mem-cache: Fix BDI size calculation

The bitmask field indicates to which base a delta refers, and in
the original paper it is fixed and proportional to the highest
number of bases allowed in the compressed data.

Change-Id: I271bf2e19e0765de52b933eaf6d4fcc2ce25d185
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/19748
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>

mem-cache: Create CPack compressor

Implementation of C-Pack, as described in "C-Pack: A High-
Performance Microprocessor Cache Compression Algorithm".

C-Pack uses pattern matching schemes to detect and compress
frequently appearing data patterns. As in the original paper,
it divides the input in 32-bit words, and uses 6 patterns to
match with its dictionary.

For the patterns, each letter represents a byte: Z is a null
byte, M is a dictionary match, X is a new value. The patterns
are ZZZZ, XXXX, MMMM, MMXX, ZZZX, MMMX.

Change-Id: I2efc9db2c862620dcc1155300e39be558f9017e0
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/11105
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>

mem-cache: Add compression and decompression calls

Add a compressor to the base cache class and compress within
block allocation and decompress on writebacks.

This change does not implement data expansion (fat writes) yet,
nor it adds the compression latency to the block write time.

Change-Id: Ie36db65f7487c9b05ec4aedebc2c7651b4cb4821
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/11410
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>

mem-cache: Create BDI Compressor

Implement Base-Delta-Immediate compression, as described in
'Base-Delta-Immediate Compression: Practical Data Compression
for On-Chip Caches'

Change-Id: I7980c340ab53a086b748f4b2108de4adc775fac8
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/11412
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>

mem-cache: Add compression stats

Add compression statistics to the compressors. It tracks
the number of blocks that can fit into a certain power
of two size, and the number of decompressions.

For example, if a block is compressed to 100 bits, it will
belong to the 128-bits compression size. Although it could
also fit bigger sizes, they are not taken into account for
the stats (i.e., the 100-bit compression will fit only the
128-bits size, not 256 or higher).

We save stats for compressions that fail (i.e., compressed
size is bigger than original cache line size).

Change-Id: Idab71a40a660e33259908ccd880e42a880b5ee06
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/11103
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>

mem-cache: Create cache compressor

Create basic template for cache compressors. A basic compressor
must implement a compression and a decompression method.

Change-Id: I83dc4d2b8d2bc5ed9f760c938edfa4ebdd6b8583
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/c/public/gem5/+/11100
Tested-by: kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>
Maintainer: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikos Nikoleris <nikos.nikoleris@arm.com>