the trace_file parameter
(more on this later).

The trace_compress parameter will append .gz to any filename if set to True.
This enables compression of the generated traces. If the file name already ends
in .gz, then no changes are made.

The trace_file parameter will override the name set by the trace_enable
parameter. In the case that the specified name does not end in .gz but
trace_compress is set to true, .gz is appended to the supplied file name.

config: ruby: rename _cpu_ruby_ports to _cpu_ports

config: remove ruby_fs.py

The patch removes the ruby_fs.py file. The functionality is being moved to
fs.py. This would being ruby fs simulations in line with how ruby se
simulations are started (using --ruby option). The alpha fs config functions
are being combined for classing and ruby memory systems. This required
renaming the piobus in ruby to iobus. So, we will have stats being renamed
in the stats file for ruby fs regression.

ruby: no piobus in se mode
Piobus was recently added to se scripts for ruby so that the interrupt
controller can be connected to something (required since the interrupt
controller sends address range messages). This patch removes the piobus
and instead, the pio port of ruby port will now ignore the range change
messages in se mode.

ruby: correct errors in changeset 4eec7bdde5b0
Couple of errors were discovered in 4eec7bdde5b0 which necessitated this patch.
Firstly, we create interrupt controllers in the se mode, but no piobus was
being created. RubyPort, which earlier used to ignore range changes now
forwards those to the piobus. The lack of piobus resulted in segmentation
fault. This patch creates a piobus even in se mode. It is not created only
when some tester is running. Secondly, I had missed out on modifying port
connections for other coherence protocols.

ruby: route all packets through ruby port
Currently, the interrupt controller in x86 is connected to the io bus
directly. Therefore the packets between the io devices and the interrupt
controller do not go through ruby. This patch changes ruby port so that
these packets arrive at the ruby port first, which then routes them to their
destination. Note that the patch does not make these packets go through the
ruby network. That would happen in a subsequent patch.

config, x86: move kernel specification from tests to FSConfig.py

For some reason, the default x86 kernel is specified in
tests/configs/x86_generic.py and not in configs/common/FSConfig.py,
where the kernels for all the other ISAs are. This means that
running configs/example/fs.py for x86 fails because no kernel
is specified. Moving the specification over fixes this problem.

There is another problem that this uncovers, which is that going
past the init stage (i.e., past where the regression test stops)
fails because the fsck test on the disk device fails, but that's
a separate issue.

tests: suppress output on switcheroo tests

The output from the switcheroo tests is voluminous and
(because it includes timestamps) highly sensitive to
minor changes, leading to extremely large updates to the
reference outputs. This patch addresses this problem
by suppressing output from the tests. An internal
parameter can be set to enable the output. Wiring that
up to a command-line flag (perhaps even the rudimantary
-v/-q options in m5/main.py) is left for future work.

test: Use SimpleMemory for atomic full-system tests

Keep it simple and use the SimpleMemory rather than the DRAM
controller model for atomic full-system tests.

ruby: add option for number of transitions per cycle
The number of transitions per cycle that a controller can carry out is
a proxy for the number of ports that a controller has. This value is
currently 32 which is way too high. The patch introduces an option
for the number of ports and uses this option in the protocol files
to set the number of transitions. The default value is being set to
4. None of the se regressions change. Ruby stats for the fs regression
change and are being updated.

mem: Change AbstractMemory defaults to match the common case

This patch changes the default parameter value of conf_table_reported
to match the common case. It also simplifies the regression and config
scripts to reflect this change.

power: Add voltage domains to the clock domains

This patch adds the notion of voltage domains, and groups clock
domains that operate under the same voltage (i.e. power supply) into
domains. Each clock domain is required to be associated with a voltage
domain, and the latter requires the voltage to be explicitly set.

A voltage domain is an independently controllable voltage supply being
provided to section of the design. Thus, if you wish to perform
dynamic voltage scaling on a CPU, its clock domain should be
associated with a separate voltage domain.

The current implementation of the voltage domain does not take into
consideration cases where there are derived voltage domains running at
ratio of native voltage domains, as with the case where there can be
on-chip buck/boost (charge pumps) voltage regulation logic.

The regression and configuration scripts are updated with a generic
voltage domain for the system, and one for the CPUs.

config: Move the memory instantiation outside FSConfig

This patch moves the instantiation of the memory controller outside
FSConfig and instead relies on the mem_ranges to pass the information
to the caller (e.g. fs.py or one of the regression scripts). The main
motivation for this change is to expose the structural composition of
the memory system and allow more tuning and configuration without
adding a large number of options to the makeSystem functions.

The patch updates the relevant example scripts to maintain the current
functionality. As the order that ports are connected to the memory bus
changes (in certain regresisons), some bus stats are shuffled
around. For example, what used to be layer 0 is now layer 1.

Going forward, options will be added to support the addition of
multi-channel memory controllers.

regressions: update a couple of configs
The configs for pc-simple-timing-ruby, t1000-simple-atomic had not been
updated correctly in the patch 6e6cefc1db1f.

sim: Add the notion of clock domains to all ClockedObjects

This patch adds the notion of source- and derived-clock domains to the
ClockedObjects. As such, all clock information is moved to the clock
domain, and the ClockedObjects are grouped into domains.

The clock domains are either source domains, with a specific clock
period, or derived domains that have a parent domain and a divider
(potentially chained). For piece of logic that runs at a derived clock
(a ratio of the clock its parent is running at) the necessary derived
clock domain is created from its corresponding parent clock
domain. For now, the derived clock domain only supports a divider,
thus ensuring a lower speed compared to its parent. Multiplier
functionality implies a PLL logic that has not been modelled yet
(create a separate clock instead).

The clock domains should be used as a mechanism to provide a
controllable clock source that affects clock for every clocked object
lying beneath it. The clock of the domain can (in a future patch) be
controlled by a handler responsible for dynamic frequency scaling of
the respective clock domains.

All the config scripts have been retro-fitted with clock domains. For
the System a default SrcClockDomain is created. For CPUs that run at a
different speed than the system, there is a seperate clock domain
created. This domain incorporates the CPU and the associated
caches. As before, Ruby runs under its own clock domain.

The clock period of all domains are pre-computed, such that no virtual
functions or multiplications are needed when calling
clockPeriod. Instead, the clock period is pre-computed when any
changes occur. For this to be possible, each clock domain tracks its
children.

config: Add a BaseSESystem builder for re-use in regressions

This patch extends the existing system builders to also include a
syscall-emulation builder. This builder is deployed in all
syscall-emulation regressions that do not involve Ruby,
i.e. o3-timing, simple-timing and simple-atomic, as well as the
multi-processor regressions o3-timing-mp, simple-timing-mp and
simple-atomic-mp (the latter are only used by SPARC at this point).

The values chosen for the cache sizes match those that were used in
the existing config scripts (despite being on the large
side). Similarly, a mem_class parameter is added to the builder base
class to enable simple-atomic to use SimpleMemory and o3-timing to use
the default DDR3 configuration.

Due to the different order the ports are connected, the bus stats get
shuffled around for the multi-processor regressions. A separate patch
bumps the port indices. Besides this, all behaviour is exactly the
same.

config: Add a system clock command-line option

This patch adds a 'sys_clock' command-line option and use it to assign
clocks to the system during instantiation.

As part of this change, the default clock in the System class is
removed and whenever a system is instantiated a system clock value
must be set. A default value is provided for the command-line option.

The configs and tests are updated accordingly.

config: Remove redundant explicit setting of default clocks

This patch removes the explicit setting of the clock period for
certain instances of CoherentBus, NonCoherentBus and IOCache where the
specified clock is same as the default value of the system clock. As
all the values used are the defaults, there are no performance
changes. There are similar cases where the toL2Bus is set to use the
parent CPU clock which is already the default behaviour.

The main motivation for these simplifications is to ease the
introduction of clock domains.

mem: More descriptive DRAM config names

This patch changes the class names of the variuos DRAM configurations
to better reflect what memory they are based on. The speed and
interface width is now part of the name, and also the alias that is
used to select them on the command line.

Some minor changes are done to the actual parameters, to better
reflect the named configurations. As a result of these changes the
regressions change slightly and the stats will be bumped in a separate
patch.

config: Added memory type to t1000 regression

This patch adds the memory type parameter to the t1000 regression.

x86: regressions: add switcher full test

config: Add a mem-type config option to se/fs scripts

This patch enables selection of the memory controller class through a
mem-type command-line option. Behind the scenes, this option is
treated much like the cpu-type, and a similar framework is used to
resolve the valid options, and translate the short-hand description to
a valid class.

The regression scripts are updated with a hardcoded memory class for
the moment. The best solution going forward is probably to get the
memory out of the makeSystem functions, but Ruby complicates things as
it does not connect the memory controller to the membus.

tests: Add support for testing KVM-based CPUs

This changeset adds support for initializing a KVM VM in the
BaseSystem test class and adds the following methods in run.py:

require_file -- Test if a file exists and abort/skip if not.
require_kvm -- Test if KVM support has been compiled into gem5 (i.e.,
BaseKvmCPU exists) and the KVM device exists on the
host.

arm: Enable support for triggering a sim panic on kernel panics

Add the options 'panic_on_panic' and 'panic_on_oops' to the
LinuxArmSystem SimObject. When these option are enabled, the simulator
panics when the guest kernel panics or oopses. Enable panic on panic
and panic on oops in ARM-based test cases.

ruby: remove the functional copy of memory in se mode
This patch removes the functional copy of the memory that was maintained in
the se mode. Now ruby itself will provide the data.

config: Move CPU handover logic to m5.switchCpus()

CPU switching consists of the following steps:
1. Drain the system
2. Switch out old CPUs (cpu.switchOut())
3. Change the system timing mode to the mode the new CPUs require
4. Flush caches if switching to hardware virtualization
5. Inform new CPUs of the handover (cpu.takeOverFrom())
6. Resume the system

m5.switchCpus() previously only did step 2 & 5. Since information
about the new processors' memory system requirements is now exposed,
do all of the steps above.

This patch adds automatic memory system switching and flush (if
needed) to switchCpus(). Additionally, it adds optional draining to
switchCpus(). This has the following implications:

* changeToTiming and changeToAtomic are no longer needed, so they have
been removed.

* changeMemoryMode is only used internally, so it is has been renamed
to be private.

* switchCpus requires a reference to the system containing the CPUs as
its first parameter.

WARNING: This changeset breaks compatibility with existing
configuration scripts since it changes the signature of
m5.switchCpus().

mem: Add DDR3 and LPDDR2 DRAM controller configurations

This patch moves the default DRAM parameters from the SimpleDRAM class
to two different subclasses, one for DDR3 and one for LPDDR2. More can
be added as we go forward.

The regressions that previously used the SimpleDRAM are now using
SimpleDDR3 as this is the most similar configuration.

tests: Add CPU switching tests

This changeset adds a set of tests that stress the CPU switching
code. It adds the following test configurations:

* tsunami-switcheroo-full -- Alpha system (atomic, timing, O3)
* realview-switcheroo-atomic -- ARM system (atomic<->atomic)
* realview-switcheroo-timing -- ARM system (timing<->timing)
* realview-switcheroo-o3 -- ARM system (O3<->O3)
* realview-switcheroo-full -- ARM system (atomic, timing, O3)

Reference data is provided for the 10.linux-boot test case. All of the
tests trigger a CPU switch once per millisecond during the boot
process.

The in-order CPU model was not included in any of the tests as it does
not support CPU handover.

config: Do not use hardcoded physmem in fs script

This patch generalises the address range resolution for the I/O cache
and I/O bridge such that they do not assume a single memory. The patch
involves adding a parameter to the system which is then defined based
on the memories that are to be visible from the I/O subsystem, whether
behind a cache or a bridge.

The change is needed to allow interleaved memory controllers in the
system.

cpu: Add support for protobuf input for the trace generator

This patch adds support for reading input traces encoded using
protobuf according to what is done in the CommMonitor.

A follow-up patch adds a Python script that can be used to convert the
previously used ASCII traces to protobuf equivalents. The appropriate
regression input is updated as part of this patch.

mem: Add tracing support in the communication monitor

This patch adds packet tracing to the communication monitor using a
protobuf as the mechanism for creating the trace.

If no file is specified, then the tracing is disabled. If a file is
specified, then for every packet that is successfully sent, a protobuf
message is serialized to the file.

tests: Always specify memory mode in every test system.

Previous to this change we didn't always set the memory mode which worked as
long as we never attempted to switch CPUs or checked that a CPU was in a
memory system with the correct mode. Future changes will make CPUs verify
that they're operating in the correct mode and thus we need to always set it.

tests: Create base classes to encapsulate common test configurations

Most of the test cases currently contain a large amount of duplicated
boiler plate code. This changeset introduces a set of classes that
encapsulates most of the functionality when setting up a test
configuration.

The following base classes are introduced:
* BaseSystem - Basic system configuration that can be used for both
SE and FS simulation.

* BaseFSSystem - Basic FS configuration uni-processor and multi-processor
configurations.

* BaseFSSystemUniprocessor - Basic FS configuration for uni-processor
configurations. This is provided as a way
to make existing test cases backwards
compatible.

Architecture specific implementations are provided for ARM, Alpha, and
X86.

stats: Update stats for fixed simple-atomic-mp config

This patch updates the stats for the regressions that were affected by
the typo in the simple-atomic-mp configuration.

config: Fix a typo in the simple-atomic-mp configuration

This patch fixes a minor typo that managed to sneak into the
simple-atomic-mp regression configuration.

config: Unify caches used in regressions and adjust L2 MSHRs

This patch unified the L1 and L2 caches used throughout the
regressions instead of declaring different, but very similar,
configurations in the different scripts.

The patch also changes the default L2 configuration to match what it
used to be for the fs and se scripts (until the last patch that
updated the regressions to also make use of the cache config). The
MSHRs and targets per MSHR are now set to a more realistic default of
20 and 12, respectively.

As a result of both the aforementioned changes, many of the regression
stats are changed. A follow-on patch will bump the stats.

config: Fix the cache class naming in regression scripts

This patch unifies the naming of the default L1 and L2 caches in the
regression configs to be in line with what is used in the se and fs
scripts.

config: Use SimpleDRAM in full-system, and with o3 and inorder

This patch favours using SimpleDRAM with the default timing instead of
SimpleMemory for all regressions that involve the o3 or inorder CPU,
or are full system (in other words, where the actual performance of
the memory is important for the overall performance).

Moving forward, the solution for FSConfig and the users of fs.py and
se.py is probably something similar to what we use to choose the CPU
type. I envision a few pre-set configurations SimpleLPDDR2,
SimpleDDR3, etc that can be choosen by a dram_type option. Feedback on
this part is welcome.

This patch changes plenty stats and adds all the DRAM controller
related stats. A follow-on patch updates the relevant statistics. The
total run-time for the entire regression goes up with ~5% with this
patch due to the added complexity of the SimpleDRAM model. This is a
concious trade-off to ensure that the model is properly tested.

config: Use shared cache config for regressions

This patch uses the common L1, L2 and IOCache configuration for the
regressions that all share the same cache parameters. There are a few
regressions that use a slightly different configuration (memtest,
o3-timing=mp, simple-atomic-mp and simple-timing-mp), and the latter
are not changed in this patch. They will be updated in a future patch.

The common cache configurations are changed to match the ones used in
the regressions, and are slightly changed with respect to what they
were. Hopefully this means we can converge on a common base
configuration, used both in the normal user configurations and
regressions.

As only regressions that shared the same cache configuration are
updated, no regressions are affected.

Mem: Use cycles to express cache-related latencies

This patch changes the cache-related latencies from an absolute time
expressed in Ticks, to a number of cycles that can be scaled with the
clock period of the caches. Ultimately this patch serves to enable
future work that involves dynamic frequency scaling. As an immediate
benefit it also makes it more convenient to specify cache performance
without implicitly assuming a specific CPU core operating frequency.

The stat blocked_cycles that actually counter in ticks is now updated
to count in cycles.

As the timing is now rounded to the clock edges of the cache, there
are some regressions that change. Plenty of them have very minor
changes, whereas some regressions with a short run-time are perturbed
quite significantly. A follow-on patch updates all the statistics for
the regressions.

Configs: Set the memtest clock to a reasonable value

This patch changes the memtest clock from 1THz (the default) to 2GHz,
similar to the CPUs in the other regressions. This is useful as the
caches will adopt the same clock as the CPU. The bus clock rate is
scaled accordingly, and the L1-L2 bus is kept at the CPU clock while
the memory bus is at half that frequency.

A separate patch updates the affected stats.

Regression: Use addTwoLevelCacheHierarchy in configs

This patch unifies the full-system regression config scripts and uses
the BaseCPU convenience method addTwoLevelCacheHierarchy to connect up
the L1s and L2, and create the bus inbetween.

The patch is a step on the way to use the clock period to express the
cache latencies, as the CPU is now the parent of the L1, L2 and L1-L2
bus, and these modules thus use the CPU clock.

The patch does not change the value of any stats, but plenty names,
and a follow-up patch contains the update to the stats, chaning
system.l2c to system.cpu.l2cache.

Cache: add a response latency to the caches

In the current caches the hit latency is paid twice on a miss. This patch lets
a configurable response latency be set of the cache for the backward path.

Regression: Set the clock for twosys-tsunami CPUs

This patch merely adds a clock other than the default 1 Tick for the
CPUs of both the test system and drive system for the twosys-tsunami
regression.

The CPU frequency of the driver system is choosed to be twice that of
the test system to ensure it is not the bottleneck (although in this
case it mostly serves as a demonstration of a two-system setup),

SimpleDRAM: A basic SimpleDRAM regression

TrafficGen: Add a basic traffic generator regression

This patch adds a basic regression for the traffic generator. The
regression also serves as an example of the file formats used. More
complex regressions that make use of a DRAM controller model will
follow shortly.

Bridge: Remove NACKs in the bridge and unify with packet queue

This patch removes the NACKing in the bridge, as the split
request/response busses now ensure that protocol deadlocks do not
occur, i.e. the message-dependency chain is broken by always allowing
responses to make progress without being stalled by requests. The
NACKs had limited support in the system with most components ignoring
their use (with a suitable call to panic), and as the NACKs are no
longer needed to avoid protocol deadlocks, the cleanest way is to
simply remove them.

The bridge is the starting point as this is the only place where the
NACKs are created. A follow-up patch will remove the code that deals
with NACKs in the endpoints, e.g. the X86 table walker and DMA
port. Ultimately the type of packet can be complete removed (until
someone sees a need for modelling more complex protocols, which can
now be done in parts of the system since the port and interface is
split).

As a consequence of the NACK removal, the bridge now has to send a
retry to a master if the request or response queue was full on the
first attempt. This change also makes the bridge ports very similar to
QueuedPorts, and a later patch will change the bridge to use these. A
first step in this direction is taken by aligning the name of the
member functions, as done by this patch.

A bit of tidying up has also been done as part of the simplifications.

Surprisingly, this patch has no impact on any of the
regressions. Hence, there was never any NACKs issued. In a follow-up
patch I would suggest changing the size of the bridge buffers set in
FSConfig.py to also test the situation where the bridge fills up.

Regression: Fix topologies path in failing pc-simple-timing-ruby

This patch updates the path to the Ruby topologies and thus fixes a
failing regression.

Mem: Make SimpleMemory single ported

This patch changes the simple memory to have a single slave port
rather than a vector port. The simple memory makes no attempts at
modelling the contention between multiple ports, and any such
multiplexing and demultiplexing could be done in a bus (or crossbar)
outside the memory controller. This scenario also matches with the
ongoing work on a SimpleDRAM model, which will be a single-ported
single-channel controller that can be used in conjunction with a bus
(or crossbar) to create a multi-port multi-channel controller.

There are only very few regressions that make use of the vector port,
and these are all for functional accesses only. To facilitate these
cases, memtest and memtest-ruby have been updated to also have a
"functional" bus to perform the (de)multiplexing of the functional
memory accesses.

regress: ruby stat additions and config changes

Regression: Fix some bugs in simple-timing-mp-ruby.py.

Bus: Split the bus into a non-coherent and coherent bus

This patch introduces a class hierarchy of buses, a non-coherent one,
and a coherent one, splitting the existing bus functionality. By doing
so it also enables further specialisation of the two types of buses.

A non-coherent bus connects a number of non-snooping masters and
slaves, and routes the request and response packets based on the
address. The request packets issued by the master connected to a
non-coherent bus could still snoop in caches attached to a coherent
bus, as is the case with the I/O bus and memory bus in most system
configurations. No snoops will, however, reach any master on the
non-coherent bus itself. The non-coherent bus can be used as a
template for modelling PCI, PCIe, and non-coherent AMBA and OCP buses,
and is typically used for the I/O buses.

A coherent bus connects a number of (potentially) snooping masters and
slaves, and routes the request and response packets based on the
address, and also forwards all requests to the snoopers and deals with
the snoop responses. The coherent bus can be used as a template for
modelling QPI, HyperTransport, ACE and coherent OCP buses, and is
typically used for the L1-to-L2 buses and as the main system
interconnect.

The configuration scripts are updated to use a NoncoherentBus for all
peripheral and I/O buses.

A bit of minor tidying up has also been done.

Regression: Add a test for x86 timing full system ruby simulation

regress: ruby random tester and hammer stats updates

MOESI_hammer: fixed bug with single cpu + flushes, then modified the regression tester to check this functionality

MEM: Enable multiple distributed generalized memories

This patch removes the assumption on having on single instance of
PhysicalMemory, and enables a distributed memory where the individual
memories in the system are each responsible for a single contiguous
address range.

All memories inherit from an AbstractMemory that encompasses the basic
behaviuor of a random access memory, and provides untimed access
methods. What was previously called PhysicalMemory is now
SimpleMemory, and a subclass of AbstractMemory. All future types of
memory controllers should inherit from AbstractMemory.

To enable e.g. the atomic CPU and RubyPort to access the now
distributed memory, the system has a wrapper class, called
PhysicalMemory that is aware of all the memories in the system and
their associated address ranges. This class thus acts as an
infinitely-fast bus and performs address decoding for these "shortcut"
accesses. Each memory can specify that it should not be part of the
global address map (used e.g. by the functional memories by some
testers). Moreover, each memory can be configured to be reported to
the OS configuration table, useful for populating ATAG structures, and
any potential ACPI tables.

Checkpointing support currently assumes that all memories have the
same size and organisation when creating and resuming from the
checkpoint. A future patch will enable a more flexible
re-organisation.

Config: Change the way options are added
I am not too happy with the way options are added in files se.py and fs.py
currently. This patch moves all the options to the file Options.py, functions
from which are called when required.

CheckerCPU: Make some basic regression tests for CheckerCPU

Adds regression tests for the CheckerCPU. ARM ISA support
only at this point.

cache: Allow main memory to be at disjoint address ranges.

Fix the SPARC fs regression by adding a call to createInterruptController.

CPU: Check that the interrupt controller is created when needed

This patch adds a creation-time check to the CPU to ensure that the
interrupt controller is created for the cases where it is needed,
i.e. if the CPU is not being switched in later and not a checker CPU.

The patch also adds the "createInterruptController" call to a number
of the regression scripts.

Script: Fix the scripts that use the num_cpus cache parameter

This patch merely removes the use of the num_cpus cache parameter
which no longer exists after the introduction of the masterIds. The
affected scripts fail when trying to set the parameter. Note that this
patch does not update the regression stats.

MEM: Introduce the master/slave port roles in the Python classes

This patch classifies all ports in Python as either Master or Slave
and enforces a binding of master to slave. Conceptually, a master (such
as a CPU or DMA port) issues requests, and receives responses, and
conversely, a slave (such as a memory or a PIO device) receives
requests and sends back responses. Currently there is no
differentiation between coherent and non-coherent masters and slaves.

The classification as master/slave also involves splitting the dual
role port of the bus into a master and slave port and updating all the
system assembly scripts to use the appropriate port. Similarly, the
interrupt devices have to have their int_port split into a master and
slave port. The intdev and its children have minimal changes to
facilitate the extra port.

Note that this patch does not enforce any port typing in the C++
world, it merely ensures that the Python objects have a notion of the
port roles and are connected in an appropriate manner. This check is
carried when two ports are connected, e.g. bus.master =
memory.port. The following patches will make use of the
classifications and specialise the C++ ports into masters and slaves.

mem: fix cache stats to use request ids correctly

This patch fixes the cache stats to use the new request ids.
Cache stats also display the requestor names in the vector subnames.
Most cache stats now include "nozero" and "nonan" flags to reduce the
amount of excessive cache stat dump. Also, simplified
incMissCount()/incHitCount() functions.

Merge with main repository.

SE/FS: Make both SE and FS tests available all the time.